Table of Content

21 June 2012, Volume 33 Issue 3

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中西医结合临床与基础

Study on repair of axonal damage and its mechanism in rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by MBP_68-86 and MBP_87-99

ZHAO Hui;WANG Yi-zhou;KOU Shuang;LI Ming;QI Fang;ZHANG Qiu-xia;WANG Lei

2012, 33(3):  285-290.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.001

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Objective To observe the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and growth-associated protein (GAP) -43 and the change of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) /protein kinase (PKA) in rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)induced by myelin basic protein (MBP)_68-86 or MBP_87-99, in order to explore the repair of axonal damage and its mechanism during the pathological process of EAE. Methods The rats were immunized by subcutaneous injection in both hind footpads with antigen containing MBP_68-86 or MBP_87-99, incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) and mycobacterium tuberculosis. The neurological score and the pathological changes of brain tissues were observed, the cAMP was measured by ELISA and the mRNA expression of APP, GAP-43 and PKA in brain tissues was detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results Compared with the rats in MBP_87-99 group, the progress of EAE was fast, the neurological scores were high, the inflammatory cell infiltration was severe, and even cuff-like change was found in MBP_68-86 group. On the 14th day post-immunization (PI), the mRNA expression of GAP-43 in brain tissues of rats in medium-dose MBP_68-86 group was down-regulated compared with normal group (P<0.05), the mRNA expression of APP was up-regulated on the 28th day PI (P<0.05). On the 28th day PI, the mRNA expression of APP was significantly increased in MBP_87-99 group compared with normal group and low-dose MBP_68-86 group (P<0.05), and the GAP-43 mRNA was also significantly increased compared with high and low-dose MBP_68-86 group (P<0.05). On the 28th day PI, the cAMP level in brain tissues significantly increased in high and low-dose MBP_68-86 group and MBP_87-99 group compared with normal group (P<0.01or P<0.05), the PKA mRNA was also significantly increased in medium-dose MBP_68-86 and MBP_87-99 group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion The EAE can be induced by both MBP_68-86 and MBP_87-99 in Lewis rats. It was caused by inflammatory cell infiltration, demyelination and axonal damage and other changes in the brain tissues, and it had a certain self-healing capability, which maybe related with the regulation on signaling pathway of cAMP-PKA. And it concluded that the rat EAE induced by middle-dose MBP_68-86 was used for the experimental model in further study on the pathogenesis characteristics and medicine treatment.

Influence of Huqi San and its principal drug Ramulus Visci extract on intracellular free Ca²⁺ levels

WANG Peng-yan;AN Jian-duo;WANG Chi;WANG Xue-cong;WU Xin-rui;WANG Xue-jiang

2012, 33(3):  291-296.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.002

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Objective To probe the inhibitory effect of human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2 and the influence of intracellular free Ca²⁺ levels induced by Chinese herbs, Huqi San(HQS) and its principal drug Ramulus Visci Extract. Methods The proliferation of HepG2 were observed by MTT colormetric assay. The cell cycle and the rate of apoptosis of HepG2 were examined by using flow cytometry. The fluorescent intensity of intracellular free Ca²⁺ was observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.Results Both HQS and Ramulus Visci extract could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 in a time and dose-dependent manner, the numeric value of OD in high dose group decreased markedly compared to the control group(P<0.001), expect the high dose group of HQS and total Alkaloid of Viscum at the time of 48 h. After treatment with the drugs for 72 h, the cell population in the group of Ramulus Visci Polysaccharides and total Alkaloid of Viscum increased in G1 phase and G2 phase and decreased it in S phase; Comparatively, in the group of HQS, the proportion of the cells in S phase decreased, while cells at G2 phase increased, but there was no a significant change in the G1 phase. In addition, all of the three drugs could induce the apoptosis of HepG2. The results showed with laser scanning confocal microscopy that as different dose of the three drugs were put into the Petri dishes respectively, and we found that the fluorescent intensity did not change obviously when the cells were treated with the low dose drugs. But as we put into three high dose drugs into the Petri, dishes the fluorescent intensity increased instantly and maintained at a high level for periods of time without fluctuating nearly except a little decrease with total alkaloid of Viscum. ConclusionHuqi San, Ramulus Visci Polysaccharides and total alkaloid of Viscum all could inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and promoted their apoptosis. The calcium overload maybe a possible mechanism of the apoptosis of HepG2 induced by Huqi San and Ramulus Visci Extract.

