肠道菌群及其代谢物在多发性硬化发病中的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2026.04.021

首都医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 799-806.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2026.04.021

肠道菌群及其代谢物在多发性硬化发病中的研究进展

刘添羽¹，张夏男²，孟庆涛³，陈瑞^1*

1.首都医科大学公共卫生学院卫生毒理学与卫生化学学系，北京 100069；2.首都医科大学燕京医学院预防医学学系，北京 101300；3.首都医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学学系，北京 100069

收稿日期:2026-04-22 修回日期:2026-06-02 出版日期:2026-08-21 发布日期:2026-07-26
通讯作者: 陈瑞 E-mail:ruichen@ccmu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目（82230109）。

Research progress on the role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

Liu Tianyu¹, Zhang Xianan², Meng Qingtao³, Chen Rui^1*

1.Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;2.Department of Preventive Medicine, Yanjing Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101300, China;3.Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China

Received:2026-04-22 Revised:2026-06-02 Online:2026-08-21 Published:2026-07-26
Supported by:
This study was supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82230109).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多发性硬化（multiple sclerosis，MS）是一种由免疫介导的中枢神经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病。肠道菌群（gut microbiota，GM）及其代谢产物通过“肠－脑”轴调控免疫应答与炎症反应，在MS的发病与进展中发挥关键作用。现有文献多局限于菌群组成变化的表型描述与常见免疫途径探讨，亟待对关键代谢物介导的微观分子调控网络展开详细描述。本综述系统梳理了短链脂肪酸（short-chain fatty acids，SCFAs）、吲哚类衍生物及胆汁酸等关键代谢物在MS中的研究进展，深入探讨了其在外周免疫与中枢神经病变中的调控作用，旨在探讨肠道菌群及其代谢物参与MS发病的病理机制，以期为未来开发临床生物标志物及靶向菌群的干预策略提供一定的理论依据。

关键词: 多发性硬化, 肠道菌群, 肠道菌群代谢物, 短链脂肪酸, 吲哚类衍生物, 胆汁酸

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites crucially regulate immune responses and inflammation in MS pathogenesis via the “gut-brain” axis. However, existing studies predominantly focus on compositional phenotypes and conventional immune pathways, highlighting an urgent need to systematically dissect the micro-level molecular networks mediated by core metabolites. This review summarizes recent advances in key metabolites—short-chain fatty acids, indole derivatives, and bile acids—and explores their networked regulatory roles bridging peripheral immunity and central neuropathology. By multidimensionally elucidating these mechanisms, we aim to provide a theoretical basis for developing novel clinical biomarkers and microbiota-targeted interventions.

Key words: multiple sclerosis, gut microbiota, gut microbiota metabolites, short chain fatty acid, indole derivatives, bile acid

中图分类号:

R593.2

刘添羽, 张夏男, 孟庆涛, 陈瑞. 肠道菌群及其代谢物在多发性硬化发病中的研究进展[J]. 首都医科大学学报, 2026, 47(4): 799-806.

Liu Tianyu, Zhang Xianan, Meng Qingtao, Chen Rui. Research progress on the role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2026, 47(4): 799-806.

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肠道菌群及其代谢物在多发性硬化发病中的研究进展

Research progress on the role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

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