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Composite piezoelectric nanoparticles based on P(VDF-TrFE) for precise imaging and targeted therapy of glioma Chen Zhiguang, Zhang Wei, He Wen Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 912-920.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.002 Abstract （952）      PDF（pc） （14027KB）（22）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To explore the efficacy of composite piezoelectric nanoparticles constructed based on poly（vinylidene fluoride)-trifluoroethylene ［P(VDF-TrFE)］ in the treatment and imaging of glioma. Methods P(VDF-TrFE) piezoelectric materials were reshaped in crystal form and improved in hydrophilicity, and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) targeted peptides were connected to 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol)-maleimide (DSPE-PEG-Mal) by click chemistry reaction. In addition, DSPE-PEG- tetranitroheterocyclic ligand (DSPE-PEG-DOTA) was mixed with a certain amount of gadolinium acetate solution was added to obtain DSPE-PEG-DOTA-Gd through chelation. And then the P(VDF-TrFE), DAPE-PEG-Mal RGD, and DSPE-PEG-DOTA-Gd in proportion were mixed to obtain composite piezoelectric nanoparticles P(VDF-TrFE)@DOTA-Gd@RGD. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized and assesed. Results  P(VDF-TrFE)@DOTA-Gd@RGD composite piezoelectric nanoparticles have excellent stability, especially in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) solutions where their particle size remained around 160 nm over time. After crystal reshaping, the piezoelectric performance of P(VDF-TrFE)@DOTA-Gd@RGD is significantly improved, with a surface potential of approximately 4.2 mV. The nanoparticles could be used as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agent. Under ultrasound excitation, P(VDF-TrFE)@DOTA-Gd@RGD composite piezoelectric nanoparticles generated a large amount of reactive oxygen species, inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration ability of glioma cells, and promoted their apoptosis. Conclusion  P(VDF-TrFE)@DOTA-Gd@RGD composite piezoelectric nanoparticles could be used as an MRI agent for the localization of brain gliomas and as a sound sensitive agent for sonodynamic therapy of glioma. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Intelligent grading diagnosis of liver fibrosis, inflammation, and steatosis in chronic liver disease based on multimodal ultrasound imaging data Wei Xingyue, Wang Lianshuang, Wang Yuanyuan, Gao Mengze, He Qiong, Zhang Yao, Luo Jianwen Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 928-935.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.004 Abstract （899）      PDF（pc） （1984KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To develop a non-invasive, accurate, convenient, and widely applicable intelligent diagnostic system to diagnose simultaneously liver fibrosis, inflammation, and steatosis of chronic liver disease (CLD). Methods  This study is based on multimodal ultrasound imaging data from CLD patients, including two-dimensional B-mode ultrasound images, two-dimensional shear wave elastography, transient elastography data, and the corresponding original radio-frequency data. Quantitative ultrasound methods were used to extract multimodal features from these multimodal data, and the results of ultrasound-guided liver biopsy were used as the gold standard. Support vector machine (SVM) was used to construct an intelligent grading diagnosis system for CLD in a binary-classification manner. Results  The proposed method achieves high the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81, 0.80, 0.89, 0.87 for the classification of fibrosis grade ≥F1, ≥F2, ≥F3 ≥F4, and 0.80, 0.93, 0.93 for inflammation ≥A2, ≥A3, ≥A4, and 0.75, 0.92 for steatosis ≥S1, ≥S2. Conclusion  The results indicated that the proposed method showed potential expected to be promoted to clinical applications. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the mechanical properties of supraspinatus tendons in hemodialysis patients with high frame rate sound touch elastography Zhuang Jiamian, Zeng Yuran, Chen Shaoqi Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 936-940.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.005 Abstract （892）      PDF（pc） （1441KB）（12）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To evaluate the mechanical properties of supraspinatus tendons in hemodialysis patients with high frame rate sound touch elastography （HiFR STE). Methods  Forty-six patients who routinely underwent hemodialysis at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, as well as twenty three fit volunteers, were selected for the study. Patients on hemodialysis were divided into two groups based on their median dialysis duration （74.5 months)： the shorter dialysis duration group and the prolonged dialysis duration group ［49.00（14.00, 69.00) vs 91.00（78.00, 122.00)］. Two-dimensional ultrasound and HiFR STE imaging were performed using a Mindray Resona R9 Pro ultrasound diagnostic instrument and an L15-3Wu line array probe. The supraspinatus tendon thickness and the mean of Young's modulus （Emean)were measured and compared between hemodialysis patients with varying durations of dialysis and healthy controls. Additionally, the sonographic characteristics of the shoulder joint were observed, including bone destruction, synovial hypertrophy, and joint effusion.  