Effects of Shen-Mai injection and ulinastatin injection on microcirculation in patients with severe sepsis

ZHAO Meng-ya;LI Ang;ZHANG Shu-wen;DUAN Mei-li

2012, 33(3):  297-300.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.003

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Objective To observe the effect of Shen-Mai injection and ulinastatin injection (UTI) on microcirculation in patients with severe sepsis.Methods Using random number table, 30 patients with severe sepsis were divided into Shen-Mai injection group and UTI group, 15 cases in each group. Following SSC2008 guide, on the basis of conventional therapy, Shen-mai injection and UTI treatment were applied to observe the changes of sublingual microcirculation in patients before and after treatment by the sidestream-dark-field technique: total vascular density (TVD), perfusion vascular density (PVD), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV), microvascular flow index (MFI) were measured, and the APACHEⅡ score was recorded 72 h after entering into the group and the number of days in ICU and 28 day mortality were compared.Results 1. The sublingual microcirculation in patients of Shen-Mai injection group had significant changes after 6h, PPV increased significantly (P<0.05). 2. The sublingual microcirculation in patients of UTI group had significant changes after 6h, PPV increased significantly (P<0.05). 3. Shen-Mai injection and UTI have a certain improvement of the prognosis of patients. Conclusion Both Shen-Mai injection and UTI could improve the sublingual microcirculation in patients with early severe sepsis; monitoring sublingual microcirculation can be used as an important index for assessing the prognosis of patients.

Clinical features and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types presentation of multiple sclerosis:an analysis of 261 cases

FAN Yong-ping;YOU Yu-zhong;CHENG Ke-long;YANG Tao;WU Wei

2012, 33(3):  301-306.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.004

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Objective To summarize the features of multiple sclerosis (MS) in China, analyze their traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome and pathogenesis, standardize the method of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment. Methods The clinical features/tongue and pulse/differentiation of TCM syndrome of 261 MS patients were comprehensively analyzed using clinical statistical method. Results Female to male ratio of patients was 1.8:1, 58 percent of patients were from 20 to 40 years old at the onset, 80.2 percent of patients had no cause, most of them had acute onset and remitting relapsing type, their average relapsing times was 2.2, symptoms and signs of both first attack and registering time were mainly dysfunction of sensation, vision, and motor, the type of TCM syndrome differentiation were as follows, deficiency of both liver and kidney yin, deficiency of both spleen and kidney yang, deficiency of both yin and yang, deficiency of spleen qi, phlegm-heat and blood stasis in the body, and so on. In TCM, kidney, liver and spleen were corresponding zang. Conclusion This group of patients had the same clinical features as those reported by Chinese and overseas experts, deficiency of liver and kidney yin and deficiency of both spleen and kidney yang as well as phlegm/blood stasis /humidity/heat in the body are main pathogenesis and clinical TCM type, In summary, deficiency of both liver and kidney yin, phlegm-blood stasis in the body are main pathogenesis and clinical TCM type, both their tongue and pulse expression also support this conclusion.

Improving effect of strengthening the spleen and invigorating the kidney on negative symptoms of schizophrenia patients

KANG Yu-chun;JIA Hong-xiao;ZHU Hong;LIU Jie;JIANG Zhen-kang;ZHANG Ji-zhi

2012, 33(3):  307-310.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.005

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Objective To investigate the improving effects on negative symptom of schizophrenia patients by strengthening the spleen and invigorating the kidney. Methods Sixty schizophrenia patients treated with chlorpromazine were divided into two groups, study group was treated with herbal mixture which can strengthen the spleen and invigorate the kidney, the control group was treated with placebo for 12 weeks. Positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate positive and negative symptoms. Results Total score of positive symptom scale and negative symptom scale, score of blunted effect, emotional withdrawal, poor rapport, passive and apathetic social withdrawal, stereotyped thinking in negative subscale significantly decreased after 12 weeks' treatment in study group compared with baseline (P<0.05). And this improving effect was superior to control group apart from positive symptom and blunted effect (P<0.05). However only score of positive symptom and blunted effect improved in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The method which can strengthen the spleen and invigorate the kidney have improving effects on negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Summary of Professor Li Gui's experience in using integration of traditional and western medicine to treat pediatric persistent refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

LIU Xiao-hong;CUI Hong;HAN Wei-juan

2012, 33(3):  311-314.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.006

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Objective To compare the curative effect of integrating traditional and western medicine methods of Professor Li Gui and that of the western medicine on children with persistent refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.Methods The control group was treated with azithromycin injection i.v. once per day for seven days. The patients without satisfying effect were given three more days of the treatment after a four-day-interval. After that, the patients in the control group was given methylprednisolone i.v. for three to five days. Meanwhile, they were given Yi Tan Jing, a compound solution of clenbuterol hydrochloride and ambroxol hydrochloride, from the day they came to hospital. The treatment group was treated with azithromycin injection i.v. once per day for seven days. Those without satisfying effect were treated with different types of Chinese traditional medicine instead of western medicine.Results Time for the treatment group to relief fever and cough was significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.01). And time for the treatment group to disappearance of the moist rale and wheezing rale was also significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05 and 0.01). After being given the Chinese traditional medicine, the treatment group stayed in hospital for significantly fewer days than the control group (P<0.05). The total time for the treatment group to stay in hospital was also shorter than that of the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion The effect of the combination of Chinese traditional medicine with the effect of clearing heat and detoxication, quickening the blood and transform stasis, fortifying the spleen and boosting qi and western medicine on the children with persistent refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia was much better than that of the control group.

