首都医科大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 474-479.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2022.03.023

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

高龄与中低龄老年轻型缺血性脑卒中临床特点及预后分析

谷强1, 余孝君2*, 张津3   

  1. 1.北京市东城区第一人民医院神经内科,北京 100075;
    2.长沙市第一医院神经内科,长沙 410005;
    3.首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科,北京 100055
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-24 出版日期:2022-06-21 发布日期:2022-06-01
  • 基金资助:
    长沙市科技计划项目(kq1706002)。

Analysis of clinical characteristics and prognosis of the very old and young old patients with mild ischemic stroke

Gu Qiang1, Yu Xiaojun2*, Zhang Jin3   

  1. 1. Department of of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Dongcheng District, Beijing 100075, China;
    2. Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005, China;
    3. Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100055, China
  • Received:2022-02-24 Online:2022-06-21 Published:2022-06-01
  • Contact: *E-mail:xiaoyuer6@sohu.com
  • Supported by:
    Changsha Science and Technology Project(kq1706002).

摘要: 目的 分析高龄与中低龄老年轻型缺血性脑卒中的临床特点和预后情况。方法 选择2016年1月-2019年6月在北京市东城区第一人民医院神经内科住院的老年轻型急性缺血性脑卒中患者247例,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表 (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS) 评分≤3分,根据年龄分为高龄(≥80岁)老年组113例和中低龄(60~79岁)老年组134例。对比分析2组患者的一般资料、实验室检查结果、牛津郡社区卒中计划(Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project,OCSP)分型、病因分型、危险因素及预后情况。结果 高龄老年组患者入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎比例均高于中低龄老年组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者在性别、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、合并高血压、高血脂、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(以下简称冠心病)、瓣膜性心脏病、抗血小板、抗凝、神经功能进展、实验室检查结果、OCSP分型、病因等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响两组患者预后的相关因素显示,入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎均是高龄老年患者与中低年龄老年患者3个月预后不良的影响因素(P<0.05);高龄老年组患者预后不良率及病死率均高于中低年龄老年组患者(P<0.05)。结论 高龄轻型缺血性卒中患者入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎比例较高,为老年轻型缺血性脑卒中预后的危险因素,此类患者临床预后更差。

关键词: 老年人, 轻型缺血性脑卒中, 临床特点, 预后

Abstract: Objective To explore the related factors that affect the prognosis of ischemic stroke in the elders. Methods Selected 247 elder patients with acute ischemic stroke who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Dongcheng First People’s Hospital, Beijing from January 2016 to June 2019. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≤3 points, according to age, divided into 113 cases in the elderly group (aged 80 years old and above)and 134 cases in the junior elder group(60-79 years old). The general data, laboratory examination results, Oxford Community Stroke Project (OCSP) classification, etiological classification, risk factors and prognosis of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The NIHSS score, diabetes mellitus, history of stroke, history of atrial fibrillation and post stroke pneumonia in elderly patients were significantly higher than those in the middle and low age group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, valvular heart disease, antiplatelet, anticoagulation, neurological progress, laboratory results, classification and etiology of OCSP (P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the NIHSS score, diabetes mellitus, past stroke history, atrial fibrillation history and post stroke pneumonia were all the influencing factors of 3 months' poor prognosis in elderly patients and middle and low age patients (P<0.05). The factors influencing the prognosis of the two groups were analyzed. The rate of poor prognosis and mortality in the elderly group were higher than those in the middle and low age group (P<0.05). Conclusion NIHSS score, diabetes mellitus, history of stroke, history of atrial fibrillation, and pneumonia after stroke in elderly patients with mild ischemic stroke are higher risk factors for the prognosis of light ischemic stroke in elderly patients.

Key words: elders, mild ischemic stroke, clinical characteristics, prognosis

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