Table of Content

21 May 2019, Volume 40 Issue 3

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Effects of Yuanzhi decoction on cognitive function and apoptosis-related protein in hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

Liu Yan, Chen Yujing, Chen Wenqiang, Huang Xiaobo

2019, 40(3):  323-329.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.001

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Objective To observe the effects of Yuanzhi decoction on spatial learning and memory ability and apoptosis-related protein in the hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Methods A rat model was developed with with ligating the bilateral common carotid arteries permanently.A total of 42 SD rats were divided into 7 groups according to the digital random method:control, model, sham, Yuanzhi decoction high[20 g/(kg·d)], medium[10 g/(kg·d)]and low[5 g/(kg·d)] dose intervention group, and the positive drug control group[donepezil hydrochloride 0.52 mg/(kg·d)] (n=6 in each group). The rats were treated with intragastric administration once a day for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze positioning navigation experiment and space exploration experiment were used to evaluate the spatial learning and memory ability in rats. Immunofluorescence staining was used to examine the expression of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3) in the hippocampus of rats.Results Compared with the control group and the sham group, the escape latency and search distance of the model group were significantly longer (P<0.01), and the search time in the quadrant of the original platform was significantly shorter (P<0.01). The high, medium and low dose of Yuanzhi decoction intervention can significantly shorten the escape latency and search distance (P<0.01), and prolong the search time in the quadrant of the original platform (P<0.01). The expression of Bax and Caspase-3 in the hippocampus of the model group were significantly increased compared with the control group and the sham group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and Bcl-2 was significantly decreased (P<0.01). The intervention of high and medium dose of Yuanzhi decoction can significantly reduce the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 (P<0.05) and increase the expression of Bcl-2 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Yuanzhi decoction could regulate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 in hippocampus and improve cognitive function of rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

Effects of baicalin on cognitive function and expression of LC-3Ⅱ and Beclin-1 proteins in hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

Chen Yujing, Chen Wenqiang, Zhang Jianxin, Liu Yan, Wu Xiling, Wang Jiandong, Huang Xiaobo

2019, 40(3):  330-334.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.002

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Objective To investigate the effects of baicalin on the cognitive ability and the expression of LC-3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 proteins in hippocampus of the rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Methods A total of 50 rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group, model group, low,medium, and high dose of baicalin groups with 10 rats in each group. The chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model was established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.Baicalin groups were treated with intraperitoneal injection of baicalin in three different dosages (60,120,240 mg·kg^-1·d^-1), while those in the other two groups were treated with the same volume of saline. After four weeks, the spatial learning and memory ability were observed by Morris water maze test, and the expression of LC-3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in the hippocampus were revealed with Western blotting.Results Both escape latency and swimming distance of the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats were significantly prolonged in comparison of those in normal control (P<0.01), and swimming time in the platform of previous quadrant was significantly shorter in model group (P<0.01). Furthermore, the expression of LC-3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 protein increased in model group compared with the control group (P<0.01). Four weeks of treatment with baicalin remarkably improved the learning and memory ability of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats (P<0.01 or P<0.05), decreased the expression of LC-3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in hippocampus of the model rats (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion Baicalin can improve cognitive ability of the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats, and inhibit autophagy by decreasing the expression of LC-3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in the hippocampus.

Effects of Jianpi Liqi formula on MLCK and PGE2-cAMP signal path in the duodenum of rats with functional dyspepsia

Zhao Luqing, Chang Xiongfei, Zhang Shengsheng

2019, 40(3):  335-339.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.003

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Objective To explore the effect of Jianpi Liqi formula(JPLQ) on myosin light chain kinase(MLCK) and prostaglandin E2-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(PGE2-cAMP) signaling pathway in the duodenum of functional dyspepsia(FD) rats. Methods Eighteen SD male rats were randomly divided into control group,FD model group and JPLQ group in a 1:1:1 ratio. Rats with FD were generated via stress-based tail clamping. Stressed rats were given JPLQ or saline in the drinking water, and the morphology of duodenum was measured by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining, mRNA expression of MLCK and PGE2 receptor subtype 1 and 4(EP1,EP4) were analyzed with quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). PGE2 and cAMP expression was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results MLCK mRNA expression in duodenum was decreased in the JPLQ-treated stressed rats as compared to the control-treated stressed rats. PGE2, EP4 and cAMP in duodenum was increased in the JPLQ-treated stressed rats as compared to the control-treated stressed rats. There was no difference of EP1 expression among the three groups. Conclusion The underlying mechanisms of JPLQ formula on FD are at least partially through the attenuation of MLCK signaling pathway and the improvement of PGE2-EP4-cAMP signaling pathway.

