关键词: 特应性皮炎, 性别, 年龄, 部位, 聚集效应

Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) and the aggregation effect in patients with different sex, age groups and skin regions. Methods Clinical data of 5 953 patients with eczema (964 AD patients) were collected and retrospectively analyzed from 31 dermatology clinics in 13 cities from January 2014 to December 2015. The prevalence of AD in different sex, age groups and skin regions was summarized and the aggregation effect of AD was analyzed.Results Among the 5 953 patients with eczema, 964 (16.19%) were AD. There was no significant difference in the proportion of AD between male and female patients (P>0.05); there was no significant difference in age between male and female patients (P> 0.05). The occurrence rate in infants (<3 years) and children (3 years ≤ age<12 years years) was significantly higher than those in other age groups (P<0.05). Of 71 infants (<3 years group), 70 were presented in scalp, face and eyelids, while the elderly (≥ 61 years group) were mainly presented in the extremities extension. The occurrence rate in scalp, face and eyelids was higher in patients of low age (<24 years) than that in other age groups; the occurrence rate in feet-extremities extension, trunk-hands-extremities extension and neck-trunk in patients aged 24 years ≤ age<41 years was higher than that in other age groups; the occurrence rate in extremities extension in patients over 24 years old was higher than that in other age groups (all P<0.001). Among 964 AD patients, the most common skin region was extremities extension (50.10%), followed by scalp, face and eyelid (41.08%). Totally 583 patients (60.48%) were presented in the first 10 skin regions, and the average number of lesion sites was (2.07±1.12), one and two skin regions accounted for 35.06% and 37.66% of all AD patients, respectively. Patients with one skin region were mainly presented in scalp, face, eyelid and extremities extension (71.01%), while patients with two skin regions were mainly presented in feet-extremities extension, scalp, face, eyelid-neck, and trunk-extremities extension. The occurrence rate in feet-extremities extension and neck-trunk was higher in females than that in males (P<0.001), while the occurrence rate in trunk-extremities extension and cubital and popliteal fossae was higher in males than that in females (P<0.001). The occurrence rate in scalp, face and eyelid was higher in low age group (24 years) than that in other age groups (P<0.001). The occurrence rate in feet-extremities extension, trunk-hands-extremities extension and neck-trunk in patients aged 24 years ≤ age<41 years was higher than that in other age groups (P<0.001), and the occurrence rate in extremities extension in patients over 24 years old was higher than that in other age groups (P<0.001).Conclusion Sex has no significant influence on the incidence of AD in patients at different age groups. There is a significant "aggregation effect" in different age groups, especially in infancy (<3 years) and childhood (3 years ≤ age<12 years). The skin regions of AD shows some "aggregation effect", especially in patients at different age groups.

Key words: atopic dermatitis, sex, age, skin region, aggregation effect