Role of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone in chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.02.012

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of thyroxine (T3) and retinoic acid (RA) on chondrogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Methods Porcine BMSCs were cultured and induced in three conditioned medium: control group was treated chondrogenic medium ［with 10^－7 mol/L dexamethasone and 10 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)］. RA group was treated chondrogenic medium plus 1 μmol/L RA. T3 group was treated chondrogenic medium plus 100 nmol/L T3. BMSCs proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay in a monolayer way. BMSCs pellets in the two groups were harvested after 4 weeks and were evaluated with histological staining and semi-quantitative gene expression analysis. Results BMSCs proliferation in T3 group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). BMSCs proliferation in RA group was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05). Lacuna-like structure and positive staining of toluidine blue were observed in BMSCs pellets of control group but not in RA group. Better lacuna like structure and positive staining of toluidine blue were observed in BMSCs pellets of T3 group. Expressions of marker genes of chondrogenesis, such as Col Ⅱ, aggrecan and Sox 9, were significantly decreased in RA group compared with control group at week 4, while expression of Col X, a marker gene of hypertrophy, was significantly increased in RA group. The expressions of osteogenesis-related genes Col Ⅰ and Runx 2 also decreased markedly (P<0.05). Expressions of Col Ⅱ, aggrecan and Sox9 were significantly increased in T3 group compared with control group at week 4, and expression of Col X was significantly increased in T3 group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the gene expressions of Col Ⅰ and Runx2 between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion RA inhibited proliferation and chondrogensis of BMSCs. T3 promoted the proliferation and chondrogenesis of BMSCs, but induced the hypertrophy of chondrocytes differentiated from BMSCs.

Key words: retinoic acid, thyroid, , chondrogenesis, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, endochondral bone formation

CLC Number:

Yin Hongyu , Wei Hua, Liu Jinchun. Role of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone in chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2023, 44(2): 258-264.

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URL: https://journal03.magtech.org.cn/Jweb_sdykdxxb/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.02.012

https://journal03.magtech.org.cn/Jweb_sdykdxxb/EN/Y2023/V44/I2/258

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