Abstract: Objective To explore the risk factors related to the occurrence of pulmonary infection, aiming to guide the prevention and treatment of pulmonary infection. Methods The clinical data of 368 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 368 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, 72 patients had pulmonary infection, accounting for 19.6%. Gram-negative bacilli are the most common pathogens. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)>8 points, hypoproteinemia, and severe vomiting are independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with cerebral hemorrhage (P<0.05). Conclusion Cerebral hemorrhage patients with severe consciousness disorder and a history of pulmonary disease are more likely to develop pulmonary infections. It is necessary to prevent and control the pulmonary infections from the aspects of keeping the airway patency, preventing vomiting, strengthening nutrition, improving the immunity, and stabilizing blood sugar.

Key words: hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary infection, risk factors, complications