Abstract: The infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV) is a serious problem in public health.Every year,there are about one million patients died of liver function failure,hepatocirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer(HCC),which are caused by HBV infection.There are more than one hundred and twenty million people who are infected with HBV in our country while the treatment effects are not satisfied so far.No more than half of the patients can be treated with certain effects and in half of them,whatever antiviral drugs they are treated with,the disease progression cannot be controlled and develop to hepatocirrhosis or even HCC.Many factors that may affect the treatment effects such as virology immunology and new drugs are to be solved.So,we should strengthen the basic,pharmaceutical and clinical innovation research,and we should heavy responsibilities in terms of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B.