Effect of tongfu granules on intestinal microflora barrier function in rats with antibiotic-associated colitis

LI Dan;REN Ai-min;WANG Hong;XU Shu-zhen

2012, 33(3):  315-321.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.007

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Objective To investigate the effects of Tongfu granules on intestinal microflora barrier function in rats with antibiotic-associated colitis. Tongfu granules which is a kind of Chinese traditional medicine. The present study aimed to investigate protecting effect of the medicine on impaired intestinal mucosa, and further study effects of Dahuang and Houpo which are the two main components of Tongfu granules. Methods Eighty male rats were divided into ten groups. After making the models of Lincomycin induced antibiotic-associated colitis, blood samples of rats were taken for measuring endotoxin.The colonic contents of rats were collected to culture four floras: bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus bifidus, enterococci bacillus coli. The pathological change of intestinal mucosa was observed using light microscope. Results The body weight of the model group was significantly decreased, a significant difference was shown between Houpo and Tongfu granule in weight. The endotoxin in rats of treatment group was decreased. But insignificant difference was shown among Dahuang, Houpo and Tongfu granule groups in endotoxin. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) between Tongfu granule and model group after treatment. The number of bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus bifidus, enterococci bacillus coli increased. The scores of the lesions showed a significant difference between Tongfu granule and Dahuang. Conclusion There was injury in intestinal mucosal barrier in antibiotic-associated colitis rats. Chinese Traditional medicine Tongfu granules Dahuang and Houpo had protective effects on the smalI intestinal barrier. They can decrease the endotoxin level of antibiotic-associated colitis rats. They also could recover the intestinal flora. Tongfu granule was better than Dahuang and Houpo.

Integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of acute infectious diseases

ZHANG Shu-wen;MIAO Bin

2012, 33(3):  322-325.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.008

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Acute infectious disease is a threat to human health. In recent years the medicine faces serious problems of drug-resistant bacteria, and the speed of new drug research and development is far behind antibiotic resistant bacteria development. Organ protection and improvement of microcirculation are pivotal to the cure of severe infection. Under the guidance of the theory of the combination of Chinese traditional and western medicine, the principle of the complementary strengths of Chinese and western medicine should be followed and combination of disease and syndrome diagnosis and treatment of acute infectious diseases, we achieved significant clinical curative effect. Through multicenter prospective clinical study, we summarize the syndrome of excessive heat (thermal clip wet type, Re Sheng Shang Yin type), blood stasis syndromes, purging gas barrier permits and syncope syndrome.Through the experimental study, it was confirmed by traditional Chinese medicine in acute infectious disease, bacterial resistance in organ protection, such as the role of microcirculation. Research showed that the combination of Chinese traditional and western medicine in treatment of acute infectious disease is the optimal strategy. Carry out of combining traditional Chinese and western medicine, the breakthrough of the barriers between Chinese and western medicine is the key.

丙型肝炎宿主基因型与检测

Genetic variation in IL-28B and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus

CONG Rui;TONG Xiao-fei;LIU YOU Hong

2012, 33(3):  326-329.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.009

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Objective Single nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs), close to the interleukin-28 ( IL-28B ) gene, have been associated with spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus in acute hepatitis C patients in a heterogeneous population. The authors analyzed the association between IL-28B and spontaneous clearance of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in China. Methods A total of 122 HCV- infected persons were enrolled in the study. The rs12979860, rs8099917, rs10853728, rs12980275, rs4803219, rs4803223 and rs8105790 were detected by PCR and sequencing. They were compared between spontaneously cleared HCV and chronically infected group, and different level of HCV RNA in chronically infected patients. Results Patients who spontaneously cleared HCV were younger than chronically infected group;spontaneous clearance rate of rs12979860 genotype CC/CT, rs8099917 genotype TT/TG, rs10853728 genotype CC/CG, rs12980275 genotype AA/AG, rs4803219 genotype CC/CT, rs4803223 genotype AA/AG, rs8105790 genotype TT/TC were not significantly different (22.9% vs 7.7%, P=0.146; 22% vs 9.1%, P=0.279; 22.7% vs 14.9%, P=0.293; 22.7% vs 8.3%, P=0.196; 22.2% vs 8.7%, P=0.238; 16.7% vs 30.8%, P=0.109; 23.2% vs 7.4%, P=0.123). Conclusion No significant difference in IL-28B polymorphisms was found between the two groups. However,the age of infection was associated with spontaneous clearance.

