Table of Content

21 June 2009, Volume 30 Issue 3

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特别关注

Molecular Characteristics of A(H1N1) Influenza Virus

LI Gang

2009, 30(3):  267-270.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.001

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The recent outbreak of the novel strain of influenza A(H1N1) virus has raised a global concern of the future risk of a pandemic. The taxonomy, structure, replication and protein function of influenza A(H1N1) virus were discussed. The novel strain of influenza A(H1N1) virus which is the product of antigenic drift and antigenic shift of influenza A virus is resistable to adamantane but sensitive to Timiflu.

Expression of Splicing Factor SF2/ASF in Childhood Leukemia Cell

GAO Hui-fang;ZHANG Han;PEI Pei;LIU Yi;LI Zhi-gang;JIANG Jin;ZHANG Rui-dong;GAO Chao;QI Yu;ZHENG Hu-yong;

2009, 30(3):  273-276.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.003

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Objective To investigate the expression of splicing factor SF2/ASF in pediatric acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL) cells and in leukemia cell lines treated with chemotherapeutic agents. Methods The protein levels of SF2/ASF were measured in bone marrow samples during preliminary diagnosis and complete remission(CR) B-ALL children by Western blotting; the protein levels of SF2/ASF, before and after vincristine and cytarabine treatment of B-ALL cell line of NALM-6, were also detected by Western blotting. Results Western blotting showed there was a strong SF2/ASF expression in children with preliminarily diagnosed B-ALL children compared with that in children who had complete remission and in children of the control group composed of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) cases; high expression of SF2/ASF was detected in NALM-6 cell lines, but the expression reduced after treatment with cytarabine and vincristine. Conclusion Splicing factor SF2/ASF was expressed significantly higher in bone marrow of B-ALL children and leukemia cells, but was down-regulated in CR patients and in B-ALL cells treated with cytarabine and vincristine, indicating that SF2/ASF is a practical marker for monitoring outcome of B-ALL treatment.

肿瘤学

Urinary Proteomic Analysis for Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Prostatic Hyperplasia

ZHAO Xu-hong;TIAN Ye;JIN Sheng;WANG Wen-ying;ZHANG Man

2009, 30(3):  277-281.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.004

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Objective Prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) can not be differentiated by serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in clinical medicine, especially when the level of PSA is in the range of 4 μg/L~10 μg/L. To find out some methods for differential diagnosis, proteomic analysis was made on proteins precipitated from urine specimens of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Methods Proteins were precipitated with acetone from urine specimens of 3 cases with benign prostatic hyperplasia, 3 cases with prostate cancer, and 3 healthy persons. Then proteins were separated with two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(2D-PAGE). The proteins were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting. Results Via the analysis, 20 spots were obtained and a total of 17 different proteins were identified, including serum albumin, plasma retinol-binding protein precursor etc. Conclusion Proteomic analysis of urinary protein is a promising tool to study benign prostatic hyperplasia and may become a potential diagnostic biomarker.

Expression of Lung-resistance Protein, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and HER-2 in Breast Infiltrating Duct Cancer and Its Clinical Significance

LIN Fang-cai;LI Qiu-yang;SUN Xin;Wu Fang;CHEN Hui-li;SU Chun-xiang

2009, 30(3):  282-284.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.005

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Objective To investigate expression of lung-resistance protein(LRP), epidermal growth factor receptor(EGRR) and HER-2 in breast infiltrating duct carcinoma, and evaluate its clinical significance. Methods Expression of LRP, EGFR, HER-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in breast cancer tissues from 76 patients were detected by using immunohistochemical techique. Results 1) The positive rate of LRP, EGFR, HER-2, and VEGF were 35.53%, 15.79% and 25%, respectively. There was no significant correlation among these factors in expression. 2) The expression of LRP was negatively correlated with the grade of tumor. 3) The expression of LRP, EGFR, HER-2 and VEGF was not correlated with lymph node metastasis. Conclusion Expression of LRP may play an important role in the malignant progression of the breast cancer, and could be used to judge the grade of breast cancer.

Association Between the Expression of O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase and Ki-67 in Glioma Tissues and Prognosis of Patients with Glioma

