微小RNA-144的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2013.01.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微小RNA(microRNAs, miRs)通过靶向降解信使RNA(messenger RNA,mRNA)或抑制mRNA翻译参与个体发育,细胞增生、分化、凋亡,肿瘤形成等生理病理过程。近年的研究证实循环中的miRs以稳定的形式存在于各种体液包括血浆、尿液中,可作为疾病的生物标记物。已经鉴定的哺乳动物miRs中约50%在基因组中成簇存在,转录为多顺反子的最初转录本,而miR-144前体以miR-144/miR-451簇形式存在。近年研究表明,miR-144既是红系分化的重要调节因子,也参与肿瘤、心脑血管病等的发生,本文对miR-144在血液病、癌症、神经系统疾病、心脏病等多种疾病中的表达变化、作用及机制进行综述。

关键词: 微小RNA-144, 红细胞生成, 血液病, 癌症, 心肌缺血

Abstract:

MicroRNAs (miRs) play a prominent role in a variety of physiological, pathological and biological processes, including the individual development, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and oncogenesis by binding to target transcripts for cleavage or translational repression. Recently, a new class of miRs called ‘circulating miRs’ was found in cell-free body fluids such as plasma and urine. Circulating miRs have been shown to be very stable, specific, and sensitive biomarkers. Among the identified miRs thus far, ~50% of mammalian miRs are clustered in the genome and transcribed as polycistronic primary transcripts. Recent studies have demonstrated that miR-144 is the important regulator of erythroid differentiation, and is involved in the tumor development and cardio-cerebrovascular disease. The pre-miR-144 exists as bicistronic locus miR-144/451, and this article reviews the effect and possible regulating mechanisms of miR-144 in the blood disease, disorder of the nervous system, cancer, heart disease based on recently published literature.

Key words: microRNA-144, erythropoiesis, leukemia, cancer, myocardial ischemia

中图分类号:

R743

赵海苹, 罗玉敏. 微小RNA-144的研究进展[J]. 首都医科大学学报, 2013, 34(1): 80-85.

ZHAO Haiping, LUO Yumin. Progress in studies of MicroRNA-144-associated diseases and related mechanism[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2013, 34(1): 80-85.

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