Core pathogenesis of sepsis in rats treated with three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine

Guo Yuhong, Xu Xiaolong, Huang Po, Liu Qingquan

2019, 40(3):  340-343.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.004

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Objective To observe the effect of Yiqiwenyang-Huoxue herbs on the mortality of sepsis in rats. Methods Septic rats were divided randomly into seven groups (control group, middle and low dose groups of Yiqiwenyang, middle and low dose groups of Yiqiwenyang Huoxue, and middle and low dose groups of Fuzhengtouxie). The rats were intragastricly administrated at 2, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 hours after operation, and the survival conditions of rats were observed.Results The mortality of sepsis rats in Yiqiwenyang Houxue group was significantly lower than that in Fuzhengtouxie group and Yiqiwenyang group. Conclusion The deficiency of Qi and stasis toxin blocking collaterals are the core pathogenesis of sepsis.

Effect of Wenshen Yangxue Decoction on follicular development in aged female rats and its impact on PI3K-AKT-FOXO3a pathway

Xin Mingwei, Zhang Ying, He Junqin, Yang Wei, Wu Ying, Yin Xiaodan, Jia Zhaoxia

2019, 40(3):  344-351.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.005

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Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of Wenshen Yangxue Decoction on promoting follicular development in aged female rats. Methods Eight-month-old ICR mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:A:blank group, B:controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) group, C:low dose group of Wenshen Yangxue Decoction, D:middle dose group of Wenshen Yangxue Decoction, and E:high dose group of Wenshen Yangxue Decoction, and given intragastric administration for 10 days continuously at regular intervals (6:00 pm). On the 11th day, female mice in the groups B, C, D and E were intraperitoneally injected with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) 10 IU/mouse. Female mice in the groups A and B were intraperitoneally injected with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 10 IU/mouse 48 hours later. At 14 hours later, ovaries and oviducts of mice were removed by laparotomy. After treatment, number of follicles and number of high quality follicles were examined, and the expressions of PI3K, P-PI3K, AKT, P-AKT, FOXO3a and P-FOXO3a were measured with qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The number of births after mating of 4 females and males was recorded for each group.Results Wenshen Yangxue Decoction could increase the number of ovulation, the number of high quality follicles and fertility of mice. Compared with blank group, the expression of PI3K mRNA in the ovary of mice in Wenshen Yangxue Decoction middle-dose group decreased, while the expression in Wenshen Yangxue Decoction high-dose and low-dose groups increased, with the difference statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of AKT mRNA in low-dose group increased, with the difference statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of FOXO3a mRNA in low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups increased, with the difference statistically significant (P<0.05), as the concentration of the TCM increased, the content of FOXO3a mRNA expression gradually decreased. Conclusion Wenshen Yangxue Decoction can promote follicular development, increase the number of ovulation, quality follicle, and embryo number in aged ICR mice by regulating the expression of PI3K, AKT and FOXO3a. Low and medium doses were found to yield the most effective results, followed by high doses.

Clinical study on improving the quality of life in patients with early and middle stages hepatocellular carcinoma

Li Muchan, Xu Chunjun, Wang Yutao, Wang Cong

2019, 40(3):  352-357.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.006

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Objective To observe the improvements of life quality of the patients with the early and middle stages hepatocellular carcinoma after treatment by using No.1 Anti Liver Cancer Prescription. Methods Thirty-six patients with early and middle stages hepatocellular carcinoma were included in this study. The patients took No.1 Anti Liver Cancer Prescription orally for 6 months continuously. The medical indicators including the quality of life and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes were measured and recorded before the treatment, at the 3nd month of the treatment and at the end of the treatment.Results ① Comparison of quality of life scores:The scores of physical function, role function, emotional function, cognitive function, social function, general health status, fatigue, pain, shortness of breath, insomnia, loss of appetite, constipation and diarrhea were improved continuously. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). ② Comparison of TCM syndromes scores:Total score of TCM syndromes was decreased during the treatment period (P<0.05). The syndrome scores of hypochondriac pain, chest tightness and easy to sigh, loss of food-intake, stomach bilges, depressed, belching, abdominal distension, gloomy complexion, dry stool, mouth stick without desire to drink, upset, irritability, bitter taste, mouth and pharyngeal dry, yellow urine, polydipsia, tinnitus, knee weakness, and insomnia were decreased during the treatment period (P<0.05). Conclusion Preliminary observation, No.1 Anti Liver Cancer Prescription was able to improve the quality of life of patients with early and middle stages hepatocellular carcinoma. It can also alleviate clinical symptoms. The meditation effect of long-term treatment is better than that of short-term treatment.

