Table of Content

15 April 1984, Volume 5 Issue 2

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论著

The Cytoarchitectonic organization of the Spinal Cord in Rat Ⅰ.The Lower Thoracic and Lumbosacral Cord

C. Molander;Q. Xu;G. Grant

1984, 5(2):  89-96. 

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A laminar cytoarchitectonic sche-ma of the lower thoracic and lum-bosacral segments of the rat spinal cord was presented in which Re-xed′s principles for the cat were app-lied.The material consisted of 80am thick sections stained with toluidine blue or according to van Gieson,and 2um thick sections stained with phenylenediamine or toluidine blue. The cytoarchitectonic organization of the rat spinal cord was found to be basically similar to that of the cat except for certain differences, e.g.in the extension of the lami-nae.In addition to the laminar sch-eme,the distribution of certain cell groups,the tract of Lissauer and the pyramidal tract were investiga-ted.

Quantitative Morphology of the Panda Brain in Comparison with Those of the Raccoon and the American Bear

Xie Jingqiang

1984, 5(2):  97-101,96. 

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The present paper gave a new and more detailed account of the exter-nal morphology and internal struc-tures of the brain of the Giant Pa-nda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)in comparison with those of two rela-ted carnivores,the North Americ-an black bear(Ursus americanus) and the raccoon (Procyon lotor). There are many differences in the external features of some important gyri and lobes.The panda brain sh-ows 6 bearlike and 4 raccoonlike fea-tures,but it also presents 8 impor-tant characteristic features of in own which need to be exphasized in view of the discussions that are now being held about the status of the panda within the carnivores.As far as the allometric relationship betw-een brain size and body size is co-ncerned the main observation is th-at of an evolutionary trend towards (1)higher encephalization and neo-corticalization,(2)higher cereb-ellar progression,in the panda th-an in the other two species.

Analysis of the Causes of Death of 300 Cases of Perinatal Fetus and Neonate Department of Pathology

1984, 5(2):  102-105,111. 

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A review was made of the clini-cal history and postmortem diagno-sis of 300 fetus and neonate dea-ths as determined by autopsy.The highest proportion of deaths was noted in fetuses and neonates who died of infection. Intrauterine anoxia ranked second,malformation ranked third,abnormal pulmona-ry function ranked fourth and toxemia ranked fifth.The majority of deaths from infection was pneumonia.It account for 26.69% of the 300 cases analyzed.An acc-urate diagnosis and proper treatm-ent are important in reducing the mortality rate of perinatal pneumo-nia. The pneumonia was classified histologically into acute diffuse pneumonia(congenital aspiration pneumonia),bronchopneumonia, interstitial pneumonia and miscella-neous cases of pneumonia.Experi-mental study of the pneumonia of fetal rabbit demonstrated that pneu-monia is of ten associated with in-flammation of the placenta and cord. Frozen Section of the placenta and cord is necessary for an early diag-nosis of pneumonia.

论著

Effects of Higher Centres on Arrhythmias Induced by Stimulation of Hypothalamic Mamillary Body and its Surrounding Regions in Rabbits

Zhang Maoxian

1984, 5(2):  106-111. 

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In anesthetized rabbits arrhyt-hmia (mainly ectopie beats)and stiking elevation of arterial blood pressure could be elicited during and after stimulation of mamillary nucleus of the hypothalamus and its surrounding regions with mouopha-sic square wave trains lasted 5 to 15seconds(pulse duration:0.5 to 1 ms;frequency:40 to 70 Hz;current intensity:0.005 to 0.1mA),A redu-ced response of arrhythmia and elevation of blood pressure could still be induced in rabbits with brain stem transected just above the level of dieneephalon and arte-rial blood pressure maintained at a level above 70 mmHg.

Characteristics of Power Spectrum of Spontaneous and Evoked Electroencephalographical Theta Band in the Epileptics

Tan Yuling

1984, 5(2):  112-113. 

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Based on the analysis of power spectrum of EEG in 100 normal sub-jects and 52 patients with idiopa-thic epilepcy the present study pro-ved that by using high power spec-truln indexes the positive diagno-sis rate could be raised and the functional states of the brain in epileptics be demonstrated objecti-vely.On 52 epileptics the positive diagnostic rate was 32% by conven-tional visual analysis,whereas it was raised to 56% by using high power spectrum indexes.The extent of the brain damage could be gra-ded according to the bights of spe-ctrum valncs.So this index may be useful in assisting the clinical diagnosis.

The Diagnosis of Functional Injury of the Brain by Using ECG Amplitude Histogram

Li Jianmin

1984, 5(2):  114-116. 

