Abstract: Objective To investigate the Ki-67 and p16 protein expressions in the squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix.Methods S-P immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expressions of Ki-67 and p16 in cervix samples.Results The positive rate of Ki-67 protein in the inflammatory lesions,CIN1,CIN2 and CIN3 were 50%,47%,55%,77%;The positive rate of p16 protein in the inflammatory lesions,CIN1,CIN2,CIN3 were 41%,59%,72%,91%.The expressions of Ki-67 and p16 protein were related to each other and correlated with the grading of CIN.Conclusion The expressions of Ki-67 and p16 are correlated with the grading of CIN,so they can be helpful in the diagnosis of lesions of the cervix.Especially they may facilitate the correct diagnosis in difficult cases such as the metaplastic lesions of old women;meanwhile,since the expressions of Ki-67 and p16 could be seen in the inflammtory lesions and the CIN1 lesions,attention should be paid to patients who had the strong positive staining of the two proteins.They should be followed up.In case the lesions show higher CIN grading(CIN2-3) with negative staining of the two proteins,attention should also be paid to avoid excessive treatment.

Key words: CIN, facilitation of diagnosis, immunohistochemistry