首都医科大学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 901-907.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2020.06.007

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

新型冠状病毒肺炎中医证候和证候要素分布特点的文献分析

陈剑明1, 陈腾飞1, 连博1, 陈奕杉1, 徐霄龙2, 刘清泉1*   

  1. 1.首都医科大学附属北京中医医院重症医学科,北京 100010;
    2.北京市中医研究所,北京 100010
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-20 出版日期:2020-12-21 发布日期:2021-01-18
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81673934,81973608,62041701),国家十三五规划课题(2017ZX10305501),北京市自然科学基金(7192083),中国博士后面上基金(2019M650774),首都医科大学校级自然科学基金(PYZ19170),北京市属医院科研培育计划项目(PZ2019009)。

Analysis of the distribution characteristics of Chinese medicine syndromes and syndrome elements in COVID-19

Chen Jianming1, Chen Tengfei1, Lian Bo1, Chen Yishan1, Xu Xiaolong2, Liu Qingquan1*   

  1. 1. Department of Intensive Medicine,Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China;
    2. Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
  • Received:2020-04-20 Online:2020-12-21 Published:2021-01-18
  • Contact: * E-mail:liuqingquan2003@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673934,81973608,62041701),National Thirteenth Five-year Plan Subject (2017ZX10305501), Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (7192083), China Post-doctoral General Program (2019M650774),University-level Nature Fund, Capital Medical University(PYZ19170), Beijing Hospital Research and Cultivation Program (PZ2019009).

摘要: 目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎的证候和证候要素的文献分布特点。方法 通过对中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库、Medline等数据库中有关新型冠状病毒肺炎中医现代文献进行检索,检索年限为2020年1月至2020年4月,对符合纳入标准的文献进行阅读和摘录证候类型,参考《中医诊断学》《中医证候鉴别诊断学》《中医临床诊疗术语-证候部分》 《证候规范及其与疾病、方剂相关的基础研究》等有关证候、证候要素的拆分方法进行对不规范和复合的证候类型进行规范和拆分,并提取病位类和病性类证候要素,使用描述性统计方法(频次/频率)进行统计分析。结果 纳入符合要求的10篇中医证候文献进行研究。这些文献出现的证候类型与《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案》(试行第七版)相比,只有56.14%的证候涵盖了标准中提出的9个证候类型。文献中共涉及证候类型58种(总频次为1 587),规范后证候类型共43种(总频次为1 732)。出现频率>5%的常见证候类型分别为疫毒闭肺、湿热蕴肺、寒湿郁肺、肺脾气虚、湿邪郁肺、气阴两虚。这6种证候类型累计出现频率为989次,占总体证候的57.10%。对文献规范后的病位类证候要素15种,出现频率为1 777次,以肺、脾、胃、卫分、气分、神(心、脑)为常见病位类证候要素(出现频率>2%),占总病位类证候要素的95.94%。病性类证候要素共有20种,共出现2 567次,其中出现频率>2%的依次为湿(外邪)、闭(肺、心神、脑窍)、气虚、毒(疫、热、寒)、湿热、郁、热(外邪、风)、湿(内生)、阴虚,占总病性类证候要素的81.65%。结论 新型冠状病毒肺炎病因病机复杂性和认识的不统一,导致辨证体系的多样。证候类型纷繁复杂,以实证为主,但需重视“肺脾气虚”在疾病发生、发展过程中的重要意义。

关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎, 证候, 证候要素, 分布特点, 文献研究

Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of Chinese syndromes and syndrome elements in COVID-19. Methods The modern traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) literature about COVID-19 in China knowledge network (CNKI), Wanfang database, Weipu database and Medline database from January to April 2020 was retrieved. Referring to TCM Diagnostics, TCM Syndrome Differential Diagnostics, TCM Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Terminology-S Syndrome Part, TCM Digital Syndrome Differentiation Machine developed by Zhu Wenfeng in 1 978 and related research results of “973 Project”. The resolution method of syndromes and syndromes elements was used to standardize and split the types of nonstandard and compound syndromes, and to extract the syndrome elements of disease location and disease type. The statistical analysis was performed with descriptive statistical method (frequency/rate). Results Ten TCM syndromes literature were included to study. Compared with the latest version of the diagnostic criteria (7th edition), only 56.14% of the syndromes types reported in these literatures was involved in the nine syndromes types proposed in the criteria. A total of 58 types of syndromes were reported in the literature (with a total frequency 1 587). After standardization, 43 types of syndromes were referred to with a total frequency 1 732. The common syndrome types with frequency over 5% were Yidu-Bifei, Shire-Yufei, Hanshi-Yufei, Feipi-Qixu, Shixie-Yufei, and Qiyin-Liangxu. The cumulative frequency of these six syndromes was 989, accounting for 57.10% of the total syndromes. For 15 kinds of syndrome elements of disease location after literature standardization, the frequency of occurrence was 1 777 times, with Fei, Pi, Wei, Weifen, Qifen, and Shen(Xin,Nao) as the common syndrome elements of disease location (frequency>2%), accounting for 95.94% of the total disease location syndrome elements. A total of 20 types of syndrome elements which appeared 2 567 times with occurrence frequency >2% were Shi(Waixie), Bi(Fei, Xinshen, Naoqiao), Qixu, Du(Yi, Re, Han), Shire, Yu, Re(Waixie, Feng), Shi(Neisheng), and Yinxu, accounting for 81.65% of the total disease type syndrome elements. Conclusions The complexity of the etiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19 led to the diversity of syndrome differentiation system. Whatever the syndrome type is, we should pay attention to the importance of “Feipi-Qixu” in the development of disease.

Key words: COVID-19, syndromes, syndrome elements, distribution characteristics, literature research

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