XU Li;CUI Yun;LI Gui-lin;JIANG Tao

2009, 30(3):  285-288.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.006

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Objective To study the expressions of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT) and Ki-67 in glioma tissues and to evaluate the relationship between the expression of MGMT, Ki-67 and prognosis. Methods The gender, age, pre-operation Karnofsky performance status and progression-free survival time and overall survival time of 79 patients with gliomas were recorded, and then the expressions of Ki-67 and MGMT were tested by immunohistochemical technique for paraffin sections. Correlation of Ki-67 and MGMT with progression-free survival time and overall survival time was analyzed by multiple stepwise regression procedure. The comparision of Kaplan-meier survival curves of progression-free survival time and overall survival time according to MGMT expression was analyzed by log-rank method. Results No correlations were found among gender, age, pre-operation Karnofsky performance status and Ki-67 labeling index with progression-free survival time and overall survival time in the patients gliomas(P＞0.05). Negative correlation was confirmed between MGMT labeling index and progression-free survival time(r=0.074, P＜0.05), statistically significant correlation was also demonstrated between MGMT labeling index and overall survival time(r=-0.127, P＜0.001). According to MGMT labeling index, all patients were divided into two groups, MGMT labeling index ≤15% and MGMT labeling index ＞15%. Both progression-free survival time and overall survival time were significantly different between the two groups(P＜0.05 and P=0.001, respectively). Conclusion There was no correlation between Ki-67 antigen expression in glioma tissues and patient prognosis. MGMT expression in gliomas is correlated with patient progression-free survival time and overall survival time, so immunohistochemical assessment of MGMT may help predict patients' prognosis in clinical practice.

Clinical Significance of Ornithine Decarboxylase Overexpression in Ovarian Carcinoma

DING Xiang;LI Hong-xia

2009, 30(3):  289-292.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.007

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Objective To study the overexpression of ornithine decarboxylase(ODC) gene in different types of ovarian tissues, which include normal ovarian tissues surrounding tumors, ovarian binign and ovarian carcinomas, and to determine the role of ODC overexpression in ovarian cancer development and progression. Methods We analyzed ODC gene expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in invasive ovarian carcinoma tissues from 40 cases, normal ovarian tissues surrounding tumors from 15 cases and in ovarian benign tumors from 15 cases. The expression of ODC gene was compared in different ovarian tissues. Results Expression of ODC gene was observed in 26.67%(4 of 15) normal ovarian tissues surrounding tumors, 0 %(0 of 15) ovarian benign tumors, and 65%(26 of 40) ovarian carcinomas. The results confirmed that expression of ODC gene was common in the majority of ovarian carcinomas. Compared to normal ovarian tissues surrounding tumors and ovarian benign tumors, expression of ODC gene was significantly high in ovarian carcinomas(P<0.05), but the expression of ODC in normal ovarian tissues surrounding tumors and ovarian benign tumors were at the same level. ODC expression rate in serous carcinoma was 83.33％, significantly higher than that in the other tumor types(50.00％, P=0.028). ODC expression rate in Stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ tumors was 54.55%, which included 2 strongly positive samples. In stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ of tumors, ODC expression rate was 68.97%, which included 17 strongly positive samples. There was no significant difference between the two groups(P=0.469). But the strongly positive rates in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ tumors were 58.62％ and 18.18％, respectively, the difference between them was significant(P=0.034). ODC expression rate was 20% in highly-moderately differentiated tumors, and 64% in poorly differentiated tumors, the difference was significant(P=0.018). Conclusion Overexpression of ODC gene is associated with ovarian cancer development and progression.

Comparison of Three Imaging Methods in the Early Diagnosis of the Breast Cancer

XU Guang-zhong;LI Kai;FENG Guo-sheng

2009, 30(3):  293-297.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.008

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Objective To study the value of 3 different imaging methods in the early diagnosis of breast cancer and differential diagnosis of benign versus malignant nature of breast tumors. Methods Three hundred and ten patients with breast disease seen from 2004 to 2008 were randomly selected in this study. Diagnosis of all the patients were confirmed by means of surgery and pathological examinations, and all the patients were examined by high frequency ultrasound and mammography before operation. Using the results of pathologic examination as the gold standard, the authors compared the result of high frequency ultrasound with that of mammography, and compared the result of any one method with the combined results of the other two. The authors also reviewed the results of 20 patients with breast carcinoma in whom magnetic resonance imaging was additionally applied to see its value in the diagnosis on breast carcinoma. Results The rate of consistency of the ultrasound on diagnosing breast carcinoma was 85 percent, while that of breast benign disease was 89.5 percent. The rate of consistency of the mammography on diagnosing breast carcinoma was 86 percent, while that of breast benign disease was 83.8 percent. The ultrasound could identify 85 of the 100 cases with breast carcinoma. While the mammography could make diagnosis for 86 of 100 patients with breast carcinoma. The combination of the both could make diagnosis for 95 of the 100 patients with breast carcinoma. In the 20 patients with breast carcinoma who were examined by magnetic resonance imaging, the accordance rate for diagnosis with the combination of the three was 100 percent. Though no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy was found between the ultrasound and the mammography, the combination of the both could greatly elevate the diagnosis accuracy. Conclusion 1 The combination of mammography and high frequency ultrasound can be the first choice of methods to diagnose breast carcinoma in the early stage; 2 MRI can be a good supplement to mammography and high frequency ultrasound; 3 Mammography has great importance in diagnosing breast precancerosis-breast atypical hyperplasia, it is a much better method to diagnose breast atypical hyperplasia.

Current Status and Progress of Surgical Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

ZHI Xiu-yi;CHEN Dong-hong

2009, 30(3):  298-305.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.009

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide in both men and women. Although the history of surgical treatment for lung cancer has been over 70 years and there have been great refinements in the staging and classification of lung cancer and advances in stage identification using minimally invasive technology, no dramatic improvements in the 5-year survival rates have been achieved. The treatment and prevention of lung cancer are major unmet needs that can better understanding of the mechanism and evolution of the disease will probably improve the treatment and prevention of lung cancer. Advances in preoperative staging and thoracic surgical techniques have reduced invasive procedures related to lung cancer diagnosis, staging, and treatment. This review will focus on major recent advances in the minimally invasive techniques for lung cancer staging, surgical technique and multimodality treatment for lung cancer. These progresses have facilitated defining optimal therapy and improving prognosis via individualized comprehensive treatment of lung cancer.

Report of Acute One-stage Anastomosis for Obstructive Colonic Cancer in 45 Elderly Patients

GAO Hong;WANG Jin-zhong;DING Lei;XU Kai-yu;FENG Guo-sheng

2009, 30(3):  306-308.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.010

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Objective To investigate the management and prognosis of emergent colon obstruction with cancer. Methods Forty-five elderly cases with bowel obstruction caused by colonic cancers were recruited during the past five years, all of whom were treated with intraoperative decompression, on-table lavage, resection and anastomosis. Among them, 25 tumors were located on the left side of the colon, while 20 on the right. Concerning the heavy contamination during operation, 8 wounds were left open and dressing changing for 4~5 days before ternary closure. Results There were no anastomotic leakage observed, all patients were safely discharged, there was no significant difference in the postoperative complications between right or left side bowel obstruction, and ternary wound closure shortened its healing process. Conclusion Primary resection and anastomosis is acceptable for emergency colonic obstruction both for left and right sides in elderly patients.

肝纤维化基础研究

Suppression of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Gene Expression by Recombinant Lentivirus Carrying Small Interfering RNA of TIMP-1 in Rat Hepatic Stellate Cell

BAI Yan-feng;CONG Min;WANG Ping;LIU Tian-hui;WU Xiao-ning;YANG Ai-ting;TANG Shu-zhen;MA Hong;JIA Ji-dong;YOU Hong

2009, 30(3):  309-312.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.011

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Objective To construct recombinant lentivirus carrying siRNA of TIMP-1 and to investigate the short-term inhibitory effect of TIMP-1 gene expression on rat hepatic stellate cell in vitro. Methods Two different short fragments were selected in accordance with rat TIMP-1 mRNA gene sequence, and U6 promoter followed by annealing siRNA which had the strongest suppressive effect were cloned into the lentivirus vector(PGCL/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP) and packed in 293 cells to construct the recombinant Lenti/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP. Experiments were divided into four groups: Lenti/siRNA1-TIMP-1/GFP, Lenti/siRNA2-TIMP-1/GFP, Lenti/GFP group and mock treatment group. Rat HSC-T6 cells were infected with these recombinant lenti-viruses at a concentration of MOI by 10. To monitor the efficiency of infection, fluorescence microscope and flow cytometer were used. After 7 and 9 days post-infection, Western blot was used to detect the TIMP-1 protein level. Results HSC-T6 had no significant changes after infection. The results of PCR restrictive enzyme digestion and gene sequencing confirmed that the PGCL/siRNA-TIMP-1 was constructed successfully. The efficiency of infection was over 50% in three groups. The protein expression levels of TIMP-1 in HSC-T6 cells at 9 day post-infection by the recombinant lentivirus were suppressed dramatically compared with those in mock treatment control and normal HSC-T6 cells(P＜0.05). Conclusion Recombinant Lenti/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP could suppress the expression of TIMP-1 in rat HSC-T6 cells for short term effectively.

Overexpression of MMP-13 Inhibited Collagen I Expression in Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells

LIU Tian-hui;CONG Min;WANG Ping;YOU Hong

2009, 30(3):  313-316.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.012

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Objective Liver fibrosis is characterized by increased deposition and altered composition of extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to construct recombinant vector carrying interstitial collagenase(MMP-13) and investigate if the expression of collagen I could be inhibited in rat hepatic stellate cell(HSC) overexpressing MMP-13 in vitro. Methods The plasmid expressing MMP-13(dl6-95-MMP-13) was constructed through inserting the full length of MMP-13 gene into the AAV vector dl6-95 which includes the ITR of AAV. Then, dl6-95-MMP-13 or dl6-95 plasmid was transfected into HSC for 7 days. The level of MMP-13 and collagen I mRNAs and proteins were analyzed by real time PCR and Western blotting. Results The plasmid expressing MMP-13(dl6-95-MMP-13) was constructed successfully. After dl6-95-MMP-13 plasmid was transfected into HSC for 7 days, real time PCR results showed that the level of MMP-13 mRNA increased significantly compared with HSC transfected with dl6-95 plasmid(without MMP-13), whereas the transcription of collagen I had only slight increase. Western blotting results showed that both the pro-MMP-13 and active MMP-13 increased significantly, especially the active form of MMP-13. After transfected with dl6-95-MMP-13, the expression of collagen I was inhibited significantly. Conclusion MMP-13 overexpression in HSC could inhibit the expression of collagen I significantly. This inhibition occurred mainly through degradation of collagen I protein, rather than through regulating the transcription of collagen I.

A Trial of Pentoxifylline in Rat Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

CUI Yan;ZHANG Li;JIA Ji-dong

2009, 30(3):  317-320.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.013

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Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of pentoxifylline on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Methods Thirty SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly: model group (n=10), treatment group(n=10), and normal control group(n=10). The rats of model group and treatment group were given fat-rich feed, and those of normal control group were given normal feed. Furthermore, the rats of treatment group were given pentoxifylline after 12 weeks of fat-rich diet feeding. At 16 weeks, the rats of treatment group, normal control group and model group were sacrificed. Livers were reserved to measure the procollagen Ⅰ, procollagen Ⅲ, TGF-β1 and TNF-α mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Results The model group's procollagenⅠmRNA expression level was higher than that of the normal control group(P＜0.05), that of the treatment group was lower than that of the model group(P＜0.05). Model group's procollagen Ⅲ mRNA expression level was higher than that of the normal control group(P＜0.05), that of the treatment group was lower than that of the model group, but the differences were no statistically significant. The model group's TGF-β1 mRNA expression level was higher than that of normal control group(P＜0.05), that of treatment group was lower than that of model group(P＜0.05). Model group's TNF-α mRNA expression level was higher than that of normal control group(P＜0.05), and that of treatment group was lower than that of model group(P＜0.05). Conclusion Pentoxifylline can decrease the collagen Ⅰand collagen Ⅲ mRNA expression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, inhibit TGF-β1 and TNF-α expression. Pentoxifylline may have certain anti-fibrotic effects.

In vitro Study on the Infectivity of Hepatitis B Virus on Human Hepatic Stellate Cells

WANG Yu;LIU Tian-hui;JIA Ji-dong;HU Zhong-jie

2009, 30(3):  321-325.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.014

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Objective The purpose of this study was to observe whether hepatitis B virus(HBV) can infect human hepatic stellate cell(HSC) in vitro. Methods LX-2 cells, the human activated HSC cell line, were incubated with human serum containing HBV DNA at final concentrations from 0.01 to 10 copies/cell and harvested after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Total HBV DNA and cccDNA in LX-2 cells were detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR). HBV replicative intermediates were detected by Southern blotting and Northern blotting. Results Compared with 2.58 copies /cell of HBVDNA and 0.86 copies /cell of cccDNA in HepG2.2.15 cells, less than 0.05 copies/cell of HBVDNA and no cccDNA in LX-2 cells was detected by FQ-PCR. The results of Southern blotting and Northern blotting showed that HBV replicative intermediates were all negative in LX-2 cells, but were all positive in HepG2.2.15 cells. Conclusion This In vitro study showed that there was no evidence that HBV can infect LX-2 cells.

Construction of Eukaryotic Expression Plasmid of Human Full-length Adiponectin and Its Expression in LX-2 Cells

ZHANG Yu-xian;BAI Qi-xuan;MA Chao;MA Hong

2009, 30(3):  326-330.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.015

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Objective To construct a full-length adiponectin eukaryotic expression plasmid, and investigate its transfection and expression in human hepatic stellate(LX-2) cells. Methods Human adipose tissue mRNA was extracted and the full-length adiponectin gene fragment was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Both amplified target gene fragment and empty vector plasmid P7 were double-digested, then the digested fragments were ligated and transformed into E. coli. Successful constructed plasmid was transfected to LX-2 cells by FuGENE HD reagents. Immunofluorescence staining was explored to detect the transfection efficiency and cellular localization, and Western-blot was used to detect the adiponectin protein expression. Results The sequence of DNA fragment from constructed P7-adiponectin plasmid was identified to that published in GenBank. The transfection efficiency detected by immunofluorescence staining was about 40%, A 30 000 protein was detected by western-blot which was consistent with the expected molecular weight. Conclusion Human full-length adiponectin eukaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed, it could be effectively transfected into LX-2 cells and could express the adiponectin protein.

Identification of Proteins from Hela Cells by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis and Peptide Mass Fingerprinting

HU Jia;LI Yan-ying;SUN Li-cui;YIN Ai-hong;WU Wen-qi;HE Jun-qi;

2009, 30(3):  331-335.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.016

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Objective To study the techniques of the isolation and identification of the proteins in Hela cells. Methods The proteins from Hela cells were extracted and isolated by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE). The digital information of the protein spots was analyzed by a scanner and analysis software. Three spots of proteins in gel with different abundance were digested by an in-gel enzyme and the masses of the generated peptides were measured by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization orthogonal time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI O-TOF-MS). The data obtained from peptide mass fingerprinting(PMF) were subjected to the protein database search. Results The 2-DE map of the proteins from Hela cells was generated by 2-DE, and the digital information of PMFs for the three protein spots were obtained by MALDI O-TOF-MS. Subsequently, these three protein spots were identified as α-glucosidase, γ-actin and peroxiredoxin 2 respectively through the database searching. Conclusion Peptide mass fingerprinting(PMF) is an applicable technique for the identification of proteins of Hela cells in combination with 2-D gel electrophoresis.

基础研究

Study on Method for Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Concentration in Serum Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry

ZHAO Yi-song;CUI Xin;LIANG Kun;LIU Shuang;YANG Lin;ZHAO Feng

2009, 30(3):  336-340.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.017

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Objective To develop an analytical method for the determination of perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS). Methods In the procedure a solid-phase extraction for the isolation of PFOS was employed. PFOS was subsequently analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry internal standard method. Mass spectral acquisition was applied with multiple reaction monitoring(MRM). Results The calibration curve was linear over a range from 0 μg/L to 120 μg/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.991 039. The average recovery for PFOS was 76.88%. Conclusion The method enables the precise determination of standards and can be applied to detect PFOS in human plasma samples for monitoring human exposure.

Mechanism of Hou Shi Hei San in Accelerating Repair of Nerve after Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

ZHANG Qiu-xia;ZHAO Hui;WANG Lei;CUI Hai;MU Yang

2009, 30(3):  341-346.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.018

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Objective To probe into the mechanism of Hou Shi Hei San in accelerating repair of nerve after cerebral ischemia in rats by observing the changes of growth-associated protein-43(GAP-43), microtubule-associated protein-2(MAP-2) and synatophysin(SYN) in the tissue of cerebral ischemia. Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion model was replicated by string ligation. Using behavioral test, the authors valuated the neurological deficiency of each group after operation. The injury and repair of neuron, dentrite and axon were observed by immunohistochemistry combined with image pattern analysis 15 days after the rat models were made. Results There were obvious disturbances of nerve function, scarce dentrite of MAP-2 positive cell and immunoreaction of SYN reduced in the model group. The grade of injuries of nerve function in the group treated with Hou Shi Hei San was lower than that in the model group(P<0.05). The area and intensity of expression of GAP-43 in CAI and CA3 areas of hippocampi in treatment groups were significantly higher than that in model group(P<0.05). The integrated optical density(IOD) values of MAP-2 and SYN expressions markedly increased in treatment groups(P<0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that Hou Shi Hei San can increase the expressions of GAP-43, MAP-2 and SYN and promotes nerve regeneration through inducing the synthesis of construction protein of neuron effectively, thus accelerates the repair of nerve.

Experimental Neovascularization of Iris Induced by Anterior Ischemia in Rabbit

LIU Jing-hua;LU Hai

2009, 30(3):  347-351.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.019

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Objective To develop an experimental animal model of neovascularization of iris(NVI), using anterior segment ischemia, and investigate the changes of intraocular pressure(IOP) before and after surgery, as well as morphologic and histological changes of the anterior segment, especially the iris. Methods Recession of both vertical recti and occlusion of vortex veins in the right eyes of 35 rabbits, with the left eyes as control group. All eyes were examined by tonometry and slit lamp before surgery and thereafter during the follow-up period, 30 animals were sacrificed 25 days after surgery, 5 animals were killed 9 days after surgery. The eyes were enucleated and histopathologically studied. Results A rise of IOP in the immediate postoperative period was noticed, then decreased gradually, finally ended with a low IOP. On slit lamp examination, neovascularization of the iris(NVI) appeared 4~6 days after surgery, after 9 days, NVI began to regress until the follow-up period ended. Histologically, neovascularization on the anterior surface of iris was detected, and the iridocorneal angle were found obstructed by proliferative tissues with newly formed vessels after surgery. There was also necrosis and atrophy in the ciliary body, but no abnormal retinal changes were detected after surgery. Conclusion Experimental NVI induced by recession of both vertical recti and occlusion of vortex veins was a comparatively simple, inexpensive and reliable animal model.

Studies of the Influence of Psychological Intervention on Adult Patients with Labiopalatal Clefts

ZU Si;CHEN Ren-ji;MU Yue;ZHONG Xin;ZHANG Wan-qi;YANG Feng-chi

2009, 30(3):  352-354.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.020

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Objective To evaluate the influence of psychological intervention on adult patients with cleft lip and palate. Methods Thirty-four hospitalized adult cleft lip and palate patients were randomly divided into control group and trial group. Patients in the control group received operative therapy only, while patients in the trial group received additional psychological therapy at the same time. All patients had psychological measurements separately on admission and discharging using Social Support Rating Scale, Interaction Anxiousness Scale and the Self-Esteem Scale. Results Scores of two groups had no significant difference before intervention. The change in aggregate scores of social support in the trial group was obviously higher than that in control group(P<0.05), while other changes in scores were not significant. Conclusion Psychological interventions are good methods to enhance psychological health level in adult patient with cleft lip and palate.

临床研究

Microarray-based miRNAs Profiling in Human Medulloblastomas

LIU Wei;CHAO Teng-fei;GONG Yan-hua;YUAN Jian-gang;JIA Ge;MA Zhen-yu;ZHAO Ji-zong

2009, 30(3):  355-359.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.021

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Objective To screen the differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs) in medulloblastomas(MB) using miRNA microarray and to explore the relationship between pathogenesis and miRNAs aberrantly expressed in MB. Methods The tumor tissue MB and normal cerebellar tissue adjacent to MB tumors were obtained from sporadic MB undergoing surgical resection. Total RNA, including the small RNAs, was extracted and isolated respectively. Hybridization was carried out on miRNA microarray chip. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was performed to confirm results obtained by microarray analysis. Results Nine miRNAs have been identified, 4 of them were up-regulated and the remaining five were down-regulated in cancer tissues. The differential expression of miR-17, miR-100 and miR-106b and miR-218 was confirmed by microarray analysis. Conclusion MiRNA microarray analysis is a high-throughput, comprehensive molecular biological technology. The aberrant expression of miRNA genes in this study may be involved in the pathogenesis of human MBs.

The Value of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis of Renal Space Occupying Lesions

MA Di;ZHANG Xiao-li;TAN Xiao-qu;ZHAO Jing;CHE Ke-xiang;ZHU Chun-li;ER Xiu-jiang;QIAN Lin-xue

2009, 30(3):  360-363.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.022

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Objective To study the importance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEU) in the differential diagnosis of local renal space occupying lesons. Methods Seventy-six cases of renal space occupying lesions were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. All patients received surgery. The characteristics of renal space occupying lesions in CEU were observed and analyzed. Results Satisfactory and dynamic-enhanced perfusion images were obtained for 76 patients. Among them, 62 lesions were diagnosed as malignant and 14 lesions as benign tumor by pathology. The way of contrast medium wash in and wash out was various. Most cases showed synchronous wash in and fast wash in(P<0.05). There was no difference between fast wash out and low wash out. A special characteristic of the malignant renal lesions was that they were rich in blood supply, tending to look like a "bright ball". Hamartoma showed asymmetric enhancement without pseudocapsule. There was no enhancement found in cases of cysts. Conclusion The contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEU) is a useful method for differentiating renal space occupying lesions.

Clinical Significance of Ambulatory 24-hour Blood Pressure Monitoring during Middle Pregnancy

WANG Xiao-mei;ZHAO You-ping;WANG Qi;ZHANG Wei-yuan;CUI Man-hua

2009, 30(3):  364-367.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.023

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Objective To investigate the significance of the ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring during middle pregnancy in the outcomes of pregnancy and in predicting hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy. Methods Data of 200 pregnant women chosen at random from March 2007 to August 2007 in Beijing Obstetrics and Gyneology Hospital were analyzed. All these women had single-fetus pregnancy and were at 20~24 weeks of gestation without any complication. Ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring(ABPM) was conducted for all the subjects and the outcomes of the pregnancy were observed and recorded. Results Seventy of the cases had white-coat hypertension, 89 cases were normotensive at the end of pregnancy, 23 cases developed hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy, and 18 cases had primary hypertension. The comparisons were carried out among the four groups in 24 hours systolic blood pressure(24 h SBP), 24 hours diastolic blood pressure(24 h DBP), day systolic blood pressure(dSBP) and night diastolic blood pressure(nDBP). The normotensive group and the hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy group had no significant difference in the four indexes, but the latter had higher nDBP. The primary hypertension group and the other two groups had significant difference in the four indexs(P<0.05). The onormotensive group and the other groups had significant difference in the circadian blood pressure(P<0.05). Conclusion Single 24-hour blood pressure monitoring during the middle pregnancy had no definite significance in predicting hypertensive disorder that may complicate pregnancy, but repeated blood pressure monitoring in high risk group may be beneficial to outcomes through early diagnosis and treatment. The 24-hour blood pressure monitoring could diagnose white-coat hypertension early.

The Relationship between Hypersensitivity C-Reaction Protein and Artherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

MU Jun;ZENG Zheng;ZHANG Xiao-ming

2009, 30(3):  368-371.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.024

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Objective To explore the relationship between inflammation marker hypersensitivity C-Reaction Protein(hsCRP) and carotid artherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM), to deepen the cognition of peripheral vascular disease(PVD) induced by diabetes mellitus. Methods Carotid artery ultrasonometry intra-tunica media thickness(IMT) was tested in 150 type 2 diabetic patients to observe if there were plaques or not. Serum hsCRP quantitative estimation was analyzed. Statistic methods were used in interrelationship analyze of the serum hsCRP, carotid artherosclerosis and plaques formation. Results 1 Serum hsCRP abnormal proportion in diabetic patients with carotid artherosclerosis was significantly higher than diabetic patients without it(P<0.01). Those serum hsCRP abnormal proportion in diabetic patients with IMT and plaques was significantly higher than that of normal control group(P=0.000 and P=0.02); 2 There was no significant differences in serum hsCRP abnormal proportion in smoker-patients and non-smoker patients; 3 Serum hsCRP abnormal proportion in hypertension patients was significantly higher than that of non-hypertension patients(P<0.05); 4 After Logistic regression, we found that age(OR=1.023, P=0.00), hsCRP(OR=1.012, P=0.00), LDL-C(OR=2.553, P=0.00), HDL-C(OR=0.146, P=0.00), hypertension(OR=3.465, P=0.00) and smoking history(OR=2.276, P=0.00) were related with carotid artherosclerosis. Conclusion There was a certain relationship between the level of serum hsCRP and carotid artherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum hsCRP abnormal proportion in type 2 diabetes mellitus with carotid artherosclerosis especially with carotid plaques was significantly higher than that of patients without carotid pathology. Hypertension may have an effort on the relationship of serum hsCRP and carotid artherosclerosis.

Effect of Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty on Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome

FENG Zhi-hong;NIE Xiu-hong;ZHANG Lian-guo;FAN Xiao-jun

2009, 30(3):  372-376.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.025

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Objective To observe the effects of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP) on inflammatory factors in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS). Methods Thirty-three subjects, who were diagnosed by polysomnography(PSG) as OSAHS(AHI≥5, 27 men and 6 women), median age 41(20~58) years and 27 subjects as control(AHI＜5, 22 men and 5 women), median age 42(18~59 ) years, were studied. All patients with OSAHS were accepted UPPP and rechecked PSG after 6 months. All the blood samples were obtained after PSG. The concentrations of serum interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin-10(IL-10) were measured by radioimmunoassay. The concentrations of serum C-reactive protein(CRP) was measured by immunoturbidimetry. Results The level of serum IL-6, TNF-α and CRP in OSAHS group were significantly higher than those in control group. The concentration of serum IL-10 in OSAHS group was significantly lower than that in control(P<0.05 for all). The parameters including AHI, SLT 90%, LAT, ODI, and SaO₂min were significantly improved(P<0.05 for all), the levels of serum IL-6 and TNF-α significantly decreased(all P<0.05) after 6 months by UPPP therapy. There were no significant difference between serum CRP and IL-10 in patients with OSAHS who accepted UPPP(all P>0.05). Conclusion Systemic inflammatory imbalance exists in OSAHS patients. Although hypoxia was improved to some degree, UPPP could not correct inflammatory factors disorder completely in patients with OSAHS. The OSAHS patients should receive CPAP therapy after UPPP therapy.

Characteristics and Risk Factor of Metabolic Syndrome among 1 475 Coal Industry Employee in Tangshan City

HAO Zhi-mei;MA Yu-jie;TIAN Wei

2009, 30(3):  377-380.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.026

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Objective To analyze the characteristics and risk factor of metabolic syndrome(metabolic syndrome, MS) among coal industry employee. Methods The survey population in this study is 1 475 coal industry employee aged ≥25 years in Tangshan city. MS was identified by Chinese Diabetes Society(CDS). A total of 1 441 subjects entered into the final statistical analysis. Results The detectable rate of MS was 13.7%. There were 72.5% of individuals having ≥1 components of MS. There was a remarkable statistical difference of age, current smoking, serum creatinine, history of trauma in subjects without MS and with MS. The detectable rate of MS were increased with aging(P=0.0024). Sex, smoking and family history of hypertension are risk factories of MS. Conclusion There was a highly detectable rate of MS in coal industry employee. Occupational hazard factors and unhealthy lifestyle habits maybe its causative factor.

Association of the Severity of Chronic Hepatitis C with TNF-α Promoter Gene Polymorphism and Level of Serum TNF-α

DUAN Zhong-hui;LI Zhuo;YU Hong-wei;MENG Qing-hua

2009, 30(3):  381-384.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.027

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Objective To assess the relationship of the severity of chronic hepatitis C severity with tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) promoter gene polymorphism(-857C/T, -308G/A, -238G/A), and the levels of serum. Methods Totally 102 patients of the Han ethnic group with chronic hepatitis C were recruited. The patients with chronic hepatitis C were classified into mild(44 cases), moderate(34 cases), and severe types(24 cases) based on liver function.The level of serum TNF-α was determined by ELISA, and the genetype of TNF-α-857C/T, -308G/A, -238G/A were determined by polymerase chain reaction estriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). Results The level of fasting serum TNF-α in the patients with chronic hepatitis C was higher than that of normal controls(P=0.000), in the mild type, it was lower than that of the moderate type(P=0.012) and severe group(P=0.001), and no statistical difference was found between moderate and severe group(P=0.252). Allelic frequency of TNF-α-857T in mild type of the patients with chronic hepatitis C was lower that of the severe type(P=0.004). No difference in allelic frequency of TNF-α-308A/G and TNF-α-238A/G was found among the mild, moderate, and severe groups. Conclusion The level of fasting serum TNF-α in patients with chronic hepatitis C was higher than that in the normal controls, and was positively correlated with pathological change. Allelic frequency of TNF-α-857T in the mild group was higher than that in the severe group.