Investigation and analysis of knowledge on viral hepatitis in outpatients

KONG Yuan-yuan;SUN Ya-meng;ZHANG Qun;WU Xiao-ning;CUI Yan;MA Hong;OU Xiao-juan;YOU Hong;JIA Ji-dong

2012, 33(3):  330-333.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.010

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Objective To investigate and analyze the knowledge and attitude on viral hepatitis in outpatients, and provide the scientific basis for health education on viral hepatitis for healthcare. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the outpatients in Beijing Friendship Hospital on World Hepatitis Day. Results The awareness rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission routes ranged from 41.5% to 87.3%. Among 118 outpatients, 50.0% and 46.6% knew the disease progress of viral hepatitis B and viral hepatitis C; 59.3% and 57.6% knew when hepatitis B and hepatitis C needs to be treated; 14.4% and 39.0% knew their treatment outcomes. There was significantly lower awareness rate on the outcome of hepatitis B than that of hepatitis C (χ²=17.89,P<0.001). There was no statistically significant different in the awareness rate between the outpatients with and without any principle family member diagnosed as hepatitis patient. Of all outpatients, 39.8% still had prejudice against hepatitis patients. Conclusion It is necessary to fully improve outpatients' knowledge on viral hepatitis transmission routes. Health education on viral hepatitis should be emphasized on the knowledge of different types of liver disease among outpatients and family members of hepatitis patients.

Genetic polymorphisms of interleukin 28-B play an important role in response to treatment of chronic hepatitis C

TONG Xiao-fei;YOU Hong

2012, 33(3):  334-337.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.011

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The current standard of care for chronic infection with hepatitis C virus is pegylated interferon-alfa(PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV).Genetic variation in interleukin 28-B ( IL-28B ) play an important role in treatment response of chronic hepatitis C. It may be a strong predictor for the therapy of interferon. This paper discusses the significance of IL-28B in the therapy of chronic hepatitis C through the relationship between IL-28B and treatment response with its possible mechanism.

基础研究

Structural insights of the inhibition of human DNA topoisomerase Ⅰ

ZHU ZHAO Ming;LUO Yong;ZHAO Ming

2012, 33(3):  338-344.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.012

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The mechanism of action of drugs has been a common interest of people worked in the field of pharmacy, chemistry, biology and medicine. To explore the mechanism of action of a drug, it is important to elucidate the binding mode and interactions between the drug and its receptor. When the X-ray co-crystal structures of the drug and its receptor is available, with the assistance of molecular graphic software, the binding mode and interactions between the drug and its receptor can be visually observed at molecular level, which provides useful information in exposing the mechanism of action of the drug and designing new drugs. Taken nuclear DNA topoisomerase I as an example, this review shows how to familiarize ourselves with the relevant literature,how to understand the related advances,how to collect the structural information of bio-macromolecules from the public library,how to properly use the modeling software and how to correctly analyze the action mechanism of drugs,which are the essential knowledge and arts of the undergraduates,postgraduates,teachers and researchers in pharmacy, chemistry, biology and medicine.

Immunogenicity of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor suppository in rats and beagle dogs

CAI Yong-ming;ZHANG Chun-yun;SHEN Wen-jin;LI Ming;JIANG Ling;ZHANG Zong-peng;

2012, 33(3):  345-349.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.013

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Objective To investigate the anti-recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (anti-rhGM-CSF) antibody formation and neutralizing antibody activity of rhGM-CSF suppository in repeated-dose toxicity studies in rats and Beagle dogs. Methods The rats received vaginal suppository of rhGM-CSF at doses of 0 (placebo), 0.24, 0.96 and 3.84 mg/kg and Beagle dogs at a dose of 0 (placebo), 0.07, 0.28 and 1.12 mg/kg (daily dosing for up to 3 months), respectively. The titer of anti-rhGM-CSF antibody in serum was measured using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the neutralizing antibodies were determined by an in vitro bioassay. Results Antibodies to rhGM-CSF were detected in all the rats treated with rhGM-CSF suppository during the treatment and recovery period, and neutralizing antibodies were found in serum samples which developed binding antibodies. No anti-rhGM-CSF antibodies were observed in dogs during the experiment of all groups. Conclusion The rats serum contained rhGM-CSF binding antibodies which neutralized the biological activity of rhGM-CSF. Antibodies to rhGM-CSF were not detected in the Beagle dogs serum.

Effect of RNA interference targeting scn8a gene on migration and invasion of cervical cancer SiHa cells

PAN Hui-yan;ZHAO Qun;ZHAN Yang;ZHAO Li-hong;ZHANG Wei-hua;WU Yu-mei

2012, 33(3):  350-355.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.014

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Objective To study the effects of voltage-gated sodium channel scn8a gene (Nav1.6 subtype) on proliferation, migration and invasion of human cervical cancer SiHa cells. Methods After transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting scn8a ,the expressions of scn8a mRNA and Nav1.6 protein in human cervical cancer SiHa cells were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. MTT method was used to examine the effect of scn8a expression on proliferation of the cells. "wound healing" and Matrigel invasion test were used to detect the effect of scn8a expression on migration and invasion of the cells, respectively. Results After 48 h of transfection with siRNA targeting scn8a, the expression of relative scn8a mRNA and Nav1.6 protein levels were decreased by 62.7% (P<0.05) and 65.8% (P<0.05), respectively. The proliferation of SiHa cells at 48 h after siRNA targeting scn8a was shown no changes. The migration of SiHa cells measured by "wound healing"after siRNA targeting scn8a was inhibited by 55.6% (P<0.05), whilst Matrigel invasion of the cells was significantly reduced by 36.9% after siRNA transfection targeting scn8a (P<0.05). Conclusion siRNA targeting scn8a gene had no effect on proliferation of cervical cancer SiHa cells, but suppressed both migration and invasion of the cells.