Results  The differences in supraspinatus tendon thickness and Emean values among healthy control group, shorter dialysis age group and longer dialysis age group were statistically significant（P<0.001), with the supraspinatus tendon thickness (5.73±0.70)mm, (6.57±0.93)mm and (6.80±0.84)mm, respectively. The result of two-by-two comparisons showed that the supraspinatus tendons thickness were thicker in both groups of hemodialysis patients with differing dialysis durations than in controls（P<0.05). HiFR STE results showed that their Emean values was (61.27±21.64)kPa、(42.56±25.30)kPa and (31.13±17.40)kPa, respectively. The result of two-by-two comparisons showed that the Emean value of supraspinatus tendons was significantly lower in dialysis patients than in controls, and the incidence of bone erosion and synovial thickening were statistically significant among the three groups（P<0.05). Conclusion  Supraspinatus tendons in hemodialysis patients thickened and showed decreased mechanical properties. Quantitative evaluation of supraspinatus tendon elasticity in hemodialysis patients based on the Emean measured by the HiFR STE can provide objective evidence for clinical screening of potential group of rotator cuff tears.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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nalysis of factors related to the absorption rate of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma after ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation Jia Xiaoxia, Chang Ying, Hou Wenying, Fu Ying, Zhang Huidan, Yang Jingchun Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 941-947.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.006 Abstract （889）      PDF（pc） （3369KB）（8）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To explore the ultrasound and pathological factors related to the absorption rate of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation(RFA) in the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).Methods  This study performed a retrospective analysis of patients with ultrasound-guided RFA for PTMC between December 2020 and March 2022. General information of patients was collected before RFA, and follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after RFA to obtain changes in thyroid nodules volume. Taking the time when postoperative nodules reach 100%  volume reduction ratio (VRR) as the absorption rate evaluation index, univariate  χ2 test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of RFA treatment.Results  A total of 64 TNs in 56 patients reached 100% VRR 18 months after RFA, the mean VRR of nodules at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after RFA were 61.43%, 87.86%, 96.62%, 99.70% and 100%.Through the analysis of ultrasound features, it was found that the nodule volume greater than 0.08  mL and the RFA time longer than 130 s were associated with low absorption rate (100% VRR time greater than 12 months). PTMC patients with Bethesda grade Ⅲ have a lower rate of absorption than patients with Bethesda class Ⅴ/Ⅵ. In addition, PTMC patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis are associated with low absorption rate. Logistic regression analysis showed that RFA was independent influencing factors affecting the rate of absorption after RFA in PTMC patients. Conclusion  Ultrasound features affecting the absorption rate of TNs by ultrasound-guided RFA include nodules volume,duration of RFA, Bethesda grade and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. RFA was independent factors of PTMC absorption rate after RFA. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of the ultrasonic subharmonic-aided pressure estimation technology Zhang Yanfen, Zheng Shuai, Chen Zhiguang, Cheng Linggang, Wang Hongbin, Li Rui, Zhang Yukang, Zhang Wei, He Wen Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 953-958.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.008 Abstract （861）      PDF（pc） （4046KB）（2）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To explore the factors influencing the ultrasonic subharmonic-aided pressure estimation （SHAPE)technology. Methods  An in vitro simulation of dynamic flow was constructed in a water tank. Three thousand and six hundred subharmonic amplitudes under different mechanical index (MI), sonazoid ultrasound contrast agent concentrations, and flow rates were obtained by SHAPE. The MI and subharmonic amplitude ranges during the pressure-related subharmonic rapid growth stage, the optimal ultrasound contrast agent concentration, and flow rate were quantified using a total fitting curve. Results  The MI and sub-harmonic amplitude ranges were 0.04－0.38 and －61.94-－12.82 dB, respectively. When the other parameters were constant, the maximum differences of the subharmonic amplitude under different concentrations, flow rates, and MIs were －10.0 dB,－12.84 dB, and 35.96 dB, respectively. The subharmonic amplitude and MI demonstrated the strongest correlation (r=0.973) when the contrast agent concentration and flow rate were 3.2 μL/100 mL and 8 μL/min, respectively. With MI difference of 0.04, the mean relative subharmonic amplitude was (3.18±1.55)dB (95% CI： 2.80－3.56). Under the same concentration and flow rate, the increase of MI caused a gradual decrease in the subharmonic amplitude from 9 dB to 0.31 dB. Conclusion  Identification and quantification of the influencing factors may improve the accuracy and effectiveness of SHAPE. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application status and prospects of pleural ultrasound in respiratory diseases Sun Zhe, Ma Jiaojiao, Zhang Bo Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 966-972.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.010 Abstract （852）      PDF（pc） （520KB）（3）       Knowledge map    Save As a part of lung ultrasound, pleural ultrasound is a simple, efficient, important, and effective tool in the assessment and monitoring of respiratory diseases. Routine techniques include static and dynamic assessment of the pleura, such as pleural morphology, thickness, motion, subpleural changes, and pleural effusion, which are closely related to the pathophysiology of various respiratory diseases. Therefore, different respiratory diseases show different pleural changes, which can help us to quickly differentiate between diseases such as pulmonary edema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, and interstitial fibrosis. Pleural ultrasound demonstrates unique advantages in the qualitative and quantitative assessment of pleural effusion and peripheral lung occupations. New ultrasound technologies such as speckle tracking technology, ultrasonography, elastography, and the application of deep learning algorithms have brought pleural ultrasound into a new phase. With the advancement of technology, pleural ultrasound demonstrates great potential for application, especially artificial intelligence (AI) recognition of dynamic signs, 3D models calculation of pleural effusion volume, AI recognition of peripheral lung nodules, and qualitative diagnosis, which may provide clinical information and change the diagnostic and treatment modes more efficiently. In this review, the status and future development of pleural ultrasound application in respiratory diseases are discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical value of Lindegaard in the early diagnosis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy Song Qian, Zhou Qian, Sun Hong, Li Shuo, Mei Xue, Guo Ruijun, Ge Huiyu Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 959-965.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.009 Abstract （842）      PDF（pc） （504KB）（3）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To investigate the clinical value of Lindegaard index (LR) in early diagnosis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Methods  A retrospective analysis was performed on sepsis patients admitted to the Emergency Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from November 2021 to March 2022. Clinical data were collected during 24 h after admission. Within three days after the diagnosis of sepsis, the SAE was diagnosed with diagnostic gold standard: the positive confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU) evaluation or persistent Glasgow coma score (GCS) ≤ 14.Patients were divided into the SAE group and the non-SAE group. The differences in ultrasound parameters of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) including systolic velocity (Vs), diastolic velocity (Vd), mean velocity (Vm), pulsatility index (PI), resistant index (RI), LR on the first and third day of admission were analyzed between the two groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of early SAE in patients with sepsis. The receiver operating characteristic  (ROC) curve was plotted to assess the predictive value of each risk factor for SAE. Results  Thirty-seven patients with sepsis were included in this study, with 17 in the SAE group and 20 in the non-SAE group. The 28-day mortality and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, GCS, blood lactate, incidence of cerebral vasospasm within 24 h of admission were significantly higher in the SAE group than those in the non-SAE group (P<0.05). On the first day (D1), VsD1, VdD1, VmD1, and LRD1 in the SAE group were significantly higher than those in the non-SAE group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in those ultrasound parameters between the SAE group and the non-SAE group on the third day. On the third day (D3), VsD3, VdD3, VmD3, and LRD3 in the SAE group were significantly lower compared to the first day (P<0.05). ΔLR (LRD1－LRD3) in the SAE group was significantly higher than that in the non-SAE group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the APACHE Ⅱ score within 24 h of admission, LRD1 and ΔLR were risk factors for SAE. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of APACHE Ⅱ score within 24 h of admission, LRD1, ΔLR and APACHE Ⅱ score combined with ΔLR predicting SAE were 0.94, 0.86, 0.77 and 0.96 respectively, with P<0.05. The cut-off value of LRD1 for diagnosing SAE was 2.6, the sensitivity was 76.47%, and the specificity was 95.00%. The APACHE Ⅱ combined with ΔLR had the best diagnostic efficacy for SAE (AUC=0.96,95% CI： 0.85－0.99, P<0.05), with a sensitivity of 88.24% and a specificity of 95.00%. Conclusion  The APACHE Ⅱ score within 24 h of admission, LRD1, ΔLR are all valuable in predicting the occurrence of early SAE. The APACHE Ⅱ score combined with ΔLR demonstrates the best diagnostic significance of SAE. The bedside ultrasound can dynamically obtain LR in patients with sepsis, which has great predictive value of early SAE. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The value of combined superb microvascular imaging and color Doppler flow imaging in breast BI-RADS class 4 micronodules Yu Tengfei, Yin Lu, Tian Daoran, Song Haiman, Yin Ziyi, Zhang Wei, He Wen Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 921-927.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.003 Abstract （761）      PDF（pc） （6935KB）（9）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To investigate the role of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in the diagnosis of breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) type 4 micro nodules, and to compare it with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Methods  A total of 165 patients was enrolled, with 165 breast micro nodules rated as BI-RADS class 4, with the maximum diameter ≤1 cm and confirmed by postoperative pathology. It included 125 benign lesions and 40 malignant lesions, and each lesion was examined by CDFI, SMI and CEUS, and the sonogram data were analyzed. Adler semi-quantitative method was used to evaluate blood flow grading, and CDFI and SMI showed the difference in blood flow in micro nodules. The diagnostic criteria for predicting the nature of nodules by CDFI, combined CDFI and SMI were developed, and the diagnostic value of CDFI, combined CDFI, SMI and CEUS in the nature of micro nodules in the breast was analyzed. Results  Patients with malignant breast micro nodules were older than benign patients, and CDFI and SMI had different ability to detect breast micro nodules, and the CDFI blood flow rate was 47.3% (78/165) and SMI was 83.6% (138/165). Taking pathological results as the gold standard, the sensitivity of CDFI, combined CDFI, SMI and CEUS for the diagnosis of breast micro nodules is 72.5%, 87.5%, 72.5%, respectively, and the specificity is 60.8%, 59.2% and 82.4%, respectively. The accuracy was 63.6%, 66.1% and 80.0%, respectively, and the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.665, 0.771 and 0.772, respectively. The difference in the diagnosis of small nodules was statistically significant, so the combined application was better than CDFI alone. Conclusion  For micro nodules of the breast diagnosed with BI-RADS class 4, the combined application of SMI techniques can help improve the sensitivity to determine the nature of nodules and reduce the use of ultrasonography for invasive examinations. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of ovarian-adnexal ultrasound reporting and data system in the diagnosis of ovarian benign and malignant tumors Song Haiman, He Wen, Kang Ruijun, Wang Lishu, Yu Tengfei, Zhang Wei Journal of Capital Medical University    DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.007 Accepted: 20 December 2023

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Preliminary study on brain metabolic characteristics of 18F-FDG PET in new daily persistent headache Guan Haolin, Yuan Ziyu, Yuan Leilei, Chen Qian, Wang Yonggang, Ai Lin Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (1): 13-18.   DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 003 Abstract （445）      PDF（pc） （4692KB）（16）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To preliminarily study the value of fluorine-18 deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in the metabolic characteristics of various brain regions of new daily persistent headache (NDPH) patients. Methods  18F-FDG PET images of patients with NDPH who underwent 18F-FDG PET examination at the  Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2021 to July 2023 were collected retrospectively. Cortex ID (GE Healthcare) was used to analyze the PET images and to obtain the Z-score distribution of 26 brain regions of  the NDPH patient group. The z-score distribution was applied to evaluate the metabolic characteristics of brain regions of NDPH patients.Results  NDPH patients showed reduced metabolism in multiple brain regions such as left/right prefrontal medial region（P=0.004、P=0.009）, right posterior cingulate （P=0.003）, right precuneus （P=0.003）, left sensorimotor（P=0.036）, right anterior cingulate（P=0.040）, left anterior cingulate（P=0.037）, left posterior cingulate （P=0.037）, right parietal superior （P=0.002）, left parietal superior（P=0.019）, left prefrontal lateral （P＜0.001）, left/right parietal inferior（P＜0.001）, left/right temporal mesial （P＜0.001 ）, right temporal lateral （P＜0.001）and pons（P＜0.001）. Conclusion  18F-FDG PET can display metabolic characteristics in different brain regions of NDPH patients, which may provide metabolic information for the pathological mechanism of NDPH and its complications. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features of autoimmune encephalitis with anti-LGI1 antibody Li Xiaotong, Zhao Xiaobin, Lyu Ruijuan, Yuan Leilei, Chen Qian, Wang Qun, Ai Lin Journal of Capital Medical University    DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 002 Accepted: 21 March 2024

