蛋白质摄入量对北京市房山区张坊村中老年人握力及高血压患病率的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2015.01.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨蛋白质摄入量对中老年人握力及高血压患病率的影响.方法抽取北京市房山区张坊村中老年村民134例,根据蛋白质摄入量将受试者分为蛋白质摄入较高组和蛋白质摄入较低组,使用24 h膳食回顾法进行膳食调查,计算产能营养素和能量的摄入量;分别应用握力计、电子血压计和血糖仪测定受试者的握力、血压和即刻血糖;同时收集人体测量指标并调查受试者睡眠和体力活动情况等生活习惯.采用t检验或 χ²检验分析2组中老年人的握力、运动情况、人体测量指标、产能营养素和能量摄入量、膳食摄入习惯、高血压病和血糖异常情况的差异.结果高蛋白质摄入组握力和上臂肌围显著高于低蛋白质摄入组,高蛋白质摄入组对主食类、蔬果类、鱼肉类、蛋类、豆腐类及食用油的摄入均显著多于低蛋白质摄入组,在营养素摄入方面,高蛋白质摄入组人群碳水化合物、脂肪、膳食纤维和能量摄入均高于低蛋白质摄入组.在疾病患病率方面,高蛋白质组高血压病患病率低于低蛋白质摄入组.结论北京市房山区张坊村中老年人膳食模式不均衡,蛋白质摄入过少,可能与握力降低有关,同时也可能与高血压患病率增加有关.改善该村村民的膳食结构,适当增加蛋白质摄入量可能在一定程度上会增加握力和降低高血压患病率.

关键词: 握力, 蛋白质摄入量, 膳食模式, 上臂肌围, 高血压病

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of the protein intake on the patients' handgrip strength and the incidence of hypertension in the middle aged and elderly people.Methods Totally 134 middle aged and elderly villagers in Zhangfang village, Fangshan district, Beijing were selected randomly. According to the intake of protein, the villagers were separated into two groups, relatively high protein(RHP) group and relatively low protein(RLP) group. The diet intake was investigated using 24-hour dietary review method. Then the nutrients and energy intake were calculated. We measured the handgrip, the blood pressure and blood glucose using grip dynamometer, electronic sphygmomanometer and glucometer, respectively. We measured the parameters of anthropometry. Then we surveyed the daily life habit, such as sleeping and exercise. Then we used Student's t test and χ² test to analyze the difference of indexes between two groups.Results The handgrip strength and arm muscle circumference were higher in RHP group than those in RLP group.The staple food, vegetable and fruit, fish and meat, egg, bean curd and oil were higher in RHP group than those in RLP group. The carbohydrate, fat, dietary fiber and energy were higher in RHP group than those in RLP group. The morbidity of hypertension was lower in RHP group than that in RLP group.Conclusion The dietary pattern in the villagers surveyed was imbalance. The low protein intake may be related to the low handgrip strength and the high morbidity of hypertension. To some extent, increasing the protein intake is likely to enhance the handgrip strength and reduce the morbidity of hypertension.

Key words: handgrip strength, protein intake, dietary pattern, arm muscle circumference, hypertension

中图分类号:

R155.5

洪忠新, 王佳. 蛋白质摄入量对北京市房山区张坊村中老年人握力及高血压患病率的影响[J]. 首都医科大学学报, 2015, 36(1): 141-146.

Hong Zhongxin, Wang Jia. Effect of the protein intake on the patients' handgrip strength and the incidence of hypertension in the middle aged and elderly people in Zhangfang Village,Fangshan District,Beijing[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2015, 36(1): 141-146.

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