Experimental study of hypoxia-inducible expression vector carrying VEGF gene on rabbit limb ischemia models

YIN Ai-hong;WU Wen-qi;CUI Shi-jun;TENG Xu;ZHENG Shao-peng

2012, 33(3):  356-360.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.015

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Objective To investigate the gene therapy effect of hypoxia-inducible expression vector carrying VEGF gene in rabbit limb ischemia models. Methods The rabbit models of left hindlimb ischemia were developed by ligation of the distal external iliac artery and excision of branches of femoral arteries. When the rabbit models were established, the recombinant plasmids of hypoxia-inducible expression vector 6HRE-pcDNA-VEGF165 was transferred by intramuscular injection to the left hind limb immediately. At different time points, every animal was evaluated by the measurement of lower limb calf blood pressure and angiography. Results Lower limb calf blood pressure in the experimental group which was applied of hypoxia-inducible gene expression vector carrying hVEGF was recovered rapidly than in the control group. Artery angiography showed that distal arteries were inflated earlier and there were more angiogenesis in the gene therapy group than in the control group. Also the collateral circulation was established earlier in the experimental group. Conclusion Hypoxia-inducible VEGF gene expression vector could improve angiogenesis for the rabbit limb ischemia models and improve blood circulation in ischemic limbs.

The relevance between the promoter hypermethylation of tshr and p16 gene and clinicopathological parameters in human papillary thyroid carcinoma

DAI Ya-li;CAI De-hong;CHEN Hong;ZHANG Hua;ZHANG Zhen;LI Jing

2012, 33(3):  361-365.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.016

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Objective To study the expression of the tumor suppressor gene thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (tshr) and p16 in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC),analyse of the relationship between two promoter methylation and clinicopathological parameters,and to explore the correlation between the occurrence of tumor and the aberrant promoter methylation of two tumor suppressor genes. MethodsThe promoter methylation status of two tumor suppressor gene in 50 cases of PTC and 32 cases of controls were examined by using methylation-specific PCR technique (MSP). Using gene sequencing to test if the hypermethylation existed in promoter of two tumor suppressor genes. The relationship of two tumor suppressor genes promoter methylation and the correlation between their methylation and the main clinical pathologic parameters was analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software. Results Hypermethylation was detected in 68.0% (34/50) tshr gene and 54.0%(27/50) p16 gene in PTC in promoter region while hypermethylation was detected in 21.9%(7/32)tshr gene and 15.6%(5/32) p16 gene in control in promoter region.The rate of promoter methylation in PTC was significantly higher than that in control (the χ² was 16.61 and 12.08 separately,P<0.05). The sequencing confirmed that there were the CG →TG transmission in promoter of two tumor suppressor genes.The correlation analysis showed that there was no association between tshr and p16 gene hypermethylation(r=0.23,P>0.05);The rate of tshr and p16 gene methylation was higher in PTC with lymph node metastasis than that without lymph node metastasis(the χ² was 5.82 and 5.10 separately,P<0.05). Conclusion Methylation of two tumor suppressor genes in promoter region is a common molecular event and may be involved in the genesis and development of human PTC.tshr and p16 gene promoter methylation may play a role in malignant progression of PTC.

Expression of the LIN28B and its clinical significance in colon carcinoma

PANG Ming-hui;WANG Kang;WU Gang;ZHANG Wei;DONG Dan-dan;SHUAI Ping;LIANG Yao-ze;HU Yang;LI Ping;LI Guo-xin

2012, 33(3):  366-370.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.017

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Objective To investigate and evaluate the clinical significance of LIN28B expression in colon cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the LIN28B expression in colon cancer tissue microarrays and surgically resected paraffin-embedded tissues. The expression of LIN28B was scored by 2 pathologists, and was analyzed using χ² test to explore its influences on the pathologic characteristics of colon carcinoma. Results LIN28B was upregulated in colon cancer tissue compared to normal mucosa, and its overexpression correlated with poor differentiation, higher TNM grade (Ⅲ-Ⅳ), lymph node and distant metastasis of colon carcinoma. Conclusion LIN28B overexpression correlates with aggressive pathologic characteristics of colon carcinoma, and it may serve as a prognostic factor of colon cancer patients.