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With computer analysis we proc-essed the amipltude histogram of spontaneous and evoked electroen-cephalogram of 52 patients with epilepsy,another 52 patients with cerebral concussion and 100 normal subjects.It was shown that,as compared with conventional elect-roeucephalographical analysis,100 per cent of abnormal electroence-phalographic cases could be diagno-sed as positive by this method and 27.9 percent of normal electroen-cephalographical cases could also be diagnosed as positive by this way. Thus,the positive rate could be increased and electroencephalogra-phical visual analysis be replaced by an objective automatic diagnos-tic method with more accuracy and simplicity.

Investigation on Giardia Lamblia and Giardiasis

Zhong Yueqing

1984, 5(2):  117-121,133. 

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Attempts were made to cultivate Giardia lamblia monoxenically and axenically and to study its morph-ology and multiplication during cu-ltivation.The observations were made with optic microscope and scanning electromicroscope.Rabb-its were artificially infected with partially excysted cysts isolated from patients.The distribution of the parasite over the mucosa sur-face of the intestine and the path-ologic changes therein of the inf-ected animal were studied.Fecal specimens of 1596 individuals from several districts were examined and giardia incidence among them ave-raged 2.7%(adults 0.9%,Childr-en 5.3%).Sera of 541 of these individuals were also tested simul-taneously with enzyme-linked imm-unosorbent assay (ELISA) conduc-ted with antigen prepared from axenic culture of the organism. The antibody prevelence rate was 12.8%.Counterimmunoelectropho-resis(CIE)was found to be a very useful tool in the diagnosis of giar-diasis.A typical case of familial infection was also reported.

Studies on Fine Structures of Leishmania Amastigotes with Special Reference to Leishmania Strain Isolated from A Naturally Infected Racoon Dog

Xu Zhibiao

1984, 5(2):  122-123,116. 

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The fine structures of amastigo-tes of Leishmania strain isolated from a naturally infected racoon dog(Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray) in the suburb of Beijing were stu-died and compared with the data in medical literature.The parasites are much similar to those of L.donovani complex under electron microscopy. Inclusion body-like substances were seen for the first time in their cy-toplasm but the nature of these bo-dies needs further study.

Measurements of Laryngeal Cartilages and its Clinical Significance

Yang Hejun

1984, 5(2):  124-129,145. 

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It is of important significance to study the laryngeal strucures in La-ryngology,especially in phoniatrics, During the last 20 years phonosu-rgery has developed steadily,and neccesitates a much more exact and detailed understanding of the lar-yngeal cartilages and their retation-ships.With these purposes,we re-ported these data obtained from measurements of the laryngeal car-tilages in 30 Chinese corpses in-cluding 19male,and 11 female.

论著

Malignant Mixed Mesodermal Tumor—Report of 3 Cases

Wang Zhilan

1984, 5(2):  130-133. 

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Three cases of malignant mi-xdd mesodermal tumor encountered in our hospital during the period of 1955-1981 were reported,of which two Were homolgous and one was heterologous.Case 2 and 3 were in the late stage,and terminated fa-tally two and four months respecti-vely after opration,Case 1 develo-ped metastasis to the vestibule and the lateral wall of vagina 14 months after operation,and died 20 months postoperatively. A brief discusion was made on the pathology and clinical features of this tumor.In spite of its low incidence,the prognosis was poor.In case of early diagnosis the 5 year survival rate might be 15-30%.Thus, an early diagnosis to raise the sur-vival rate constitutes the orienta-tion of research hereafter.

Study on the Leucocyte Antigen System (HLA) of the Han Nationality Population in Beijing Area:Ⅱ.The Analysis and the Identification of Specificities of Lymphocytotoxicity Antisera

1984, 5(2):  134-142. 

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Establishing typing reagents of Chinese HLA,and standard HLA antisera,for filling some blanks in the medical scientific research is one of the problems of utmost importance.For this reasons a co-rrelative analysis was made on 261 strong by positive antisera which were screening out by using the micro lymphocyte cytotoxic test, with 83 international standard an-tisera including 44 specificities, and also with 39 known typing an-tigens assignment regions.Through analyses basing upon multiple cal-culation methods (clustering ana-lysis,includiug analysis,supple-mented clustering and including analysis,etc.)162 antisera of known types including 39 specifi-cities were obtained.Later on,the-se antisera of known types were identified again in two chessboa-rds.We selected 82 antisera inclu-ding 25 specificities which can be used as typing reagents.Except for those specificities with only one antiserum,these antisera had 18 compatibilities in order to deter-mine the antigens′ specificities.