The impact of cochlear and cochlear nerve development on long-term outcomes of cochlear implantation in children with cochlear nerve deficiency

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2024.06.005

The impact of cochlear and cochlear nerve development on long-term outcomes of cochlear implantation in children with cochlear nerve deficiency

Gao Zhencheng¹, Lu Simeng¹, Wei Xingmei¹, Xue Shujin¹, Zhang Lifang², Wang Jingxian¹, Ma Chunling¹, Kong Ying¹, Gong Yue³, Xie Jing⁴, Chen Biao¹, Chen Jingyuan¹, Li Yongxin^1*

1.Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; 2. Department of Rehabilitation Engineering, Beijing College of Social Administration (Training Center of Ministry of Civil Affairs), Beijing 102600, China; 3. Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; 4. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China

Received:2024-08-26 Online:2024-12-21 Published:2024-12-18
Supported by:
This study was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2402705), Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (7244308), Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals' Youth Programme (QML20230204).

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the impact of cochlear types and the developmental status of the vestibulocochlear nerve on auditory and speech outcomes and the rate of auditory speech development in children with cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) after cochlear implantation (CI). Methods The auditory and speech outcomes of CND children were assessed before CI and within five years post-operation with the Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) and Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) questionnaires. Children were categorized by cochlear type into common cavity (CC), cochlear hypoplasia (CH), incomplete partition (IP), and normal cochlea (NC) groups. They were also grouped by the number of nerve bundles in the internal auditory canal into CND I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ groups (nerve bundles 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively). With generalized estimating equations (GEE), auditory speech outcomes were compared among different cochlear types and vestibulocochlear nerve development levels both pre-CI and within five years post-activation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the auditory and speech development with CAP=5 and SIR=3 as event endpoints. Results Except for the statistically significant differences in CAP and SIR scores between the CC and NC groups 5 years after CI surgery, there are no statistically significant differences in CAP and SIR scores before CI surgery and within 5 years post-activation among CND children with different cochlear types. The rate of auditory and speech development also showed no significant differences among these groups. Among CND children with varying degrees of vestibulocochlear nerve development, there were no significant differences in CAP and SIR scores before CI, but significant differences were observed among most groups within 5 years post-operation. The rate of auditory and speech development showed significant differences among these groups. Conclusions The development level of the vestibulocochlear nerve was a key factor in determining both the short-term and long-term auditory speech outcomes and the rate of speech development in children with CND after CI. The presence and type of cochlear malformation did not directly impact the post-operative outcomes in CND children.

Key words: cochlear nerve deficiency, cochlear implantation, categories of auditory performance, speech intelligibility rating, generalized estimating equation, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis

CLC Number:

R762

Gao Zhencheng, Lu Simeng, Wei Xingmei, Xue Shujin, Zhang Lifang, Wang Jingxian, Ma Chunling, Kong Ying, Gong Yue, Xie Jing, Chen Biao, Chen Jingyuan, Li Yongxin. The impact of cochlear and cochlear nerve development on long-term outcomes of cochlear implantation in children with cochlear nerve deficiency[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2024.06.005.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: https://journal03.magtech.org.cn/Jweb_sdykdxxb/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2024.06.005

