首都医科大学学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 121-123.

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

小儿先天性肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的临床和病理特点

谢向辉, 黄澄如, 孙宁, 张潍平, 田军, 李明磊, 宋宏程   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院外科
  • 收稿日期:2006-04-25 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-02-24 发布日期:2007-02-24

The Characteristics of Clinical Pathology in Congenital Hydronephrosis Caused by Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Children

Xie Xianghui, Huang Chengru, Sun Ning, Zhang Weiping, Tian Jun, Li Minglei, Song Hongcheng   

  1. Department of Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University
  • Received:2006-04-25 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-02-24 Published:2007-02-24

摘要: 目的 探讨小儿先天性肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的临床、病理特点和诊治。方法 总结1956—2005年北京儿童医院收治的1376例小儿先天性肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻患者的临床和病理资料。患儿年龄3个月~15岁,男1169例,女207例;左侧894例,右侧309例,双侧173例。早期行Y-V成形术97例,1965年以后采用离断性肾盂成形术(Anderson-Hynes术式)1279例。结果 术后随访6~36个月,一次手术成功率达98.5%(1355/1376)。手术及术后病理证实,绝大部分小儿肾积水是因先天性肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄所致(占94.3%),其他还有肾盂输尿管连接部瓣膜、息肉、高位输尿管口、迷走血管或副血管压迫肾盂输尿管连接部。结论 小儿先天性肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻以男孩多见,部位以左侧多见。先天性肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄是造成小儿肾积水的首要病因。有明显梗阻症状、肾盂进行性扩张或肾功能损害进行性加重者需行离断性肾盂成形术。

关键词: 先天性畸形, 肾积水, 病理

Abstract: Objective To investigate the pathologic characteristics, clinic manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of congenital hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction obstruction(UPJO) in children. Methods 1 376 children( male 1 169 and female 207, left side in 894, right side in 309 and bilateral in 173) with UPJO were treated in our hospital during the last 50 years,including 1 279 Anderson-Hynes and 97 Y-V procedures. Results All patients were followed up for at least 6 months. Congenital hydronephrosis are most commonly caused by ureteropelvic junction stenosis(94.3%), upper ureteral valve, upper ureteral polyps and an aberrant, accessory or early branching vessel to the lower pole of the kidney as well. Conclusion The most common cause of ureteropelvic junction obstruction is ureteropelvic junction stenosis. Anderson-Hynes procedure should be applied to children with obstructive symptoms and ultimately damaged renal function.

Key words: congenital anomalies, hydronephrosis, pathology

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