Table of Content

21 October 2016, Volume 37 Issue 5

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Changes of immune cells and their subsets in lungs of interleukin (IL)-33-induced allergen-independent murine model of asthma

Yuan Linjie, Chen Shihao, An Gao, Huang Qiong, Yi Dawei, Li Yan, Lyu Zhe, Wang Jingjing, Huang Kewu, Wang Wei, Sun Ying

2016, 37(5):  561-567.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.001

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Objective To explore effects of IL-33 on subsets of T cells and B cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) and natural killer T (NKT) cells in lungs in IL-33-induced murine model of asthma.Methods Mice were randomly distributed into two groups including normal saline(NS, control group) and IL-33-challenged groups. Nasal challenges with recombinant mouse IL-33 or saline were daily performed from the day 1-6,followed by every 2 days for a further 12 days. Lung functions and histological staining of lung tissue sections were used to measure airways hyperresponsiveness and inflammation.Flow cytometry was employed to determine the changes of total and phenotypes of subsets of pulmonary T cells and B cells,NKT cells and ILC2 cells, compared with those of lung. Results Compared with the NS group intranasal challenge with IL-33 induced airways hyperresponsiveness, infiltrating inflammatory cells and goblet cell hyperplasia. IL-33-challenge also increased total pulmonary numbers of cells, total CD3⁺T cells and type 2 helper cells (CD3⁺CD8^-IL-4⁺) which leading to decrease of Th1/Th2 ratio (P<0.01). In addition, nasal challenge with IL-33 increased total number of CD19⁺B cells and their subsets (B1a:CD19⁺CD23^-CD5⁺CD11b⁺, B1b:CD19⁺CD23^-CD5^-CD11b⁺ and B2 B cells:CD19⁺CD23⁺B220⁺) as well as ILC2(lineage-ICOS⁺ST2⁺) (P<0.01), but not NKT cells (CD3⁺CD8^-CD49b⁺) (P>0.05).Conclusion Local challenge with IL-33 may play role in the pathogenesis of asthma through acting directly and/or indirectly on T cells, B cells and ILC2 cells, breaking the balance of immune system and causing immune dysfunction.

Effects of dust mite allergy immunotherapy on clinical efficacy and airway hyperresponsiveness in allergic asthma and rhinitis children sensitized to dust mite

Huang Huijie, Liu Xiaoying, Hou Xiaoling, Miao Qing, Xiang Li

2016, 37(5):  568-573.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.002

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Objective To understand the clinical efficacy in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis who received the dust mite allergy immunotherapy(AIT), and to discuss the influence of dust mite allergy immunotherapy on airway hyperresponsiveness. Methods A total of 26 cases with mild or moderate persistent asthma complicated with allergic rhinitis who received the dust mite specific immunotherapy combined with drug therapy between February 2012 and November 2012 in Beijing Children's Hospital were enrolled in the case-self-control study. Results Totally 26 cases completed treatment for three years and monitoring airway hyperresponsiveness. The average daily Symptom and Medication Score (SMS) at one, two and three years after the dust mite allergy immunotherapy were 3.3±1.5, 2.2±1.6,1.1±1.3 respectively, which were significantly lower than at the baseline values (6.1±2.3) (P<0.05), ACT/C-ACT assessment at one, two and three years after AIT were 24.7±2.6, 25.0±1.5, 25.2±1.8 respectively, which were higher than that at the baseline (22.2±3.3) (P<0.05); Asthma Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at one, two and three years after AIT were 1.1±1.7, 1.1±1.03, 0.6±1.09 respectively, which were significantly lower than that at the baseline (2.8±2.5) (P<0.05). Allergic rhinitis VAS score at one and two and three year after AIT were 1.7±1.9, 1.9±1.7, 1.2±1.3 respectively, which were significantly lower than at the baseline (4.7±2.0) (P<0.05). However, the pulmonary function index was not significantly different after the treatment. Respiratory resistance (RrS) at two and three year after AIT were 7.461±2.464, 6.957±2.440, which were significantly lower than at one year(8.176±2.634)(P<0.05); Respiratory conductance (Grs) at two and three year after AIT were 0.151±0.062, 0.163±0.067, which were higher than that at one year (0.135±0.045) (P<0.05); Minimum dose of bronchoconstrictor or the amount of the cumulative dose at the inflection point where the reciprocal of Rrs (Grs) decreases linearly (Dmin) at two and three year after AIT were 9.558±9.487, 19.640±12.379, which were higher than that at one year (7.110±10.865) (P<0.05). Conclusion The dust mite allergy immunotherapy could improve symptoms significantly, reduced asthma controller medication, improved airway hyperresponsiveness but did not significantly improve the spirometric parameters.

Primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumor: report of two cases and literature review

Lu Ming, Chen Hongshan, Han Xiang, Yang Wei, Zhu Xiang, Zhu Hong, He Bei, Yao Wanzhen

2016, 37(5):  574-578.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.003

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Objective To improve the recognition of primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumor (PMMGCT). Methods We describe in detail the clinical data of 2 patients with PMMGCT, and reviewed the relevant literature. Results Patient 1, a 22-year-old man, presented with cough and dyspnea for 5 months. Chest CT showed a large homogeneous mass. Serum beta human chorionic gonadotrop(h)in (β-HCG) level was elevated. Ultrasound-guided biopsy confirmed seminoma. Patient 2, a 20 year-old man, presented with chest pain for 10 days. Chest CT showed a large heterogeneous mass, and his serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level elevated significantly. CT-guided biopsy confirmed yolk sac tumor. PMMGCT is seen almost exclusively in young men. Symptoms usually are nonspecific. Chest CT often shows a large heterogeneous mass with obliteration of adjacent fat planes. Elevated serum AFP or β-HCG can be used as diagnostic clues. PMMGCT are highly sensitive to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, followed by radiotherapy or surgical resection. Conclusion PMMGCT patients are rarely seen clinically. Respiratory and radiological physicians should raise awareness and strive for a better prognosis.

Mechanism of the increased level of plasma brain type natriuretic peptide in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Miao miao, Bu Xiaoning

2016, 37(5):  583-587.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.005

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease which can affect the cardiovascular system resulting in an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in COPD. The relationship between the cardiac markers such as brain type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its precursor and COPD becomes a hot topic. This article reviews the mechanism of the increased level of plasma BNP in patients with COPD.

Cystic fibrosis and literature review of Chinese pediatric cases

Wang Hao, Xu Baoping, Shen Kunling

2016, 37(5):  588-592.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.006

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Objective Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the life-shortening genetic diseases, involving lung and other system. The prevalence of CF in Caucasian is higher than that in Chinese. But the recent years the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in Chinese has increased. The aim of this review is to elaborate the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and the characteristics of Chinese pediatric cases with CF.

Radioactive stent for treatment of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Shen Wei, Liu Yan

2016, 37(5):  593-596.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.007

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Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new radioactive stent for treatment of advanced extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Methods This is a non randomized retrospective study. Nine patients were involved.Radiation dose was determined by a new treatment planning system (TPS). Then the new radioactive stents were implanted by duodenoscope. Actual radiation dose,time of the stent patency and survival period was observed. Results Successful operations were achieved in 9 patients. The actual radiation dose was (57.10±21.14) Gy. The median survival period was 397 days. The average patency time was 125.7 days and 101.8 days in plastic stent combined and single radioactive stent respectively. Conclusion The radioactive stent was safe and effective in patients with advanced extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

How to improve the efficacy of endoscopic intravariceal plus paravariceal injection lauromacrogol sclerotherapy for treatment of esophageal varices