Primary investigation on clinical of Nuzhen decoction on diminished ovarian reserve in type of internal heat due to yin deficiency

Yang Wei, Li Majian, He Junqin

2019, 40(3):  358-362.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.007

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Objective To observe the clinical effect of Nuzhen decoction on diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) belonged to the type of internal heat due to yin deficiency. Methods Totally 70 patients of DOR were randomly divided into two groups using EXCEL software. The treatment group was given Nuzhen decoction and the control group was treated with Kuntai capsule. Both groups started taking medicine on the fifth day of menstruation and stopped taking medicine on the first day of the next menstruation. The treatment lasted for three months for a course. The follow-up period was 6 months. All patients were evaluated at traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome evaluation, serum endocrine index follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E₂), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B (INHB),antral follicle count(AFC).Results For both groups the TCM syndromes were effectively improved and the scores of TCM syndromes were reduced. The levels of FSH and FSH/LH in serum on the 2 nd to 4 th day of menstruation were reduced and the levels of AMH in serum and AFC were increased. These changes in the treatment group were superior to that in the control group. Conclusion Nuzhen decoction can improve ovarian reserve function by improving ovarian responsiveness.

The traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of gut microbiota and psoriasis

Liu Xin, Zhang Guangzhong, Jiang Chunyan, Xiao Shiju, Tan Yong, Qu Jianhua, Chen Yanfei

2019, 40(3):  363-368.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.008

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Psoriasis is a common systemic psychosomatic disorder characterized with immune-mediated chronic relapsing-remitting inflammation, which is closely related to intestinal flora dermatosis. The integrity and dynamic characteristics of the intestinal micro-ecology are consistent with the holistic view and perpetual motion view in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Some theories such as "The lung and the large intestine are interior-exteriorly related", "Lung relating to skin theory" and "Gut-brain-skin axis theory", and some researches on TCM maintaining the balance of intestinal microecology, provide a basis for exploring the TCM mechanism of diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis from the perspective of intestinal microecology. Based on a review of modern medical research on intestinal flora disorders and psoriasis vulgaris, this article interpreted the theories of TCM researches on intestinal flora of psoriasis, and explored the regulation function of intestinal microflora in TCM prevention and treatment of psoriasis. The new thought of TCM treating psoriasis by regulating intestinal microecology was proposed.

Correlation between endothelial function and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with untreated mild hypertension

Zhu Guohua, Sun Xipeng, Tang Hua, Hua Qi

2019, 40(3):  369-373.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.009

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Objective To compare the endothelial function in patients with untreated mild hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH), and to explore the correlation between endothelial function and left ventricular hypertrophy. Methods A retrospective analysis of 174 patients with untreated mild essential hypertension who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from April 2016 to October 2016 was performed. According to the results of echocardiography, the patients were divided into the hypertension with LVH group and the hypertension without LVH group, and the clinical characteristics, endothelial function and echocardiographic parameters were compared with each other. Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between left ventricular hypertrophy and endothelial function.Results Compared with hypertension without left ventricular hypertrophy group, reactive hyperemia index was lower and the proportion of endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia index <1.67) was higher in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the reaction hyperemia index was still associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (OR=0.230, P=0.001). Conclusion The endothelial function of patients with untreated mild essential hypertension is closely related to left ventricular hypertrophy. The decrease of reactive hyperemia index is an important risk factor for left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with untreated mild hypertension.

Relationships between left ventricular myocardial mass index and PVC-burden and serum uric acid in patients with premature ventricular contractions

Luo Hongyu, Hua Qi, Liu Rongkun

2019, 40(3):  374-378.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.010

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Objective To study the relationships between left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMI) and PVC-burden and serum uric acid (UA) in patients with premature ventricular contractions(PVCs). Methods Totally 149 patients with PVCs were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were divided into 2 groups with LVMI:the PVCs group (n=66) and the PVCs with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) group (n=83). The PVC-burden and UA level were compared and the Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors of LVH. Results Compared with the PVCs group, the PVC-burden and UA were increased in the PVCs with LVH group(P<0.05, respectively). In a binary Logistic regression analysis, age, PVC-burden and UA were the risk factors of LVH in patients with PVCs. Conclusion The LVMI was closely related to PVC-burden and UA. With the increase of PVCs burden, the patients with PVCs were prone to suffer LVH. For patients with a heavy load of PVC-burden and high level of UA, the cardiac function should be monitored on early stage and the clinical intervention should be provided in time.

Assessment of left ventricular systolic function with automated mitral annular tracking in myocardial infarction

