首都医科大学学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 182-185.

• 艾滋病基础与流行病学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

HIV感染病例流行特征研究

王蕊,张美,计云霞,宋映雪,吴昊,焦艳梅*   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院性病艾滋病实验室
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-04-21 发布日期:2011-04-21
  • 通讯作者: 焦艳梅

Epidemiological Characteristics of HIV/AIDS Cases

WANG Rui, ZHANG Mei, JI Yun-xia, SONG Ying-xue, WU Hao, JIAO Yan-mei*   

  1. STD & AIDS Laboratory, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2011-04-21 Published:2011-04-21
  • Contact: JIAO Yan-mei

摘要: 目的 研究人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染病例流行特征。
方法 抽取330例首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院性病艾滋病临床诊疗中心收治的2003年1月至2007年12月确诊的获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immuno deficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者为调查对象,回顾性分析HIV/AIDS患者HIV传播途径,HIV-1/乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)/丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)/梅毒共感染,艾滋病发病比例变化等流行病学资料。
结果 ① 随机选取诊疗中心收治的330例HIV/AIDS患者,其性传播途径和经血传播比例在2003至2007年分别为30% vs 60%、24.8% vs 75%、26.9% vs 70%、67.9% vs 20%、84.9% vs 10%。② HIV-1/HBV共感染患者比例2003至2007年分别为4%、10%、14%、 21%、22%;而HIV-1/梅毒共感染患者比例为15%、5%、16% 、23%、30%;HIV-1/HCV共感染患者比例为60%、62%、51%、18%、8%。③ HIV/AIDS患者中AIDS患者比例逐年上升,由2003年的6.5%上升至2004年的9.5%、2005年的20%、2006年的25%和2007年的26.3%。
结论 ① HIV的性传播途径与HIV-1/HBV、HIV-1/梅毒共感染比例均呈上升趋势,而经血传播途径及HIV-1/HCV共感染比例均呈下降趋势,北京地区HIV的主要传播途径由经血传播途径转变为性传播途径;② HIV/AIDS患者中AIDS患者比例有逐年上升趋势。

关键词: HIV/AIDS, 传播途径, 共感染

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases.
Methods The epidemiological data, including HIV transmission routes, HIV-1 co-infection with HBV/HCV/syphilis and the percentage of AIDS among HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed from Jan. 2003 to Dec. 2007 in AIDS clinic of Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, were analyzed retrospectively.
Results ① Data of randomly selected 330 HIV/AIDS cases from AIDS Clinic of Beijing were used. Among the cases, the rates of infection via sexual transmission and via blood transmission from 2003 to 2007 were 30% vs 60%, 24.8% vs 75%, 26.9% vs 70%, 67.9% vs 20%, 84.9% vs 10%, respectively. ② The percentage of HIV-1 co-infection with HBV were increasing from year2003 to 2007 were 4%, 10%, 14%, 21%, 22%, respectively; while co-infection with syphilis were 15%, 5%, 16%, 23%, 30%, respectively; the percentage of HIV-1 co-infection with HCV were 60%, 62%, 51%, 18%, 8%, respectively. ③ The percentage of AIDS among HIV/AIDS cases tended to be increasing year by year, It increased from 6.5%(year 2003) to 9.5%(year 2004) and 20%( year 2005), 25%(year 2006), 26.3%(year 2007).
Conclusion ① Among the cases, there had been an alarming increase in the rates of infection via sexual transmission and co-infection with HBV/syphilis, while the rates of infection via blood transmission and co-infection with HCV had a rapid drop. Infection via sexual transmission tended to replace the blood transmission and is becoming the major route of transmission. ② The percentage of AIDS among HIV/AIDS cases tended to be increasing year by year.

Key words: HIV/AIDS, transmission, coinfection

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