首都医科大学学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 166-171.

• 神经病学专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

视神经炎和早期多发性硬化患者的认知损害研究

彭静婷, 张晓君*, 高玉红, 孙厚亮, 孙彦斌, 路阳, 赤克美   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-04-21 发布日期:2010-04-21
  • 通讯作者: 张晓君

Cognitive Impairment in Optic Neuritis and Early Stage of Multiple Sclerosis

PENG Jing-ting, ZHANG Xiao-jun*, GAO Yu-hong, SUN Hou-liang, SUN Yan-bin, LU Yang, CHI Ke-mei   

  1. Department of Neurology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-04-21 Published:2010-04-21
  • Contact: ZHANG Xiao-jun

摘要: 目的 探究特发性脱髓鞘性视神经炎(idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis,IDON)和早期多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)患者认知功能损害的形式、特点。方法 收集首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院神经内科2007年6月至2008年3月诊治IDON连续病例57例,根据头颅MRI表现分为视神经炎伴脑白质病灶组(IDON with abnormal MRI,IDON-A)和视神经炎不伴脑白质病灶组(IDON with normal MRI,IDON-N);另收集病程≤5年且扩展功能障碍状态量表(expanded disability status scale,EDSS)评分≤4.0分的MS病例20例组成早期MS组。所有入组患者和健康对照接受神经心理学测验系统评价注意力及信息处理速度、执行功能、记忆、定向、计算、语言、视空间功能等认知功能。结果 神经心理学研究发现,IDON-A组及MS组的注意力、信息处理速度、言语和空间记忆力较IDON-N组及正常对照显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000,0.001,0.003,0.018,0.036);IDON-A组及MS组的执行功能较正常对照组损害明显(P=0.000,0.001,0.036,0.020),与IDON-N组比较差异无统计学意义。IDON-A组与早期MS组所有成绩差异均无统计学意义;IDON-N组大部分测验成绩与对照组比较差异无统计学意义。IDON和早期MS患者的认知损害与病程长短、神经功能缺损具有弱相关性。结论 IDON患者和早期MS患者已有明确认知损害,主要包括信息处理速度、注意力、执行功能、言语和空间记忆力等方面。

关键词: 视神经炎, 多发性硬化, 认知障碍, 神经心理学测验

Abstract: Objective To evaluate cognitive impairment in idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis(IDON) and early stage of multiple sclerosis(MS). Methods A Consecutive group of 57 IDON patients were divided into 2 groups according to presence(IDON-A) or absence(IDON-N) of abnormal brain MRI. Twenty MS patients with the course of disease shorter than 5 years and minor physical disabilities(EDSS≤4 scores) were included as early MS group. A battery of neuropsychological tests were performed. Results Information processing speed, attention, verbal and spatial memory function in the IDON-A and MS groups were found worse than IDON-N and control groups(P=0.000, 0.001, 0.003, 0.018, 0.036). Executive function was statistically worse(P=0.000, 0.001, 0.036, 0.020) in IDON-A and MS groups than in control group, but not significantly different from IDON-N group. No significant differences were found between the IDON-N group and control group in almost all neuropsychological tests. Cognitive functions were weakly correlated with disease duration and EDSS scores. Conclusion Cognitive capacity damage, especially information processing speed, attention, verbal and spatial memory, executive function, can appear in very early stage of MS and even in clinical IDON stage.

Key words: optic neuritis, multiple sclerosis, cognitive dysfunction, neuropsychological tests

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