Xu Changqin, Liu Hui, Xu Hongwei

2016, 37(5):  597-601.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.008

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Objective To investigate the efficacy of Endoscopic intravariceal plus paravariceal injection lauromacrogol sclerotherapy for treatment of esophageal variceal and the methods to improve the efficacy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the 260 patients who underwent endoscopic intravariceal plus paravariceal injection lauromacrogol sclerotherapy. Then we observed the efficacy for emergency hemostasis and remission and complications of the endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS). Results ①The efficacy of the therapy was associated with the times of therapies. The efficacy of therapy for every time was very significant (P≤0.001). The rate of esophageal varices remission was 96.55% (28/29) and that of recovery to G1 or disappeared was 82.76% (24/29) after four times of therapies. ②Success rate of emergency endoscopic hemostatis was 94.20% (65/69).③Thirteen patients with early rebleeding and 27 patients with late rebleeding, 4 patients had complications including 2 patients with esophageal mucosal erosion and bleeding and 2 patients with esophageal stenosis, they received treatments and recovered. Conclusion Endoscopic intravariceal plus paravariceal injection lauromacrogol sclerotherapy for treatment of esophageal varices was effective and safe, and the efficacy can be improved with more times of treatments and short intervals.

Analysis of the effect of different sequential therapy on the treatment of esophageal varices bleeding for secondary prophylaxis

Wang Fang, Chen Mingkai, Xiao Yong, Liu Shiqian, Zeng Xi, Wu Nannan, Zhang Jin, Li Xin

2016, 37(5):  602-606.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.009

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Objective To investigate the effect of different sequential therapy on the treatment of esophageal varices bleeding (EVB) in patients with liver cirrhosis on secondary prophylaxis. Methods Data of 62 cases with a clear diagnosis of cirrhosis complicated with EVB (endoscopic grading was severe) and undergone endoscopic treatment were collected, and the patients were randomly divided into three groups:ligation sequential for ligation group (22 cases), sclerotherapy sequential for sclerotherapy group (10 cases), ligation sequential for sclerosing agent group (30 cases). Different pathologic distribution in three different treatments was not significantly different (P>0.05). More than 1 years of follow-up, and death within less than 1 year, rebleeding after operation and loss to follow-up were the end points of the operation in the retrospective analysis. Detailed records were made for all cases with related complications, 5 days of treatment failure rate, 6 weeks mortality, the rate of rebleeding of 1 year, the average days of stay in hospital and the cost of hospitalization. Results (1) The comparison of number of cases with complications between ligation sequential for ligation group, sclerotherapy sequential for sclerotherapy and ligation sequential for sclerosing group demonstrated that the number of esophageal stenosis and infection in sclerotherapy sequential for sclerotherapy was more than that of the other two groups, with a significant difference (P<0.05). (2) There was no significant difference (P>0.05) among the three sequential ways in failure rate 5 days post-treatment and the mortality rate six weeks post-treatment. But the rate of rebleeding one year post-treatment, the effect of ligation sequential for sclerosing group was quite good, there was no rebleeding. While the the rebleeding rates were higher than the other two groups (ligation sequential for ligation group, sclerotherapy sequential for sclerotherapy group). (3) As to the average length of be hospitalization and the costs, the ligation sequential for sclerosing group had relatively short hospital stays and lower costs. Conclusion Endoscopic sequential treatment is an important method of treatment for EVB. The failure rate 5 days post-treatment and the mortality rate six weeks post-treatment of ligation sequential for sclerosing group were lower, compared to the other two sequential treatment modalities. But it has more advantages on the rate of rebleeding one year post-treatment and in medical resources and saving cost.

Research progress in endoscopic treatment of early esophageal carcinoma and precancerous lesion

Wang Lei, Li Peng

2016, 37(5):  607-610.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.010

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Esophageal carcinoma is one of the common malignant tumors in the world and the incidence and mortality rates are the highest in China. Endoscopic technique is an important means of early diagnosis of esophageal cancer, with its rapid development, has gradually replaced the traditional surgery, become the main means of early esophageal cancer treatment. This article reviews endoscopic treatment methods, such as endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), multi-band mucosectomy (MBM), endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and their progress in endoscopic treatment of early esophageal carcinoma.

