关键词: 细菌, 耐药监测, 抗生素, 耐药性

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the epidemic distribution and drug resistance of the clinically-isolated bacteria in intensive care unit(ICU)of Beijing Children's Hospital. Methods All the bacterial isolations from 1999 to 2003 were analyzed. Tests were performed according to the guidelines of NCCLS. Results Gram-negative bacteria became common in pediatric patients of ICU. The main Gram-negative bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Acinetobavter spp. and Klebsiella spp. Gram-positive were became important pathogens of nosocomial infection. The main pathogens were Coagulase-negative Staphylococci(CNS)(50.8%) and Enterococcus(12.4%) in blood, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(26.0%), Acinetobavter spp. (19.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(19.8%) in respiratory tract,respectively. The Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) rate were 76.6% and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) rate were 1.9%. Extended-spetrum β-lactamase stains counted for 54.0% of E.coli and 80.7% of K.pneumoniae from 1999 to 2003 in ICU. Conclusion Imipenem remains highly active against Gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria isolated from ICU exhibit a high resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. Multi-drug resistance of bacteria is a serious problem in ICU. It is very important to monitor the distribution of bacteria and their resistance to antibiotics in pediatric patients of ICU.

Key words: bacteria, resistance surveillance, antibiotics, drug resistance