纤毛研究进展

首都医科大学学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 70-75.

纤毛研究进展

矫健¹, 张罗^1,2

1. 北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所,耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室;2. 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

收稿日期:2008-11-18 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-02-21 发布日期:2009-02-21
通讯作者: 张罗

Progress of Study on Cilia

Jiao Jian¹, Zhang Luo^1,2

1. Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education;2. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University

Received:2008-11-18 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-02-21 Published:2009-02-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 纤毛广泛分布于人体多种类型细胞表面,是一种结构复杂、功能精细的细胞器,其基本结构包括轴丝和外被的纤毛膜。纤毛在机体各组织器官中发挥着重要的生理功能,其结构和功能异常会导致多种纤毛相关疾病的发生。根据微管的组成及排列方式不同,哺乳动物的轴丝主要表现为9+2和9+0两种类型。9+2纤毛多具有运动功能,而9+0纤毛则多呈静止状态,主要功能是感知环境中信号变化并协助信号转导至细胞内部。纤毛运动受Ca²⁺,胞内pH以及cAMP、cGMP、PKC等激酶依赖性蛋白磷酸化等多因素调控。深入了解纤毛的结构、功能及运动调控机制,对相关疾病的诊疗具有指导意义。

关键词: 纤毛, 轴丝, 纤毛摆动频率

Abstract: Cilia are located on almost all cell types of the human body, the basic structure includes a microtubule cytoskeleton, the axoneme, and the surrounding ciliary membrane. Cilia perform key tasks for a variety of organs, but defects in the structure or function of them are involved in the pathogenesis of several cilia-related disorders. Mammalian cilia occur in two major pattern: motile 9+2 cilia and usually nonmotile 9+0 primary cilia, which function as a sort of cellular antenna, to pick up signals from the environment and pass them on to the cell's nucleus. Mammalian ciliary beating is regulated by cAMP, cGMP, PKC as well as Ca²⁺ and intracellular pH. To further explore the structure and function of cilia, and the regulation mechanism of mammalian ciliary beat frequency is of great importance for the diagnosis and treatment of certain cilia-related disorders.

Key words: cilia, axoneme, ciliary beat frequency

中图分类号:

Q 471

矫健;张罗;. 纤毛研究进展[J]. 首都医科大学学报, 2009, 30(1): 70-75.

Jiao Jian;Zhang Luo;. Progress of Study on Cilia[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2009, 30(1): 70-75.

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