Li Jing, Gao Jing

2019, 40(3):  379-382.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.011

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Objective To investigate the assessment of left ventricular systolic function with automated mitral annular tracking technology, compared with improved Simpson method. Methods The subjects were 80 cases including 47 healthy volunteers and 33 cases of patients with myocardial infarction. End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), stroke volume index (SI) and cardiac output index (CI) were measured with automated mitral annular tracking and modified Simpson method in the apical window at 4-chamber, respectively, and analyzed with correlation statistics. Results The r of EDV, ESV, SV, CO, LVEF, SI and CI measured with automated mitral annular tracking and modified Simpson method in normal subjects were 0.838, 0.917, 0.611, 0.579, 0.648, 0.514 and 0.541,respectively. The r of EDV, ESV, SV, CO, LVEF, SI and CI measured with automated mitral annular tracking and modified Simpson method in myocardial infarction were 0.811, 0.872, 0.797, 0.774, 0.757, 0.708 and 0.754, respectively. No statistical difference exists between the two kinds of measurements. Variation range of each indicator of left ventricular contraction function by the same observer were 1.3%±4.7%. Variation range of each indicator of left ventricular contraction function between observers were 1.8%±5.9%. Conclusion Automated mitral annular tracking has a good correlation with modified Simpson method for assessing left ventricular systolic function. Automated mitral annular tracking method and modified Simpson method have no statistical differences in left ventricular systolic function measurement. It suggests that automated mitral annular tracking method is a simple and accurate method to evaluate left ventricular systolic function.

Evaluation of acute and chronic radial artery injury after transradial coronary intervention

Niu Dan, Hua Qi, Liu Zijing, Yan Rui, Zhang Libin, Sun Yuhua, Wang Guozhong, Zhang Haibin, Guo Jincheng

2019, 40(3):  383-388.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.012

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Objective To evaluate acute and chronic effects of transradial intervention (TRI) on the radial artery (RA) with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods A total of 114 patients who underwent RA OCT examination after TRI during May 2017 to April 2018 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into the first TRI group (n=87) and the repeat TRI group (n=27) based on whether the patients had experienced a homolateral TRI before. Immediately after TRI, the sheath was extracted 2 cm distal to the puncture site. The RA was examined with OCT and then divided into three parts:proximal, medial and distal. The acute injuries including intimal tear, dissection, perforation, thrombus and spasm as well as chronic injury like intimal hyperplasia of all segments of radial artery between the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results The incidence rate of intimal tear, dissection, perforation, thrombus and spasm was 31.6%, 14.0%, 1.8%, 26.3% and 50.0%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of acute injury between the first TRI group and the repeat TRI group (tear:28.7% vs 40.7%, P=0.680; dissection:13.8% vs 14.8%, P=0.782; perforation:2.8% vs 0.0%, P=0.965; thrombus:26.4% vs 25.9%, P=0.958; spasm:51.7% vs 44.4%, P=0.509). As compared with the first TRI group, the intimal hyperplasia indexes like percentage of luminal narrowing (LN%), intima-media ratio (IMR) and intimal thickness index (ITI) were significantly higher in the repeat TRI group (P<0.05). Conclusion There was no significant difference between the repeat TRI group and the first TRI group in the incidence of acute injury. The intimal hyperplasia of RA was significant in repeat TRI group.

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled clinical study: evaluate the efficacy and safety of metoprolol tartrate tablets combined with tongmai yangxin pill on premature ventricular contraction

Sun Xipeng, Zhu Guohua, Luo Hongyu, Liu Rongkun, Yang Zheng, Li Jing, Xu Jinpeng, Geng Tong, Zhang Kaihua, Hua Qi

2019, 40(3):  389-395.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.013

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Objective To investigated the effects of metoprolol tartrate tablets combined with tongmai yangxin pill (TMYXP) on premature ventricular contraction (PVC). Methods The 584 patients with PVC were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio into 2 groups:the treatment group (n=292, metoprolol tartrate tablets 2 tablets/d combined with TMYXP 80 pills/d) and the control group (n=292, metoprolol tartrate tablets 2 tablets/d combined with simulant TMYXP 80 pills/d). The total study period was 8 weeks.Results After treatment, the number of PVC in the treatment group decreased by 4 537 times, with a decrease rate of (63 ±53)%, and the total effective rate was 76.4%. The number of PVC in the control group decreased by 3 013 times, with a decrease rate of (42 ±64)%, and the total effective rate was 51.4%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events and adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Metoprolol tartrate tablets combined with TMYXP could effectively reduce the number of PVC.

Research advances on the regulation and mechanism of microRNA-181b on cardiovascular diseases

Qi Yuan, Jing Li

2019, 40(3):  396-401.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.014

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Cardiovascular disease is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality. Numerous studies have shown that microRNA181b(miR-181b)can regulate the physiological and pathological state of the cardiovascular system by regulating the relevant target genes in cardiovascular tissues and regulating the expression of cytokines, proteases and receptors. It plays an important regulatory role in cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, arterial valve calcification, myocardial fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy and myocarditis. This article reviewed the research progresses on the role and mechanism of miR-181b in cardiovascular disease.

Differences in cardiomyocytes' survival by anti-β₁-adrenergic receptor autoantibodies of different concentrations

Wang Zhaojia, Wu Ye, Liu Dan, Wang Meili, Wei Xin, Liu Huirong

2019, 40(3):  402-408.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.015

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Objective To investigate the terminal effects on cardiomyocytes of β₁-adrenergic receptor autoantibodies (β₁-AA) at different concentrations for different time. Methods Cell survival was detected after 10^-10, 10^-9, 10^-8, 10^-7, 10^-6 mol/L β₁-AA treating neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and H9c2 cells for 24, 36, and 48 hours, while mitochondrial function (ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential) of H9c2 cells was detected after 48 hours.Results The cell survival of NRCMs and H9c2 decreased significantly by β₁-AA in high-concentrations (10^-7, 10^-6 mol/L) at any time and the survival of H9c2 proliferated slightly in low concentrations (10^-10, 10^-9, 10^-8mol/L) at any time. ATP content of H9c2 was decreased by β₁-AA in high concentration (10^-6 mol/L), while increased in medium and low concentrations (10^-10, 10^-9, 10^-8, 10^-7 mol/L). The mitochondrial membrane potential of H9c2 was decreased by β₁-AA in high concentrations (10^-6 mol/L), while increased in low concentrations. Conclusion β₁-AA damage cardiomyocytes in high concentration while it showed the positive effects in low concentrations (ie, promoting ATP production and cell survival). And all the effects had no relation to time. In conclusion, our study provides a new foundation for the differences of cardiac function among β₁-AA positive population.

Effect of G protein-coupled receptor MAS on hepatic glycolipid metabolism

Zhang Yichen, Cao Xi, Yang Jinkui

2019, 40(3):  409-416.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.016

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Objective To explore effects of G protein-coupled MAS receptor (MASR) on glycolipid metabolism in human liver. Methods Human hepatocyte cell line HepG2 was infected with MAS adenovirus. Endoplasmic reticulum stress was induced by adding thapsigargin (Tg) to detect triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and glycogen content in HepG2 cells. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis genes and glucose/lipid metabolism related genes in HepG2 cells; Western blotting method was performed for the detection of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6pase), phosphoenol phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACCα), phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase α (p-ACCα); protein level expression.Results Endoplasmic reticulum stress induced the expression of MAS gene, while MAS overexpression significantly decreased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes including C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glucose regulated protein (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), X box-binding protein 1 (Xbp1) and inositol requiring protein 1(IRE1). The expression levels of apoptosis-related genes Bax and Caspase-12 were obviously reduced. MAS overexpression reduced Tg-induced intracellular triglyceride levels, in addition to elevated levels of glycogen in HepG2 cells. At the same time, at the molecular level, the expression of G6pase and PEPCK were down-regulated both in mRNA and protein levels, and the expressions of FAS and ACCα related to lipid synthesis were also down-regulated. Conclusion MAS can improve the glucose and lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells, which may be related to the protective effect of MAS on hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis.

Effect of DCLK1 knockout on migration and invasion of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells

Fan Xiaona, Yao Jiannan, Ge Yang, An Guangyu, Li Ying

2019, 40(3):  417-423.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.017

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Objective To investigate the effect of doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) knockout on the migration and invasion of esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) cells and its potential mechanism. Methods CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technique was used to knock out DCLK1 gene in ESCC cells (Kyse450, Kyse70). Wound healing assays and Transwell assays were performed to assess the effects of DCLK1 knockout on migration and invasion of ESCC cells. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related transcription factors in DCLK1 knockout cell lines. The correlation between DCLK1 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated transcription factors were analyzed among 95 ESCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atla (TCGA) database.Results CRISPR/Cas9 technology efficiently disrupted the DCLK1 gene and abrogated its expression in ESCC cell lines. DCLK1 deficiency significantly inhibited ESCC cells migration and invasion (P<0.05), and up-regulated the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin, but decreased the levels of mesenchymal markers, such as Vimentin, ZEB1, Slug and Snail in ESCC cell lines (P<0.05). In addition, TCGA database analysis showed that DCLK1 is associated with EMT associated transcription factors in patients with ESCC. Conclusion DCLK1 knockout can affect the migration and invasion of ESCC cells by inhibiting EMT process.

Investigation on the inhibition of Sitagliptin by osmotic pump on CD26/DPPIV activity

Xue Xingkui, Han Xinhua, Cai Siqi, Chen Xiaoling, Melody Y. Zeng

2019, 40(3):  424-428.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.018

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Objective To investigate the effect of Sitagliptin on mice with subcutaneous osmotic pump. Methods Osmotic pump carrying with Sitaglipin was implanted into mice subcutaneously, and the plasma concentration of sitagliptin was measured with HPLC-MS. The skin inflammation reaction was evaluated with pathological slides. DPPIV enzyme activity was measured with ELISA. Furthermore, the CD26 expression of spleen T cell was detected with flow cytometry and T cell migration was determined with transwell system.Results The duration of plasm Sitagliptin in mice subject to instant shot was shorter while those delivered by osmotic pump was observed at 24h post implantation of osmotic pump. Inhibition of DPPIV activity, as measured by ELISA, was confirmed at 24 hours after pump implantation, highlighting the utility of this method as a longer term model for DPPIV inhibition in mice. T cell migration was stably inhibited after application of Sitagliptin with osmotic pump. Conclusion In vivo Sitagliptin administration by an osmotic pump offers an effective approach for longer-term and stable DPPIV inhibition in mice and avoids the necessity for multiple dosing of the inhibitor, making study on function of CD26/DPPIV more effective.

Effect of Qingdu Decoction on autophagy of intestinal epithelial cells in rats with severe liver injury

Zhao Mengpei, Li Aihong, Cui Ying, Che Niancong, Zhang Qiuyun, Du Yuqiong, Fu Xiuwen, Gao Lianyin

2019, 40(3):  429-433.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.019

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Objective To observe the effects of Qingdu Decoction (QDD) on endotoxin, interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-23 (IL-23) of serum, autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin-1 in experimental rats with severe liver injury. Methods A rat model of severe liver injury induced by thioacetamide (TAA) was established. SPF Wistar male rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, lactulose(LA) group and QDD group. Except the normal group, the other groups were given 12 mg/kg TAA daily for 12 weeks. At the end of the 8th week, LA group and QDD group were treated with lactulose 1.6 g/kg, Qingdu decoction 5.95 g/kg daily. After 4-week intervention, HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver and intestinal tissues. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe autophagosomes in intestinal epithelial cells. IL-17, IL-23 and endotoxin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin-1 in intestinal tissues were detected by Western Blot (WB).Results Compared with the normal group, the liver and intestinal tissue of the model group was inflamed, less autophagosomes, and the concentrations of endotoxin, IL-17 and IL-23 were significantly increased, and the contents of LC3 protein and Beclin-1 were significantly decreased (P<0.01). After the intervention of the Qingdu decoction, the inflammatory infiltration was significantly relieved, autophagosomes have increased significantly, the concentrations of endotoxin, IL-17 and IL-23 were significantly decreased, and the contents of LC3Ⅱ/LC3I and Beclin-1 were significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusion Qingdu Decoction can reduce intestinal damage, reduce the concentration of endotoxin, IL-17 and IL-23, and increase the number of autophagosomes and the content of LC3, Beclin-1 protein in rats with liver injury induced by TAA. It suggests that Qingdu Decoction may alleviate liver damage in rats with severe liver injury by promoting autophagy of intestinal epithelial cells and reducing endotoxin production and the release of inflammatory factors.

Therapeutic effect of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells on recurrent spontaneous abortion

Zhou Ping, Liu Cheng, Wang Qiushi, Zhu Zhiqing, Cao Guangming, Liu Chongdong, Zhang Zhenyu

2019, 40(3):  434-438.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.020

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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PMSC) on recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).Methods Female CBA/J mice were mated with male DBA/2 mice in 2:1 to construct RSA models (n=12). The RSA models were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group, six mice in each group. Mice in the experimental group were injected with PMSC and mice in the control groups were injected with PBS. The mice were killed on day 13.5 of pregnancy,and we calculated the abortion rate,and the weight of embryonic rat and placenta. The placental tissues were also detected to identify the Laminin and Cytokeratin 8 by immunohistochemistry.Results The embryo resorption rates in the experimental group were under the control group (P<0.05),and the weight of embryonic rat and placenta in the experimental group were higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion The embryo resorption rate in RSA mice is decreased after injected with PMCS,providing new ideas for the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Effects of ginkgo biloba extracts on neuroinflammatory responses of Parkinson's disease rats

Zhang Hui, Ma Huiqing, Wang Senmao, WangXiaojuan

2019, 40(3):  439-442.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.021

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Objective Observing the effects of ginkgo biloba extracts on neuroinflammatory factors and their regulatory factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the midbrain and striatum of Parkinson's disease (PD) rats.Methods Thirty-two 3-month old male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, low-dose group and high-dose group, and rotenone was injected subcutaneously in the back to prepare PD model. The low-dose group and high-dose group were given ginkgo biloba extracts by gavage for a total of 30 days.The cytokines of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were detected by ELISA in the striatum, and the expression of astrocytes, microglia and NF-κB in the striatum were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the control group, TNF-α and IL-1β in the striatum of the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01), and ginkgo biloba extracts significantly reversed the above neuroinflammatory responses after treatment.The expressions of GFAP, Iba1 and NF-κB in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the expressions of GFAP, Iba1 and NF-κB in ginkgo biloba extracts were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05).At the same time, we found that the above changes have significant dose dependence.Conclusion Ginkgo biloba extracts can depress the chronic neuroinflammatory response in the brain of PD rats, protect the dopaminergic neurons,which provides a new target for the clinical treatment of PD.

Effects of combined lienal polypeptide injection and postoperative chemotherapy on estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative patients

Bai Xiangdong, Hao Yating, Zhang Xinxue, He Qiang

2019, 40(3):  443-448.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.022

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Objective In this study, the effects of lienal polypeptide injection (LPI) combined postoperative chemotherapy on patients with breast cancer were explored. Methods Totally 201 cases with primary breast cancer from January 2014 to December 2017 received adjuvant chemotherapy, including 109 cases with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer and 92 cases with ER negative (ER-) breast cancer in Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital.Breast cancer patients in the ER+ group were randomly divided into the experimental subgroup and the control subgroup. The control subgroup was treated with conventional chemotherapy, and the experimental group was additionally given LPI. The effects of immune function, toxic and side effects in the two subgroups were compared.The same process was used for ER-groups.Results Compared with the control subgroup, the total number of T cells, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ in the ER+ experimental subgroup and in the ER-experimental subgroup were significantly different before and after treatment (P<0.05), and the total number of T cells, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ were increased after treatment. Compared with the control subgroup,the levels of soluble interleukin receptor-2 (SiL-2R) and malignant tumor specific growth factor (TSGF) in ER+ experimental subgroup were significantly different before and after treatment (P<0.05),and Sil-2R and TSGF decreased. Compared with the control subgroup, Sil-2R decreased significantly in the ER-experimental subgroup.The proportion of severe myelosuppression (grade Ⅲ, IV) was decreased, the proportion of oral mucositis was decreased, and the proportion of severe nausea and vomiting (grade Ⅲ, IV) was significantly reduced. The adverse reactions of high grade were greatly relieved in the ER+ experimental subgroup and in the ER-experimental subgroup.Conclusion It has improved that LPI is effective in improving the immune function, which is worth promoting in the clinical practices.

Clinical features for cesarean scar pregnancy of first trimester: a retrospective case-control study

Luo Lanrong, Li Changdong, Li Jian

2019, 40(3):  449-453.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.023

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Objective To study the clinical features of cesarean scar pregnancy(CSP)of first trimester. Methods Study group 206 CSP patients of first trimester diagnosed during the defined time span 2014-2016, were compared with a randomly selected control group of 412 patients according to 1:2 ratio. The clinical data of study and control group were compared.Results Clinical features highly correlated with CSP were:① vaginal bleeding (OR:10.38; 95%CI:6.59-16.35); ②abdominal pain (OR:3.91; 95%CI:1.74-8.81); ③uterine tenderness (OR:2.38; 95%CI:1.49-3.82). Conclusion For pregnant women with a history of cesarean section, vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain and uterine tenderness of first trimester maybe the signal of CSP and need to make caution, especially vaginal bleeding.

Clinical analysis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in 30 cases

Zhao Lidong, Yang Linhua

2019, 40(3):  454-457.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.024

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Objective To investigate the clinical features, treatment regimen and prognosis of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), and to improve the level of TTP diagnosis and treatment. Methods The clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, treatment and prognosis of 30 patients with TTP hospitalized in our hospital from April 2012 to December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 30 TTP patients, there were 14 males and 16 females, with an average age of (51.33±14.88)years, 17 with triad (57%), 11 with pentad (37%);2 with exacerbation, 2 with recurrence, 1 with refractory, and 16 with death (53%). Twenty-four patients were performed plasma exchange, and there was statistically significant difference in mortality between the plasma exchange group and the non-plasma exchange group (P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the number of plasma exchange less than or equal to 4 times and the number of plasma exchange>4 times (P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in hemoglobin, platelet and lactate dehydrogenase values before and after plasma exchange (P<0.05).Conclusion TTP diagnosis needs to be based on clinical manifestations and laboratory examination. Plasma exchange can significantly reduce the mortality of TTP patients, and should be applied as soon as possible after diagnosis.

Clinical study on aggregation effect of atopic dermatitis with different sex, age groups and skin regions

Mei Xueling, Wang Li, Zhang Ruina, Li Linfeng

2019, 40(3):  458-465.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.025

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Objective To investigate the incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) and the aggregation effect in patients with different sex, age groups and skin regions. Methods Clinical data of 5 953 patients with eczema (964 AD patients) were collected and retrospectively analyzed from 31 dermatology clinics in 13 cities from January 2014 to December 2015. The prevalence of AD in different sex, age groups and skin regions was summarized and the aggregation effect of AD was analyzed.Results Among the 5 953 patients with eczema, 964 (16.19%) were AD. There was no significant difference in the proportion of AD between male and female patients (P>0.05); there was no significant difference in age between male and female patients (P> 0.05). The occurrence rate in infants (<3 years) and children (3 years ≤ age<12 years years) was significantly higher than those in other age groups (P<0.05). Of 71 infants (<3 years group), 70 were presented in scalp, face and eyelids, while the elderly (≥ 61 years group) were mainly presented in the extremities extension. The occurrence rate in scalp, face and eyelids was higher in patients of low age (<24 years) than that in other age groups; the occurrence rate in feet-extremities extension, trunk-hands-extremities extension and neck-trunk in patients aged 24 years ≤ age<41 years was higher than that in other age groups; the occurrence rate in extremities extension in patients over 24 years old was higher than that in other age groups (all P<0.001). Among 964 AD patients, the most common skin region was extremities extension (50.10%), followed by scalp, face and eyelid (41.08%). Totally 583 patients (60.48%) were presented in the first 10 skin regions, and the average number of lesion sites was (2.07±1.12), one and two skin regions accounted for 35.06% and 37.66% of all AD patients, respectively. Patients with one skin region were mainly presented in scalp, face, eyelid and extremities extension (71.01%), while patients with two skin regions were mainly presented in feet-extremities extension, scalp, face, eyelid-neck, and trunk-extremities extension. The occurrence rate in feet-extremities extension and neck-trunk was higher in females than that in males (P<0.001), while the occurrence rate in trunk-extremities extension and cubital and popliteal fossae was higher in males than that in females (P<0.001). The occurrence rate in scalp, face and eyelid was higher in low age group (24 years) than that in other age groups (P<0.001). The occurrence rate in feet-extremities extension, trunk-hands-extremities extension and neck-trunk in patients aged 24 years ≤ age<41 years was higher than that in other age groups (P<0.001), and the occurrence rate in extremities extension in patients over 24 years old was higher than that in other age groups (P<0.001).Conclusion Sex has no significant influence on the incidence of AD in patients at different age groups. There is a significant "aggregation effect" in different age groups, especially in infancy (<3 years) and childhood (3 years ≤ age<12 years). The skin regions of AD shows some "aggregation effect", especially in patients at different age groups.

Diagnosis value of plasma miRNA-320C and miRNA-6088 in diagnosis of type Ⅱ diabetic nephropathy

Wang Rui, Wu Suping, Xu Pinying

2019, 40(3):  466-472.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.026

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Objective To study the diagnosis value of plasma miRNA-320C (miR-320C) and miRNA-6088 (miR-6088) in type Ⅱ diabetic nephropathy (T2D). Methods Fifty-six T2D patients for T2D group, 105 type Ⅱ diabetic nephropathy (DN) for DN group and 52 healthy people for normal control (NC) group were recruited from Jun. 2015 to Dec. 2016 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medicical University. The expression of circulating miR-320C andmiR-6088 were detected by RT-qPCR. Pearson analysis was used to analyze the correlation between miR-320C or miR-6088 and clinical data. And receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was drawn to test the diagnostic value of miR-320C and miR-6088.Results The expression of circulating miR-320C and miR-6088 in DN group was higher than NC group (P<0.05) and T2D group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that miR-320C or miR-6088 was positively correlated with urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), while had no correlation with the plasma levels of human glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C),triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and diabetes duration, body mass index. ROC curves of miR-320C and miR-6088 presented an area under curve of 0.834 and 0.753, respectively. After treatment, both miR-320C and miR-6088 expression were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion Circulating miR-320C and miR-6088 were highly expressed in type Ⅱ diabetic nephropathy, which may serve as useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers with type Ⅱ diabetic nephropathy.

Research progress on the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis with traditional Chinese medicine

Song Qing, Liu Zhen, Huang Da

2019, 40(3):  479-482.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.029

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Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a refractory digestive disease, which is listed as a high risk factor to gastric cancer. Up to date, the etiology and pathogenesis of CAG in modern medicine remains unclear, therefore no ideal treatment has been developed. Chinese medicine has certain advantages in treating CAG. It can not only improve the clinical symptoms of the patients, but also block and reverse the atrophy of gastric mucosa and intestinal metaplasia. In this article, we reviewed the progresses of CAG treatment with traditional Chinese medicine from the aspects of basic pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and treatment, special prescriptions for diseases, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, which shed light on treatment of CAG.

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of hyperuricemia in children with tumor lysis syndrome

Jiang Li, Zheng Huyong

2019, 40(3):  483-487.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2019.03.030

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Hyperuricemia is a serious complication of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Uric acid is the end product of purine in the human body. Almost all of the uric acid in the blood is filtered by the glomeruli, and the accumulation of uric acid caused by TLS exceeds the capacity of glomeruli, which results in "hyperuricemia". Excessive uric acid reaches tissues and organs with blood and causes systemic disease. Patients may have symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, joint pain and renal colic. If hyperuricemia causes acute urate nephropathy, severe azotemia and renal failure will occur. In the past, only allopurinol was available for pediatricians to prevent hyperuricemia, while there was no specific drug for the established hyperuricemia. In the last 16 years, Due to the use of uric acid oxidase, pediatricians have become more proficient in the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia caused by TLS. This review focuses on the hyperuricemia and clinical application of uric acid oxidase.