梅克尔软骨调控下颌骨形态与功能稳态

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.06.002

首都医科大学学报

梅克尔软骨调控下颌骨形态与功能稳态

张然^1，2，沈宗杉^1，3，许天依²，王松灵^1*

1.首都医科大学口腔健康北京实验室，北京 100069；2.北京大学口腔医院病理科，北京 100081；3.中山大学附属口腔医院牙周病科，广州 510095

收稿日期:2025-09-11 修回日期:2025-09-21 出版日期:2025-12-19 发布日期:2025-12-19
通讯作者: 王松灵 E-mail:slwang@ccmu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFA1104401），国家自然科学基金项目（82030031,92149301,81991504）,口腔健康北京实验室（PXM2021-014226-000041），北京市政府奖学金（北京奖学金项目）（PXM2021-014226-000020），北京口腔医院创新团队项目（CXTD202201），中国医学科学院牙发育与再生研究单元（2019-12M-5-031）。

Regulation of mandible morphology and functional homeostasis by Meckel's cartilage

Zhang Ran^1,2, Shen Zongshan^1,3, Xu Tianyi², Wang Songling^1*

1.Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China；2.Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China；3.Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510095, China

Received:2025-09-11 Revised:2025-09-21 Online:2025-12-19 Published:2025-12-19
Supported by:
This study was supported by National Key Research and Development Program（2022YFA1104401），National Natural Science Foundation of China（82030031,92149301,81991504）,Beijing Municipality Government Grant (Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health）（PXM2021-014226-000041），Beijing Municipality Government Grant (Beijing Scholar Program）（PXM2021-014226-000020），Innovation Research Team Project of Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University（CXTD202201），Chinese Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Academy of Medical Sciences （2019-12M-5-031）.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 梅克尔软骨（Meckel's cartilage, MC）作为第一咽弓（下颌弓）的核心软骨结构，其在下颌发育中的角色已经从传统的临时支架转变为主动调控中心。本文旨在综述MC在下颌骨发育中的形态特征、生物学功能、分子调控机制及分化命运。形态上，MC呈现出动态时空变化及物种差异；功能上，它作为信号枢纽，参与调控下颌骨形态发生。本课题组前期研究揭示了MC以乳尖牙为界，前段具软骨内成骨潜能，中后段主要参与膜内成骨，同时其形态与力学环境对邻近肌肉、肌腱和关节发育至关重要。发育后期，大部分MC将经历程序性退化后部分转化为听小骨等成体结构，然而其具体分子机制尚不明确。综上所述，MC是下颌发育与演化中一个动态、多功能的主动调控者，其作用远超被动的形态模板，对颅颌形态及功能发育过程中稳态的维持具有重要作用。

关键词: 梅克尔软骨, 下颌骨发育, 稳态医学, 信号调控, 形态发生, 演化发育生物学

Abstract: As the core cartilaginous structure of the first pharyngeal arch (mandibular arch), Meckel's cartilage (MC) has evolved from a traditional temporary scaffold to an active regulatory center in mandible development. This review aims to summarize the morphological characteristics, biological functions, molecular regulatory mechanisms, and differentiation fate of MC in mandibular bone development. Morphologically, MC exhibits dynamic spatiotemporal changes and species differences. Functionally, it serves as a signaling hub involved in regulating mandibular shape formation and patterning. Our previous studies have revealed that MC, demarcated by the incisor tooth, has endochondral ossification potential in the anterior segment and mainly participates in intramembranous ossification in the middle and posterior segments. Additionally, its morphology and mechanical environment are crucial for the development of adjacent muscles, tendons, and joints. In the later stages of development, most of MC undergoes programmed regression and transforms into adult structures such as the auditory ossicles, yet the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In conclusion, MC is a dynamic, multifunctional master regulator in mandible development and evolution. Going beyond its passive role as a morphological template, it play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis during craniofacial morphogenesis and functional development.

Key words: Meckel’s cartilage, mandible development, homeostatic medicine, signaling pathways, morphogenesis, developmental biology

中图分类号:

张然, 沈宗杉, 许天依, 王松灵. 梅克尔软骨调控下颌骨形态与功能稳态[J]. 首都医科大学学报, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.06.002.

Zhang Ran, Shen Zongshan, Xu Tianyi, Wang Songling. Regulation of mandible morphology and functional homeostasis by Meckel's cartilage[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.06.002.

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梅克尔软骨调控下颌骨形态与功能稳态

Regulation of mandible morphology and functional homeostasis by Meckel's cartilage

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