鄂尔多斯市气传致敏花粉分布与过敏性疾病就诊关系分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.06.019

首都医科大学学报

• 临床研究 • 上一篇

鄂尔多斯市气传致敏花粉分布与过敏性疾病就诊关系分析

宁慧宇^1,2,3＃，杨美荣^4＃，梁源园⁴，马婷婷³，王向东^1,2，刘磊⁵，李树林^4*，王学艳^3*，张罗^1,2,6*

1.首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科，北京 100730；2.北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所过敏性疾病北京实验室（北京市教育委员会）/慢性鼻病新药及诊断技术研发北京市重点实验室，北京 100005；3.首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院变态反应科/变态反应中心/变态反应研究所，北京 100038；4.鄂尔多斯市第二人民医院变态反应中心，内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯 017000；5.首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院科技处，北京 100038；6.首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院变态反应科，北京 100730

收稿日期:2025-05-20 修回日期:2025-07-04 出版日期:2025-12-19 发布日期:2025-12-19
通讯作者: 李树林,王学艳,张罗 E-mail:dr.luozhang@139.com；wangxueyan2018@163.com; 13947373737@163.com
基金资助:
鄂尔多斯市科技计划“揭榜挂帅”项目（JBGS-2021-006），北京市卫生系统高层次公共卫生人才建设项目领军人才（01-08，02-09），首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院“十四五”期间人才培养项目（领军人才）（2023LJRCWXY）。

Association between airborne allergenic pollen distribution and allergic diseases in Ordos city

Ning Huiyu^1,2,3＃, Yang Meirong^4＃, Liang Yuanyuan⁴, Ma Tingting³, Wang Xiangdong^1,2, Liu Lei⁵, Li Shulin^4*, Wang Xueyan^3*, Zhang Luo^1,2,6*

1.Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; 2. Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory of New Medicine and Diagnostic Technology Research for Nasal Disease, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology，Beijing 100005, China; 3. Department of Allergy, Allergy Center, Allergy Research Institute, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China; 4. Allergy Center, Ordos Second People’s Hospital, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 5.Scientific Research Office, Beijing Shiyjitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China; 6.Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China

Received:2025-05-20 Revised:2025-07-04 Online:2025-12-19 Published:2025-12-19
Supported by:
This study was supported by Science and Technology Plan “Open list” Project of Ordos City (JBGS-2021-006), Special Funds for the Construction of High-level Public Health Technical Talents (Lingjunrencai-01-08, Lingjunrencai-02-09), Talent Cultivation Project of Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University during the“14th Five-year Plan” Period (Leading Talents) (2023LJRCWXY).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨鄂尔多斯市主要气传致敏花粉分布与过敏性疾病就诊诊次的关系。方法应用重力沉降法监测2023年6月1日至2024年5月31日期间鄂尔多斯市每日花粉种类及浓度。通过医院系统统计同期每日全院门诊诊断为过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis，AR)、过敏性哮喘(allergic asthma，AA)和过敏性结膜炎(allergic conjunctivitis，AC)的诊次。对就诊诊次与花粉浓度进行Spearman相关性分析。结果 ①鄂尔多斯市全年每个月均有气传致敏花粉飘散，年花粉浓度是66 628粒/1 000 mm2，花粉月分布呈现两个高峰，春季3~5月份以杨属、松属、榆属、桦木属、柏科等树木花粉为主；夏秋季7~9月份以蒿属、藜/苋科、禾本科和葎草/大麻属等杂草花粉为主。②AR就诊高峰期出现在春季4~5月份和夏秋季7~9月份，夏秋季就诊诊次明显高于春季。AA和AC就诊高峰仅出现在夏秋季。③鄂尔多斯市全年和夏秋季7~9月份的日花粉总浓度、夏秋季4类主要致敏花粉浓度与日就诊总诊次、AR日就诊诊次、AA日就诊诊次和AC日就诊诊次均呈正相关（P＜0.05）。春季3~5月份的日花粉总浓度、松属及桦木属花粉浓度与日就诊总诊次、AR日就诊诊次正相关（P＜0.05）。结论鄂尔多斯市花粉分布呈现春季和夏秋季两个高峰。AR、AA和AC在夏秋季均出现就诊高峰。提示夏秋季是鄂尔多斯市花粉相关过敏性疾病的高发期，蒿属花粉是最主要致敏花粉。

关键词: 花粉, 过敏性鼻炎, 过敏性哮喘, 过敏性结膜炎, 花粉浓度, 蒿属花粉

Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between the distribution of major airborne sensitized pollen and the number of visits for allergic diseases in Ordos city. Methods Daily airborne allergenic pollen monitoring was performed by gravitational method June 1,2023 to May 31,2024 in Ordos city. The number of outpatients with allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic asthma (AA) or allergic conjunctivitis (AC) who visited the hospital was collected. Relationship between pollen and the number of visits of patients with each disease was analyzed by Spearman index. Results ①The airborne allergenic pollen was collected every month all year round in Ordos city. Through the whole year of the total quantity of pollens was 66 628 grains/1 000 mm2 and two peaks of pollen concentration in air were observed，which happened in spring (from March to May) and in summer and autumn(from July to September). In spring, the main pollens were tree pollens, which principally distributed in Populus pollen, Pinus pollen, Ulmus pollen, Betula pollen and Cupressaceae pollen. In summer and autumn, the main pollens were weed pollens, which mainly included Artemisia pollen, Chenopodiaceae pollen or Amaranthaceae pollen, Poaceae pollen, Humulus pollen or Cannabis pollen. ②The peak of AR visits occurred in spring (from March to May)and in summer and autumn(from July to September), and the number of visits in summer and autumn was significantly higher than that in spring. The peak of AA and AC visits occurred only in summer and autumn. ③In Ordos city, the total daily pollen concentration and the concentration of four major allergenic pollens in summer and autumn (from July to September) were positively correlated with the total daily visits, AR daily visits, AA daily visits and AC daily visits. In spring (from March to May), the total daily pollen concentration, the pollen concentration of Pinus and Betula were positively correlated with the total daily visits and AR daily visits. Conclusion The pollen distribution in Ordos city showed two peaks in spring and summer and autumn. AR, AA and AC showed peak visits in summer and autumn. It is suggested that summer and autumn are the high occurrence period of pollen-related allergic diseases in Ordos city, and Artemisia pollen is the most important allergenic pollen.

Key words: pollen, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, pollen concentration, Artemisia pollen

中图分类号:

R765

宁慧宇, 杨美荣, 梁源园, 马婷婷, 王向东, 刘磊, 李树林, 王学艳, 张罗. 鄂尔多斯市气传致敏花粉分布与过敏性疾病就诊关系分析[J]. 首都医科大学学报, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.06.019.

Ning Huiyu, Yang Meirong, Liang Yuanyuan, Ma Tingting, Wang Xiangdong, Liu Lei, Li Shulin, Wang Xueyan, Zhang Luo. Association between airborne allergenic pollen distribution and allergic diseases in Ordos city[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.06.019.

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鄂尔多斯市气传致敏花粉分布与过敏性疾病就诊关系分析

Association between airborne allergenic pollen distribution and allergic diseases in Ordos city

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