Effect of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway on acute lung injury induced by oleic acid and lipopolysaccharide in rats

ZHENG Hui;XU Shao-fa;JIA Hong-yan;GU Shu-xiang

2012, 33(3):  371-376.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.018

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Objective To investigate the effect of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway(CAP) on the acute lung injury(ALI) induced by oleic acid and lipopolysaccharide in rats. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups(n=6). 1Control group: saline, 10 mL·kg^-1, intraperitoneally, 2ALI group: oleic acid was administrated with 0.15 mL·kg^-1 intravenously 30 min after intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with 10 mg·kg^-1, 3stimulation (ST) group: electrical stimulation(5V, 2 ms, 1Hz) of the right cervical vagus nerve for 10 min before and after LPS and OA administration, 4tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA) group: tetrahydroaminoacridine was given at 1.5 mg·kg^-1 intravenously before LPS and OA administration. Blood and tissue samples were collected 130 minutes after the first drug injection in all groups. TLR₂ and TLR₄ mRNA, NF-κBp⁶⁵, MPO of lung tissue and IL-6 of serum were measured respectively. The blood gas analysis, wet weight to dry weight ratio (W/D) of right lung, and pathological changes were also observed. Results As compared with group C, the pH and PaO₂ decreased markedly in group ALI while the histopathologic changes of lung tissue showed alveolar hemorrhage, necrosis and proteinaceous alveolar edema. W/D ratio, the activity of MPO, NF-κB expression and the level of serum IL-6 significantly increased. As compared with group C, the expressions of the TLR₂ and TLR₄ mRNA were markedly increased in other three groups, but no significant change was found among these three groups. As compared with group ALI, pH and PaO₂ markedly increased in group ST and group THA as well as PaCO₂ decreased. The lung tissue showed slight pathological changes. W/D ratio and the activity of MPO were significantly reduced. The expression of NF-κB p⁶⁵ protein and the amount of serum IL-6 markedly decreased. Conclusions Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve or administration of THA intravenously could protect the lung against ALI induced by LPS and OA via activating cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway; the CAP can inhibit the activation of NF-κB and reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokine but had no effect on the expression of TLRs.

Baoding community residents' attitudes and awareness of mental health knowledge survey analysis of the degree of exposure

TIAN Mei;ZHANG Yong;BAI Zhen;LIU Yan-fang;YANG Shu-en;SHI Yan-yan;MA Lei

2012, 33(3):  377-380.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.019

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Objective To Understand the Baoding community mental health status, cognitive attitude and degree of exposure, targeted knowledge of mental health promotion, to further popularize the knowledge of mental health. Methods Urban and rural Hebei province, severe mental illness treatment programs (referred to as 686 projects), two demonstration areas were surveyed, focusing on survey community physicians, community leaders, mental illness, their families and the urban and rural communities of ordinary residents, and four sets of groups were analyzed. Results (1) Four groups of knowledge of mental health awareness attitude of the patient three entries is to take a positive attitude, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001); (2) Medical care pathway choice for the four groups are psychiatric hospitals 76.57%, Followed by 13.83% in general hospitals, Primary care clinics was 6.98%, Witch "Doctor" help 2.15%;(3) Four groups of mental health knowledge of the degree of exposure, Family members of patients on the three entries to take a positive attitude. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.001); (4) The main way to obtain knowledge of mental health was television, broadcast, 40.97%, followed by books, newspapers 27.97%, 16.37% of the advocacy training, chat with friends 14.69%. Conclusion There are certain cognitive and exposure to the Baoding community mental health knowledge, there are differences between the four groups of populations, the community physicians were generally higher, ordinary residents was relatively low, we should strengthen the publicity coverage of mental health knowledge to improve the mental health of community residents.

Survey and analysis of the health state of faculty and non-teaching staff at a university in Beijing

ZHU Xian;HU Mei;PENG Xiao-xia;HOU Jie;XIN Ping

2012, 33(3):  381-384.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.020

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Objective This study was to understand the health status of the staff and implement health management effectively.MethodsAccording to the physical examination reports of 2009~2010 and the questionnaires of the teaching staff, the valid 574 questionnaires were analyzed. Results The number of the female faculty staff is more than the male staff. Those aged 40 to 60 and above accounted for 74.3%. The first six diseases are as follows: cardiovascular disease, 225cases (39.2%), chronic joint disease, 227 cases(39.5%), oral disease, 155 cases (27.1%), ophthalmic disorders, 134 cases (23.3%), ear-nose-throat disease, 101 cases (17.6%), and metabolic and endocrine system disease, 84 cases (14.6%). Conclusion The spectrum of the chronic diseases of the college teachers is almost the same as that of the chronic diseases in the society. The college teachers are becoming a sub-healthy group, so it was realized that great attention should be paid to their health. The community's medical care network and overall medical equipment and facilities should be gradually improved and health management and health education must be enhanced so as to provide better medical and health care for the staff in the universities and colleges.