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The value of qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of 11C-PIB PET in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease Guan Le, Song Tianbin, Hou Yaqin, Li Ze, Yan Shaozhen, Zhang Chun Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (1): 19-24.   DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 004 Abstract （423）      PDF（pc） （2904KB）（12）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To investigate the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PIB) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and non- Alzheimer's disease induced cognitive impairment (NAD) by qualitatively and semi quantitatively evaluating the degree of β-amyloid (Aβ）deposition in the brain.  Methods  AD patients (AD, n=36), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n=20), non-AD induced cognitive impairment (NAD, n=19), and normal controls (NC, n=10) admitted to the Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University in 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All 85 subjects underwent 11C-PIB PET imaging. First, Aβ Negative or positive deposition was qualitatively estimated, and then taking the brainstem as the reference brain area, the maximum standardized uptake value ratio(SUVRmax）of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes of the cerebral cortex Aβ was semi-quantitative measured, and the differences of SUVRmax among AD, MCI, NAD. and NC groups were analyzed. Results  Qualitative judgment showed that there were significant differences between AD group ,NC group, and other groups , but no significant difference between MCI group and NAD group. Semi quantitative analysis showed that for all brain regions (frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe), the SUVRmax value of AD group was significantly higher than that of the other three groups, with a statistically significant difference. In all brain regions, the SUVRmax value of NC group was the lowest, but there was no significant difference in SUVRmax among MCI group,NAD and NC group. Conclusion  Both qualitative and semi quantitative analysis of 11C-PIB PET imaging were of high value in the diagnosis of AD, and semi quantitative analysis showed certain significance in differentiating AD and MCI. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A comparative analysis of 18F-FDG PET/CT and MRI in bone marrow necrosis Song Le, Li Hui, Zhang Weifang Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (1): 36-41.   DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 007 Abstract （394）      PDF（pc） （7052KB）（12）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the fluoro-18-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) features of bone marrow necrosis and improve the understanding of the disease. Methods  The PET/CT and clinical data of 9 patients with bone marrow necrosis diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were retrospectively analyzed. Compared to MRI,the distribution of lesions was summarized. The 18F-FDG metabolic and CT features of the selected largest lesion were analyzed.  Results  There were 6 males and 3 females with a median age of 28.0 years. All patients were diagnosed with lymphoma. MRI scans of the hip,spine and knee were performed in 6,2,and 1 case respectively. The iliac lesions in 6 cases showed internal high signal intensity on T1-weighted images (T1WI),low signal intensity on T2-fat suppressed images (T2FSI),and peripheral linear hypointensity on T1WI. The iliac lesions in 5 cases demonstrated internal decreased 18F-FDG metabolism,peripheral linear increased 18F-FDG uptake and density on PET/CT. The iliac lesion in one case did not show abnormal 18F-FDG metabolism and density on PET/CT,the lesion was narrow and long on MRI. The vertebral lesions in two cases showed isointensity to hypointensity on T1WI and hyperintensity on T2FSI. On PET/CT,one vertebral lesion was isometabolic with slightly higher density,the other vertebral lesion showed reduced 18F-FDG metabolism with normal density. One femoral lesion showed high signal intensity on T1WI and low signal intensity on T2FSI,with increased 18F-FDG metabolism and density on PET/CT. PET/CT revealed more lesions beyond the scan range of MRI in 8 cases. In 8 cases,abnormal signs were demonstrated on much earlier PET/CT scans performed at a median time about 13.5 (8.25,32.75) months before the MRI scan,but no one complained of any related discomfort at that time. The iliac lesions in 5 cases had decreased 18F-FDG uptake,of which 3 lesions showed peripheral linear high-density,and 2 lesions showed no abnormal density. The iliac lesion in one case did not show abnormal 18F-FDG metabolism and density. One vertebral lesion showed reduced metabolism and isodensity. In the case with knee MRI,the earlier PET/CT showed multiple linear increased 18F-FDG uptake in the bilateral femoral heads and the humerus heads,without abnormal density. During follow up PET/CT scans,the femoral head lesions in 3 cases showed cortical fracture and collapse,the vertebral lesions 2 cases demonstrated multiple Schmorl's nodules or compression fracture. Conclusion  Decreased 18F-FDG uptake,with probably subsequent peripheral linear increased metabolism and density,is a common PET/CT feature of bone marrow necrosis. PET/CT is helpful to detect bone marrow necrosis and find multiple skeletal lesions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status and prospect of cardiovascular fibroblast imaging Li Lina, Yang Minfu Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (1): 46-51.   DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 009 Abstract （392）      PDF（pc） （464KB）（22）       Knowledge map    Save Myocardial fibrosis is a common pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases and is closely related to poor prognosis of the cardiac disease. At present,there are limitations in clinical evaluation techniques for myocardial fibrosis,such as being invasive,lacking specificity,and unable to diagnose early. In recent years,nuclide imaging targeting activated fibroblasts has received attention for its potential in detecting myocardial fibrosis and in evaluating disease progression and treatment response. Based on the existing studies,the present paper focuses on its application status,advantages and limitations,and discusses its prospects in cardiovascular diseases,aiming to provide reference and inspiration  to promote the application of targeted activated fibroblast radionuclide imaging in cardiovascular diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The gain value of pinhole collimator in parathyroid imaging Li Meng, Li Mei, Luo Sha, Wang Shuang, Zhang Juan, Luo Shiyu, Xian Junfang Journal of Capital Medical University    DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 005 Accepted: 21 March 2024

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Factors associated with preoperative 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT in patients with suspected primary hyperparathyroidism Guo Yuehong, Huang Jingwei, Zhang Teng, Yang Minfu Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (1): 31-35.   DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 006 Abstract （387）      PDF（pc） （1453KB）（17）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the influencing factors of preoperative 99mTc-MIBI single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography（SPECT/CT） in patients with suspected primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Methods  A total of 257 patients with suspected PHPT who underwent preoperative MIBI SPECT/CT from January 2019 to August 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. The laboratory examination,pathological features,and imaging features between the positive and negative MIBI SPECT/CT groups were compared to each other. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of MIBI SPECT/CT results.  Results  The serum total calcium,parathyroid hormone（PTH）,and alkaline phosphatase（ALP） levels were significantly increased in the positive group than the negative group (P < 0.05); The pathological type,maximum diameter,volume,and location of the lesion showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative serum PTH levels,pathological type,location,and maximum diameter of lesions were significantly correlated with positive MIBI SPECT/CT (P < 0.05). Conclusion  The preoperative MIBI SPECT/CT in patients with suspected PHPT were affected by multiple factors. The preoperative serum PTH level,pathological type,location and the maximum diameter of the lesion were independent factors for MIBI SPECT/CT.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application value of standardized nursing in multi-tracers imaging of nuclear medicine department Yang Yu, Qiao Hongwen, Shuai Dongmei, Cui Chunlei, Ma Suwen, Zhang Chun, Lu Jie Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (1): 42-45.   DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 008 Abstract （383）      PDF（pc） （418KB）（5）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the application value of standardized nursing in multi-tracers imaging of nuclear medicine department. Methods  One hundred and ten patients who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) with various tracer imaging techniques at the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from June 2020 to November 2020 were selected as the study subjects. According to the random number table method,the subjects were divided into an observation group and a control group. The control group received routine care,while the observation group received standardized care on the basis of routine care. The Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) score and satisfaction survey score of two groups were compared.  