The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance mechanisms and their clinical significance

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.06.025

Journal of Capital Medical University ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 1152-1156.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.06.025

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The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance mechanisms and their clinical significance

Yu Minghang^1,2,3,4, Wang Jianxin^1,2,3, Xia Miaoran⁵, Chen Ping⁵, Wang Xi^1,2,3,4*

1.National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China；2.Beijing Key Laboratory of Viral Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China； 3.Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100015, China; 4.Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; 5.Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China

Received:2025-10-20 Revised:2025-10-24 Online:2025-12-21 Published:2025-12-19

Abstract

Abstract: On October 6, 2025, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has once again been conferred upon the field of immunology. The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute has awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to American scientists Mary E.Brunkow and Fred Ramsdell, and Japanese scientist Shimon Sakaguchi in recognition of their pioneering discoveries concerning mechanisms of peripheral immune tolerance. This article presents the biographies of the three scientists, summarizes their major scientific contributions, and highlights the significance of their findings.

Key words: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, central immune tolerance, peripheral immune tolerance, Treg, Foxp3, immunotherapy

CLC Number:

R392.1

Yu Minghang, Wang Jianxin, Xia Miaoran, Chen Ping, Wang Xi. The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance mechanisms and their clinical significance[J]. Journal of Capital Medical University, 2025, 46(6): 1152-1156.

References

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The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance mechanisms and their clinical significance

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