Abstract: Vena cava, including superior and inferior vena cava, is the largest vessels of human beings. This article summarizes history of vena cava diseases, their clinical manifestation and treatment progress. The disorder of the superior vena cava is represented by superior vena cava syndrome, while the disorders of the inferior vena cava include Budd-Chiari syndrome and inferior vena cava syndrome.

Key words: vena cava, superior vena cava syndrome, Budd-Chiari syndrome, inferior vena cava syndrome