Results  All 110 subjects successfully completed the examination process of tracer injection,image acquisition,and post acquisition observation,without any adverse events. After confirmation by clinical doctors,the obtained images met the diagnostic requirements. There was no statistically significant difference in gender and age between the two groups (P>0.05). The SAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (t=16.310,P<0.01), but the nursing satisfaction score was higher than that of the control group (t=4.348,P<0.01). Conclusion  The standardized nursing in nuclear medicine multi-tracers imaging can reduce patients' anxiety,improve nursing satisfaction,ensure smooth completion of examinations within a limited time window,and obtain high-quality images. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in the pathophysiology of diabetes retinopathy Feng Xiaotong, Ke Jing, Zhu Lin, Zhao Dong Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (3): 420-423.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.03.010 Abstract （272）      PDF（pc） （376KB）（138）       Knowledge map    Save Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the important causes of blindness in adults, seriously threatens the life quality of patients with diabetes mellitus and brings heavy economic burden to the society. Previous studies have shown that the impairment of neurovascular unit (NVU) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of DR, including retinal vascular endothelial cells damage, impairment of cell junctions, loss of pericytes, pericyte-endothelial cells communication impairment and so on. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Gender differences and the prediction of type 1 diabetes incidence rate in Beijing from 2013 to 2018 Liu Chang, Guo Moning, Yuan Yingchao, Zheng Jianpeng, Yang Jinkui Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (3): 370-374.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.03.002 Abstract （233）      PDF（pc） （1961KB）（52）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To study the incidence of type 1 diabetes （T1DM） among males and females among permanent residents in Beijing from 2013 to 2018. Methods From 2013 to 2018, 4 275 new patients with T1DM were diagnosed in 153 centers in 16 districts of Beijing (representing a permanent population of about 20.12 million people per year). The annual incidence of T1DM and the annual incidence rate with 95% confidence interval (CI) by age group and gender were calculated by using Poisson regression and other methods. The relationship was evaluated between the incidence trend of T1DM and the age and gender. We use the gray prediction model (1, 1) ［GM (1, 1)］ to predict the incidence of T1DM in the future. Results The incidence of T1DM in the permanent population of Beijing increased from 3.10 per 100 000 ［95%CI: 3.10 (2.90, 3.30) ］ to 3.60  per 100 000 ［95%CI: 3.60 (3.56, 3.86) ］ within 6 years. The incidence of T1DM increased in both male and female ［annual percentage change (APC) in male: 3.96%, APC in female: 4.4%, (P<0.05)］.  Gender was a risk factor affecting the incidence of T1DM. By 2024, the incidence of new T1DM in Beijing would increase to 4.96  per 100 000 for male, and  for female  5.10  per 100 000. Conclusion The incidence of T1DM in Beijing is relatively low, but the incidence of T1DM in both males and females is increasing rapidly. The incidence of males is higher than that of females, but the incidence of females is more obvious, which urgently needs the attention of the society and the government. Further surveillance and research is needed to better understand possible risk factors and develop prevention strategies. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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ood practices in Mendelian randomization： common designs, key challenges, and optimization in Mendelian randomization analysis Wang Jing, Zhang Guoyan, Cheng Shan Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 1087-1094.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.027 Abstract （224）      PDF（pc） （529KB）（100）       Knowledge map    Save Mendelian randomization (MR) is a causal inference method that utilizes genetic variations as instrumental variables to investigate the causal relationships between exposures (various factors) and outcomes (diseases or phenotypes). This article discusses the fundamental assumptions of MR methods in biomedical research, common designs, key challenges, optimizations and the future prospects of MR. The article introduces the core assumptions of MR methods and how to select common MR design types in biomedical research. Furthermore, the article discusses the key challenges currently faced by MR studies and their solutions, such as how to select instrumental variables that meet the core assumptions, how to choose causal estimation methods in MR, and how to interpret MR results biologically. In addition, the article suggests some directions for future research. As a powerful tool, MR contributes to exploring causal relationships, selecting therapeutic intervention targets, and conducting long-term population-based intervention studies. While MR cannot fully replace randomized controlled trials, it has a wide  application in biomedical research and clinical practice, helping us to deeply understand the complex relationships between health and disease. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics