Abstract: Objective To summarize clinical feature of endobronchial tuberculosis and improve the diagnosis.Methods To compare age,gender,clinical symptoms,chest X-ray,and smear of sputum were searched for acid-fast bacilli in 36 cases with endobronchial tuberculosis and in 30 cases with pulmonary tuberculosis.The data were analyzed by Chi square.Results The onset age exceed sixty years old and no significant difference were found in the two groups.Female were often with endobronchial tuberculosis.Main symptoms of endobronchial tuberculosis were cough,fever and chest distress.Chest X-ray shadow characteristic were lamellar more than patching.Chest X-ray of 22.2%(8/36)were normal.Focus of infected were in right lung more than left lung.Acid-fast bacilli were all negative in smear of sputum,but bronchial washings were all positive.Pulmonary tuberculosis had often hemoptysis and chest X-ray showed shadow of patching.Focus of infected were in left lung more than right lung.Acid-fast bacilli were all positive in smear of sputum.Bronchoscopy showed the rate of inflammatory filtration at 38.9%(14/36),cheesy necrosis at 33.3%(12/36),cicatricial constriction at 19.4%(7/36)and granulation hyperplasy at 8.3%(3/36).Conclusion Endobronchial tuberculosis is predilection in female.Chest X-ray are no specific change as well as 22.2% are normal.Focus of infected are in right lung more than left lung.Under bronchoscope,the main changes are inflammatory infiltration and cheesy necrosis.Bronchoscopy is best diagnostic method.

Key words: bronchus, tuberculosis, bronchoscope, chest X-ray