首都医科大学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 173-177.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2018.02.004

• 影像新技术的临床与科研应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

双能CT在急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗术后早期脑出血与碘对比剂外渗鉴别诊断中的应用

郭爽1,2, 李清1, 吴芳1, 刘佳宾1, 李岩1, 杜祥颖1, 卢洁1, 李坤成1   

  1. 1. 首都医科大学宣武医院放射科 磁共振成像脑信息学北京市重点实验室, 北京 100053;
    2. 北京中医药大学东方医院放射科, 北京 100078
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-27 出版日期:2018-03-21 发布日期:2018-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 李坤成 E-mail:liuyue20136@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81671651),北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才培养计划(2015-3-082),北京市属医院科研培育计划项目(PX2016035)。

Application of dual-energy CT in differentiating hemorrhage from contrast medium extravasation after endovascualr treatment of acute ischemic stroke

Guo Shuang1,2, Li Qing1, Wu Fang1, Liu Jiabin1, Li Yan1, Du Xiangying1, Lu Jie1, Li Kuncheng1   

  1. 1. Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Cab of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing 100053, China;
    2. Department of Radiology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Beijing 100078, China
  • Received:2018-02-27 Online:2018-03-21 Published:2018-04-14
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81671651),Beijing Health System Top Level Health Technical Personnel Training Plan(2015-3-082),Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program(PX2016035).

摘要: 目的 探讨双能CT在急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗术后鉴别早期脑出血及碘对比剂外渗中的应用价值。方法 连续收集急性缺血性卒中接受血管内治疗并于术后24 h内行双能CT扫描患者。由双能扫描获得单纯融合图像(mixed energy images,MIX),虚拟平扫图像(virtual unenhanced non-contrast,VNC)及碘叠加图像(iodine overlay maps,IOM),经综合分析确定诊断。术后72 h行常规平扫CT随访。以术后72 h结果为标准评价双能CT鉴别出血的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确率。在MIX图像上测量出血及碘对比剂外渗高密度区的CT值,并进行受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析,获取鉴别出血和对比剂外渗的cutoff值并评价其准确性。结果 共60例患者接受双能CT检查,其中30例各图像均未见脑内高密度。30例[男性22例,女性8例,年龄40~80岁,平均年龄(62.4±10.1)岁]MIX图像见高密度,其中双能CT图像综合分析诊断出血15例,对比剂外渗14例,出血合并外渗1例,与术后72 h CT随访对照,双能CT识别早期脑出血敏感度为88%、特异度为100%、阳性预测率为100%、阴性预测率为86%、准确率为93%。MIX图像上出血平均CT值为(56.6±11.7) Hu,碘对比剂外渗平均CT值为(90.9±39.9) Hu,ROC分析显示对比剂外渗与出血鉴别的最佳cutoff值为74.0Hu,CT值测量鉴别出血与对比剂外渗的AUC值为0.781(95%CI:0.611~0.950),其敏感度、特异度分别为50%、92.9%(P<0.05)。结论 急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗术后,应采用双能CT鉴别早期脑出血与碘对比剂外渗;在不具备双能扫描条件的情况下,单纯CT值测量能够鉴别大部分出血与对比剂外渗。

关键词: 缺血性脑卒中, 脑出血, 碘对比剂渗出, 双能CT, 血管内治疗

Abstract: Objective To explore the value of dual-energy CT (DE-CT) in differentiating intracerebral hemorrhage from extravasation of iodine contrast medium after endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Methods Patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular treatment and follow-up dual-energy brain CT within 24 hours were included. Mixed energy images (MIX), virtual unenhanced non-contrast images(VNC)and iodine overlay maps (IOM) were reconstructed and evaluated. Follow-up conventional CT 72 hours after intervention was obtained to serve as the reference. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of dual-energy CT to differentiate hemorrhage from contrast extravasation were calculated. CT values of hemorrhage and contrast extravasation on MIX images were measured and ROC analysis was performed to obtain the cut-off value for differential diagnosis with MIX images alone and its accuracy. Results Dual-energy brain CT was performed on 60 patients after endovascular treatment, including 30 cases without intracerebral high density on CT. Among the 30 cases[22 male, 8 female, 40-80 years old, (62.4±10.1 years)] with high density on MIX images, 15 cases of hemorrhage, 14 cases of contrast extravasation and 1 case of hemorrhage with contrast extravasation were diagnosed with dual-energy CT. Compared with CT images 72 hours after intervention, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of diagnosing hemorrhage with dual-energy CT image analysis were 88%, 100%, 100%, 86% and 93%, respectively. The mean CT values of hemorrhage and contrast extravasation on MIX images were (56.6±11.7)Hu and (90.9±39.9)Hu, respectively. Based on ROC analysis, the best cutoff value was 74.0 Hu, the AUC value for differentiating hemorrhage and contrast extravasation with CT value was 0.781 (95% CI:0.661-0.950), (sensitivity 50%, specificity 92.9%). Conclusion DE-CT should be recommended for differentiation of hemorrhage from contrast extravasation after endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke. CT value can be used for differentiation in most occasions when DE-CT was not available.

Key words: acute ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, contrast extravasation, dual-energy CT, endovascular treatment

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