Clinical Study on 30 Cases with Chronic Renal Failure Caused by Diabetic Nephropathy and Treated with Spleen-Invigorating and Kidney-Tonifying Recipe

CHEN Jie;ZHANG Hong-xia

2009, 30(3):  385-388.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.028

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Objective To observe the effect of spleen-Invigorating and kidney-tonifying recipe in treating chronic renal failure caused by diabetic nephropathy. Methods Spleen-invigorating and kidney-tonifying recipe was used, at the basis of conventional therapy, to treat 31 cases with diabetic nephropathy, and a controlled observation was made between these 31 cases with 29 cases treated with Niao Du Qing granules. Results The total response rate of the treatment group(77.3%) was significantly higher than that of the control group(68.7%)(P<0.05). After treatment, the blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(Cr), creatinine clearance rate in treatment group were significantly increased(P<0.01) and main clinical symptoms were improved(P<0.05). Conclusion Spleen-invigorating and kidney-tonifying recipe treatment of chronic renal failure caused by diabetic nephropathy has the effect of improving renal functions and major clinical symptoms as well as slowing down renal dysfunction process.

Hemodynamic Effects of Combined Spinal-epidural Anesthesia in Elderly Patients

LI Yu-hua;DONG Peng;TIAN Ming

2009, 30(3):  389-392.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.029

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Objective To observe the hemodynamic effects of combined spinal-epidural(CSE) anesthesia in 75 years or older patients. Methods In a prospective study, 40 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients(aged 75 years or older), undergoing elective total knee replacement(TKR) surgery were randomly assigned to either CSE anesthesia(CSEA, n=20) or epidural anesthesia alone(EA, n=20). Hemodynamic measurements included invasive mean arterial blood pressure(MAP) and heart rate(HR). The primary endpoint (outcome) was the number of hypotension and bradycardic episodes(defined as MAP<70 mmHg and HR<50 bpm). Results On univariate analysis, no significant differences between the groups with regards to MAP and HR during the perioperative period. The incidence of hypotension was similar between both groups(two patients in each group), as was the incidence of bradycardia(12 patients in CSE, 7 in EA groups; P=0.20). Conclusion Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and epidural anesthesia alone during TKR surgery are associated with the same incidence of hypotension with statistically and clinically similar hemodynamic responses.

Evaluation on the Influence of Supine Hypotension Syndrome on Newborns by the Neonatal Cord Blood Gas Analysis during Caesarean Section

XU Na;MA Ting;TIAN Zhao-long;WANG Ke-jie

2009, 30(3):  393-395.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.030

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Objective To investigate the effects of supine hypotension syndrome on newborns by the neonatal cord blood gas analysis during caesarean section. Methods Eighty pregnant women who were assigned for caesarean section with combined spinal and lumber anesthesia were divided into two groups: group Ⅰ(control group, systolic blood pressure ≥100 mmHg) and groupⅡ(hypotension group, systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg). The mothers' arterial blood and the neonatal umbilical cord blood were taken for blood gas analysis, and the newborns' one minute Apgar scores were recorded. Results Mothers’ blood gas analysis and newborns' one minute Apgar scores had no significant difference respectively(P>0.05) between the two groups, umbilical cord blood gas analysis of newborns in hypotension group were significantly worse than that of the control group, the blood gas values pH, PO₂, BE in hypotension group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and PCO₂ in hypotension group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The number of the newborns with low umbilical artery pH in hypotension group was more than that of the control group. Conclusion Hypotension in caesarean section is detrimental to the fetus, therefore it should be corrected actively.

Association between Changes of Lower Limbs Deep Venous Hemodynamic Parameters and Occurrence of Thrombosis in Elderly Bedridden Patients

SU Li-ya;XU Guang;PENG Yu

2009, 30(3):  396-398.  doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-7795.2009.03.031

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Objective To study the association between changes of hemodynamic parameters of color Doppler flow image(CDFI) and occurrence of deep veins thrombosis(DVT) in elderly bedridden patients. Methods A total of 60 elderly subjects, including 26 elderly patients with lower limbs DVT and 34 cases without DVT were recruited into the study. The 26 elderly patients(thrombosis group) were suffered from lower limbs DVT after 3 days to 1 month of the first examination. And the other 34 cases(control group) had not suffered from the DVT of the lower limbs for at least 6 months after the first examination. Images and hemorhrological parameters of CDFI in these 60 patients were analyzed. The structures, echogenic, CDFI and pulse Doppler flow images of deep veins were observed. The interior diameters and peak velocities of popliteal vein(POV) and common femoral vein(CFV) were measured. Results Compared with cases of the control group, interior diameters of deep veins in thrombosis group were wider, and peak velocities were slowed down before the lower limbs DVT occurred(P<0.05 or P<0.01). And when peak velocities were slower than 14 cm/s, the occurrence of DVT was higher. Conclusion Lower limbs deep veins can be observed by CDFI, and the peak velocities can be measured correctly, especially those slower than 14 cm/s. Circulation disorder of lower limbs can result in blood congestion, and DVT, especially in elderly bedridden patients.