Journal of Capital Medical University ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 702-709.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2025.04.018

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Correlation between serum glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B levels and disease severity and prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Guo Yu1, Chen Weiguan2,3, Zhou Sanlian2,3, Tang Liqiao1, Sun Wangyan1, Zhang Dongmei4, Lu Hongjian2,3*   

  1. 1.School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University,Nantong University, Nantong 226007, Jiangsu Province, China;2.Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Nantong First People's Hospital,Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; 3.Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; 4.Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2024-12-13 Online:2025-08-21 Published:2025-09-01
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by National Key Research and Development Program（2022YFC2405605），Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221274),China's University Industry Research and Innovation Fund （Huatong Guokang Medical Research Special Project 2023HT042）.

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Abstract: Objective  This study mainly focuses on the relationship between the serum glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) concentration and the degree of neurological damage and prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and screens potential biomarkers to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods  A total of 105 AIS patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of the Hospital 2 of Nantong University from June 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the sample group. In this study, the patients were divided into mild group (n=42) and moderate to severe group (n=63) according to the National Institutes of Health Strobe Scale (NIHSS) score within 24 hours of admission. The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the functional recovery 3 months after discharge. The samples were subdivided into good prognosis group (n=34) and poor prognosis group (n=71). The serum GPNMB protein level was detected by ELISA, and the correlation between serum GPNMB protein level and NIHSS and mRS scores was analyzed. The binary Logistic regression model was used to evaluate the predictive value and prognostic evaluation value of serum GPNMB protein level for AIS neurological function damage. Results  The serum GPNMB protein concentration in patients with moderate to severe neurological impairment and poor prognosis was significantly lower than that in patients with mild and good prognosis (P<0.05). The serum GPNMB protein level was significantly negatively correlated with the NIHSS score (r=－0.196, P<0.05) and the mRS score (r=－0.334, P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that GPNMB was still a key independent risk factor for AIS (P<0.05). The evaluation results obtained based on the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that the serum GPNMB protein level had diagnostic value in predicting neurological impairment and poor prognosis (sensitivity reached 55.6%, specificity was 81.8%, and the overall accuracy was 63.81%, P<0.05).Conclusion  There is a significant positive correlation between the decrease in serum GPNMB protein concentration and the degree of neurological damage in AIS patients, and it is likely to become an important biological indicator for measuring the severity of the disease and long-term prognosis.

Key words: glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B, ischemic stroke, neurological deficit, prognosis, prediction, National Institutes of Health Strobe Scale, Modified Rankin Scale

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