雌激素的生理意义

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2013.04.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

雌激素是女性最重要的性激素,通过与靶细胞核内的特异性受体结合发挥作用,在女性一生的各个时期都发挥着重要作用。在青春期促进女性第二性征及生殖系统的发育,在育龄期维持月经周期及女性体征、促进胚胎着床、导致妊娠期母体的变化。除对生殖系统的作用外,雌激素对骨骼系统、中枢神经系统以及心血管系统也有重要作用,绝经后女性体内因缺乏雌激素,导致泌尿生殖系统发生萎缩、骨质疏松,心血管疾病及老年性痴呆疾病的发生风险增加。

关键词: 雌激素, 生理, 生殖系统, 青春期, 绝经

Abstract:

Female reproductive endocrinology system plays an important role in the growth and development of other systems and the reproduction of human being. Estrogen is the most important steroid sex hormone in women, which exert its impact via specific intranuclear receptors in target cells. Estrogen plays an irreplaceable role in every life phase of human being. Estrogen promotes the development of secondary sexual characteristics and reproductive system in puberty, while it maintains menstrual cycle and female characters, facilitate embryo implantation and cause maternal changes during pregnancy in child-bearing period. Besides reproductive system, estrogen also impact skeletal system, central nervous system and cardiovascular system. Due to the low level of estrogen, urogenital system becomes atrophic and meanwhile the risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and senile dementia increases in postmenopausal women.

Key words: estrogen, physiology, reproductive system, puberty, menopause

中图分类号:

R339.2

石玉华, 陈子江. 雌激素的生理意义[J]. 首都医科大学学报, 2013, 34(4): 530-534.

SHI Yuhua, CHEN Zijiang. Physiological significance of estrogen[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2013, 34(4): 530-534.

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