临床研究

Serum levels of MIF and TNF-α in type 2 diabetic patients with and without diabetic nephropathy

MU Jun;ZHUANG Xiao-ming;LIU Rui-min;ZENG Jing-bo

2012, 33(3):  385-388.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.021

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Objective To investigate the effects of serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) , tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha)on diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods According to urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER),97 patients with T2DM were divided into normal albuminuria (group A, n=31), microalbuminuria group (group B,n=35), and macroalbuminuria group (group C, n=31), thirty healthy persons were included as control group (group D). The serum levels of MIF and TNF-a were tested by ELLSA technique. Results Concentration of serum MIF in group A, group B and group C was significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Concentration of serum MIF in group A, group B and group C was not significantly different (P>0.05). Concentration of serum TNF-a in group B and group C was significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Concentration of serum TNF-a in group B and group C were significantly higher than that in group A. Spearman correlation analysis showed that concentration of serum MIF was positively correlated with HbA1c(r=0.459,P<0.01), FBG(r=0.520,P<0.01), TG(r=0.256, P<0.05), course of disease(r=0.435, P<0.01) and was negatively correlated with HDL-C(r=-0.244,P<0.05). Concentration of serum TNF-alpha was positively correlated with UAER(r=0.254,P<0.01) and course of disease(r=0.182,P<0.05). After adjusting for age ,duration of diabetes mellitus, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, LDL cholesterol logistic regression, it was found that concentration of serum TNF-alpha was related with albuminuria. But no correlation was found with serum MIF and albuminuria. Conclusion Alteration of serum TNF-alpha may be more sensitive than serum MIF on the pathogenesis of DN in patients with T2DM. Detection of serum TNF-alpha alone or with serum MIF together may be useful to reflect the degree of renal damage in diabetic nephropathy. High Concentrations of serum MIF and TNF are risk factors that might promote the deterioration of renal function in T2DM patients with DN.

Prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in different ethnic groups in the countryside of northwest China

LIU Wei;HUA Lin;SONG Hui-ling;YANG Jin-kui;DAI Xin-wen;LIU Wan-fu

2012, 33(3):  389-393.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.022

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Objective To investigate the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in different ethnic groups in the countryside of northwest China, and the possible risk factors. Methods After stratified sampling, the study was performed in all the subjects. Level of fasting blood glucose(PBG 2h) and 2hr postprandial blood glucose were measured in all the participants using Roche's superior blood glucose meter. The FBG higher than 5.60 mmol/L (105mg/dl) and PBG2h higher than 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dl) were performed a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Questionnaire for diabetes epidemiological study was used to record the detail of all the subjects. Results The fasting blood glucose starting point was reduced to 5.6 mmol/L, and it was found that there were significant differences of diabetes and pre-diabetes in different ethnic groups (P=0.001) and gender (P=0.047). There were significant difference in the prevalence in different gender groups in both Hui (P=0.022) and Han group (P=0.001). The standardized prevalence of diabetes was higher in Hui (5.87%) than in Han (3.07%). Conclusion There were significant differences in diabetes and pre-diabetes in different ethnic groups, gender, and age. The habits in life of different ethnic groups were possible risk factors. The awareness rate was lower in all the subjects.

Predictive value of kidney injury molecule-1 testing for acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis

MENG Guang-rui;LI Chun-sheng

2012, 33(3):  394-398.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.023

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Objective This study was to evaluate whether kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) had predictive value in the early stage of sepsis-induced renal injury. Methods Totally 176 patients with sepsis were included in the study in the emergency department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital during Oct. 2007 to Oct. 2008, with 50 healthy volunteers as control group. The levels of KIM-1, beta 2-microglobulin (β₂-MG) in serum were detected respectively. The incidence rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) and death rate were recorded after 28 days follow-up. Results In the following 28 days, 51 subjects(29%)developed AKI. KIM-1 increased significantly (P<0.05) in septic patients compared with the control group. With the rising of KIM-1, the incidence of AKI increased. Logistic regression analyses showed that high urinary KIM-1 was an independent risk factor to predict creatinine increase(OR: 1.416, 95% CI: 1.155-1.737). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was greater (AUC=0.879, P<0.05) for predicting AKI. Conclusion KIM-1 increases in the early stage of renal damage, which associates with the severity of acute kidney injury. KIM-1 is a potential predictive factor in sepsis-induced renal injury.

