首都医科大学学报 ›› 2004, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 86-88.

• 论著·临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

呼吸内科病原菌的变迁及其敏感性调查

邱小建, 孟琨   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院呼吸内科
  • 收稿日期:2003-02-20 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2004-01-15 发布日期:2004-01-15

Vicissitudes of Clinical Bacteria and their Sensibitities in Pulmonary Department

Qiu Xiaojian, Meng Kun   

  1. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Affiliate of Capital University of Medical Sciences
  • Received:2003-02-20 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2004-01-15 Published:2004-01-15

摘要: 调查近3年来我院呼吸内科病原菌的变迁及其对常用抗生素的敏感性。从痰标本中分离出334株细菌,采用纸片扩散法(Kirby-Bauer法),按NCCLS标准判定敏感菌株。发现:呼吸内科常见病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌(25.4%)、克雷白杆菌(10.8%)、产碱杆菌(10.2%)、大肠杆菌(6.0%)、溶血葡萄球菌(4.2%)、表皮葡萄球菌(3.9%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(2.4%)。对革兰阴性(G-)杆菌有效的抗生素依次为亚胺培南、头孢三代、喹诺酮类、庆大霉素。对革兰阳性(G+)菌有效的抗生素为万古霉素,其中金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌对其敏感性达100%。结果提示:教学医院呼吸内科病房院内感染及细菌耐药问题日益严重,合理应用抗生素及监测细菌耐药性对控制这种局面十分重要,同时应注意增强病人抵抗力及加强消毒隔离措施,防止耐药菌的交叉感染.

关键词: 细菌, 耐药性, 抗生素, 院内感染

Abstract: To investigate the vicissitudes of clinical bacteria and their sensibilities to commonly used antibiotics in pulmonary department of our hospital in the last th ree years, 334 bacteria were isolated from sputum samples. We adopted Kirby-Bau er method and determined sensitive bacteria by NCCLS standard. Common bacteria w ere Pseudomonas aeruginosa(25.4%), Bacillus pneumoniae(10.8%), A.lwoffii(10.2%), E.coli (6.0%), Hemolysis Staphylococcus(4.2%), Staphylococcus epidermidis(3.9 %), S taphylococcus aureus(2.4%). Effective antibiotic to G- bacillus were Imipenem, Cefo, Quinolone and Cidomycin. Effective antibiotic to G+ bacillus was Vancomy cin . Staphylococcus aureas and Epidermidis were all sensitive to it. Nosocomial inf e ctious diseases and drug resistance are more and more serious in teaching hospit al. They are relevant to patient's condition and antibiotic abuse. Reasonable ap plication of Antibiotic and monitoring drug resistance is very important to cont rol the situation.

Key words: bacteria, sensitivity, antibiotic, nosocomial infectious disease

中图分类号: