Abstract: Objective  To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunosuppressants in the treatment of stage non-small cell lung cancer. Methods  Totally 53 patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer in the Sixth Medical Center of the General Hospital from January 2021 to February 2024 were selected to assess the safety during treatment and the efficacy at the end of treatment. Results  The imaging evaluation showed that 8 patients had complete response,34 patients had partial response, 8 patients had stable disease, and 3 patients had progressive disease. The objective remission rate was 79.2%, and the disease control rate was 94.3%. After neoadjuvant therapy, all 53 patients underwent minimally invasive thoracoscopic tumor resection after imaging and department discussion, and no patients converted to thoracotomy, 10 patients had postoperative complications, with the incidence of 18.7%, and only 1 patient died of respiratory failure caused by severe pulmonary infection after surgery. Histopathological evaluation showed that there were 15 cases of complete response, 32 cases of partial response, 5 cases of stable disease, 1 case of disease progression, and 33 cases (62.3%) of the major pathological response, with the objective response rate of 88.7% and the disease control rate of 98.1%. The adverse reactions were mainly grade 1 and 2, and only 3 patients of grade 3 adverse events, and no grade 4 adverse reactions occurred.   Conclusion  Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, and is worthy of further promotion and application.

Key words: non-small cell lung cancer, neoadjuvant therapy, immunotherapy, efficacy, safety