Valsartan capsules, irbesartan tablets in the treatment of patients with diabetic nephropathy, clinical observation of 106 cases

Abudoushalamu·Abudoureyimu;LIU Tao;Mierban·Abulike;Muhuyati

2012, 33(3):  399-402.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.024

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Objective This was a prospective observational study on effects of valsartan and irbesartan in patients with diabetic nephropathy on trace urinary albumin and blood pressure.Methods A prospective observational study was conducted on 106 cases of type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (A and B), patients in group A (n = 51) were treated with valsartan 80 mg/d, those in group B (n = 55) were treated with irbesartan 150 mg/d, for 12 weeks as a course, for each course of treatment, microalbuminuria, and blood pressure were measured for a total of three courses. Results (1) Valsartan and irbesartan groups' trace urinary albumin during three courses of treatment difference had statistically significant difference (Z=-6.490 P <0.001). (2) The blood pressure of the two groups during the three courses of treatment was significantly different (P <0.05); in each course of treatment the systolic blood pressure was significantly different (P<0.05).Conclusion Both drugs could reduce microalbuminuria and had antihypertensive effect in patients with diabetic nephropathy, while irbesartan was more effective in lowering blood pressure as compared with valsartan.

Effects of different proportions of high carbohydrate intake on morbidity of hypertension of middle aged and elderly people in Zhang Fang village, Fang Shan District, Beijing

HONG Zhong-xin;WANG Jia;WU Li;GU Zhong-yi;BI Yan-xia;DING Bing-jie;LI Wei;ZHANG Li-hong

2012, 33(3):  403-408.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.025

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Objective To investigate the relationship between the proportion of carbohydrate intake and the morbidity of hypertension in middle aged and elderly people in Zhang Fang village, Fang Shan District, Beijing. Methods Totally 150 middle aged and elderly villagers were selected randomly in Zhang Fang Village,Fang Shan District, Beijing. The blood pressure and parameters of anthropometry were measured and the diet intake was investigated. According to the criterion we selected 132 villagers as the objects of our study. According to the proportion of carbohydrate intake,we separated the villagers into two groups,high proportion of carbohydrate intake group (the proportion of carbohydrate intake was more than 60%,high carbohydrate group,HC group),and none high proportion of carbohydrate intake group (the proportion of carbohydrate intake was less than 60%,none high carbohydrate group,NHC group). Results The morbidity of hypertension in this village in aged and elderly people was 59.1%. The morbidity of hypertension in HC group was higher than in NHC group significantly,especially the systolic blood pressure. There were no significant differences in age, gender, smoking, drinking, parameters of anthropometry,the intake of energy,carbohydrate,calcium,sodium and potassium between two groups. But the intake of fish, meat, nut and oil was significantly higher than those in HC group. And the intake of protein and fat was significantly higher than those in NHC group by conversion of nutrient. Conclusion When the proportion of carbohydrate intake was more than 60%,the morbidity of hypertension increased significantly,especially the systolic blood pressure. This phenomenon is related to the lower proportions of protein and fat,and has nothing to do with age, smoking, drinking, parameters of anthropometry and the intake of energy,carbohydrate,calcium,sodium and potassium.

A comparative analysis on clinical features of insulin autoimmune syndrome

CHEN Min;ZHUANG Xiao-ming;DOU Jing-tao;WANG Xian-ling;GU Wei-jun;DU Jin;GUO Qing-hua;YANG Guo-qing;BA Jian-ming;LV Zhao-hui;MU Yi-ming;LV Ju-ming

2012, 33(3):  409-413.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.026

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Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with insulin autoimmune syndrome in China, Japan and non-Asian population. Methods Compared with the clinical data among nine cases of insulin autoimmune syndrome who were diagnosed in the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, domestic cases summarized by Peking Union Medical College, Japanese cases and non-Asian cases. Results No gender difference was found in the onset characteristics of insulin autoimmune syndrome(IAS). The onset age was in a wide range and the patients older than 40 years were more frequently seen. Most Asian cases were strongly associated with Graves disease and medications containing the sulfhydryl group, such as thiamazole. Most non-Asian cases were associated with rheumatologic disease and hematologic disease. IAS was characterized by severe spontaneous hypoglycemic episodes, elevated insulin levels and positive insulin autoantibodies. The episodes of hypoglycemia occurred in both fasting and postprandial states. The prognosis of IAS was good, and the hypoglycemia always resolved completely in 1-3 months. The main treatment of IAS included diet improvement and offending drugs withdrawal, which released most Japanese syndrome. But for Chinese and non-Asian cases, they treated with oral prednisone more frequently. Conclusion The clinical features of IAS are special. To assay insulin autoantibodies is greatly helpful to distinguish IAS from the patients with hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinism. The treatment of IAS is simple and the prognosis is good. The early diagnosis and correct therapy can avoid the episodes of harmful events.

综述

Regulating function of micro RNAs in nervous system and myelination

CAO Ting;YANG Li-jun;CUI Hong

2012, 33(3):  414-418.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2012.03.027

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Micro RNAs play an important role in regulating the expression of genes in the post-transcriptional level during cell development. Micro RNA is the key regulator in nervous system. While myelin composing the axon is the essential part in central nervous system, micro RNA is also at the vital position of neurodegenerative diseases and myelination. This article reviews the possible regulating mechanisms of micro RNA in nervous system and myelination based on recently published literature.