https://journal03.magtech.org.cn/Jweb_sdykdxxb/EN/Y2024/V45/I6/966

References

［1］ Kim Y S, Kim Y, Jeon H W, et al. Full etiologic spectrum of pediatric severe to profound hearing loss of consecutive 119 cases［J］. Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1): 12335.
［2］ Wu C M, Lee L A, Chen C K, et al. Impact of cochlear nerve deficiency determined using 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging on hearing outcome in children with cochlear implants［J］. Otol Neurotol, 2015, 36(1): 14-21.
［3］ Kair E, Gillard D M, Chuang N, et al. Can imaging predict hearing outcomes in children with cochleovestibular nerve abnormalities?［J］. Laryngoscope, 2022, 132 Suppl 8: S1-S15.
［4］孔颖,张李芳,陆思萌,等. 听神经发育不良儿童人工耳蜗植入术后听觉言语能力发展规律及特点［J］. 听力学及言语疾病杂志, 2023, 31(2): 117-121.
［5］ Wei X, Li Y, Chen B, et al. Predicting auditory outcomes from radiological imaging in cochlear implant patients with cochlear nerve deficiency［J］. Otol Neurotol, 2017, 38(5): 685-693.
［6］ Sokolov M, Raveh E, Yaniv D, et al. Long-term outcomes and electrophysiological measures of children with inner ear malformations and cochlear implants［J］. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2024, 178: 111875.
［7］ Sennarolu L, Bajin M D. Classification and current management of inner ear malformations［J］. Balkan Med J, 2017, 34(5): 397-411.
［8］ Birman C S, Powell H R, Gibson W P, et al. Cochlear implant outcomes in cochlea nerve aplasia and hypoplasia［J］. Otol Neurotol, 2016, 37(5): 438-445.
［9］ Archbold S, Lutman M E, Marshall D H. Categories of auditory performance［J］. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl, 1995, 166: 312-314.
［10］ Allen M C, Nikolopoulos T P, O'donoghue G M. Speech intelligibility in children after cochlear implantation［J］. Am J Otol, 1998, 19(6): 742-746.
［11］ Shelton C, Luxford W M, Tonokawa L L, et al. The narrow internal auditory canal in children: a contraindication to cochlear implants［J］. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 1989, 100(3): 227-231.
［12］ Colletti V, Carner M, Miorelli V, et al. Auditory brainstem implant (ABI): new frontiers in adults and children［J］. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2005, 133(1): 126-138.
［13］ Thompson N J, Park L R, O'Connell B P, et al. Factors that influence performance in pediatric cochlear implant recipients with cochlear nerve deficiency［J］. Cochlear Implants Int, 2024, 25(3): 191-196.
［14］ Shi Y, Li Y, Gong Y, et al. Cochlear implants for patients with inner ear malformation: experience in a cohort of 877 surgeries［J］. Clin Otolaryngol, 2019, 44(4): 702-706.
［15］ Weng J, Xue S, Wei X, et al. Machine learning-based prediction of the outcomes of cochlear implantation in patients with inner ear malformation［J］. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2024, 281(7): 3535-3545.
［16］ Lu S, Wei X, Kong Y, et al. A 3-year follow-up and radiological analysis of cochlear implantation patients with cochlear nerve deficiency and modiolar deficiency-type malformations［J］. Otol Neurotol, 2023, 44(1): 26-33.
［17］ Lu S, Xie J, Wei X, et al. Machine learning-based prediction of the outcomes of cochlear implantation in patients with cochlear nerve deficiency and normal cochlea: a 2-year follow-up of 70 children［J］. Front Neurosci, 2022, 16: 895560.
［18］ Han J J, Suh M W, Park M K, et al. A predictive model for cochlear implant outcome in children with cochlear nerve deficiency［J］. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 1154.

[1]	Zhang Lifang, Wei Xingmei, Kong Ying, Yang Mengge, Gao Zhencheng, Xue Shujin, Lu Simeng, Chen Biao, Chen Jingyuan, Shi Ying, Li Yongxin. Long-term outcomes after cochlear implantation with customized electrodes via transmastoid slotted labyrinthotomy approach in patients with common cavity deformity [J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2024, 45(6): 946-955.
[2]	Xue Shujin, Wei Xingmei, Gao Zhencheng, Kong Ying, Lu Simeng, Chen Biao, Shi Ying, Cui Danmo, Li Yongxin. Anatomical characteristics of cochlear hypoplasia and postoperative outcomes of cochlear implantation [J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2024, 45(6): 956-965.
[3]	Wei Xingmei, Li Yongxin. Advance of cochlear implantation for inner ear malformation [J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2024, 45(6): 1001-1007.