The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in gastric corpus of 6-OHDA rats

Ren Qinzhan, Zheng Lifei, Liu Wei, Zhu Jinxia

2016, 37(5):  611-615.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.011

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Objective To study the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in gastric corpus of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) treated rats and explore the underlying mechanism of enteric glial cells in gastroparesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods 6-OHDA PD rat model was made by microinjecting 6-OHDA into bilateral substantia nigra. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the substantia nigra and the expression of GFAP and neurofilament (NF) in gastric corpus of 6-OHDA rats. Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of GFAP and NF in gastric corpus of 6-OHDA rats. Results In rats treated with 6-OHDA, the number of TH-IR neurons in the substantia nigra was significantly reduced; Immunofluorescence results showed that both GFAP and NF expression were distinctly decreased in gastric corpus of 6-OHDA rats; Compared with the control rats, the protein level of GFAP was significantly decreased in gastric corpus of 6-OHDA rats by Western blotting. Conclusion The results suggest that decrease of NF and GFAP in gastric corpus may play a role in the course of gastroparesis of 6-OHDA rats, which may provide a new idea for prevention of gastroparesis in PD.

Comparison between different methods to detect the subcellular localization of proteins

Ji Xiaofang, Li Liying, Chang Na

2016, 37(5):  616-620.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.012

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Objective To compare different methods for detecting the subcellular localization of proteins. Methods Using high content analysis to count the cytoplasmic or nuclear fluorescence intensity of proteins. Results Cytoplasmic or nuclear proteins were separated and detected by Western blotting. Conclusion The cytoplasmic translocation of protein was detected by these two different methods conclusion high content analysis is better than Western blotting for detecting the subcellular localization of proteins.

Neuronal hemoglobin in mitochondria is reduced by forming a complex with α-synuclein

Yang Weiwei, Li Xuran, Li Xin, Li Xuying, Yu Shun

2016, 37(5):  621-625.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.013

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Objective In this study, we observed whether α-synuclein (α-syn) and neuronal hemoglobin (nHb) formed a complex in different subcellular pool of brain regions in aging cynomolgus monkeys. Methods The levels of nHb-α-syn complex were detected in different subcellular pools of different regions in aging monkey brains using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of free α-syn and nHb were detected in different subcellular pools of aging monkey brains by Western blotting. Results In the striatum, cytoplasmic nHb-α-syn complex increased with age, while mitochondrial nHb-α-syn complex decreased with age and was accompanied by a reduction in mitochondrial free nHb (P<0.05). In contrast, no changes in nHb-α-syn complex formation or free nHb levels were detected in the cerebellum in young, middle age and aged monkey brains. Conclusion The above results suggest that α-syn forms a complex with nHb in selected regions of the aging brain.

Effect of chelating zinc on expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α in the penumbra of rats following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

Fang Yalan, Li Sen, Zhao Yongmei, Yan Feng, Yin Jie, Luo Yumin, Liu Kejian

2016, 37(5):  626-630.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.014

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Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) during reperfusion in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion model and the changes of HIF-1α expression by removing zinc with zinc chelatorN,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine, TPEN], and to explore the probable mechanism by which zinc involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods Forty-five male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups randomly:Sham group, MCAO group, and MCAO+TPEN grouprats received TPEN (15mg/kg, i.p.) once 30 min before MCAO]. There were 15 rats in each group. MCAO operation was performed by using suture method. The rats underwent right MCAO for 90 min. The rectal temperature and mean arterial blood pressure were monitored to keep in normal range during the operation. At 3, 12 or 24 h after reperfusion, brains were removed. The expression and location of HIF-1α were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent staining. Results 1) No HIF-1α positive cell was observed in the brain of Sham group rats. The number of HIF-1α positive cells in the penumbra of MCAO group showed time-dependent increasing tendency within 24 hours after reperfusion (P<0.01). 2) At 3, 12 and 24 h after reperfusion, the numbers of HIF-1α positive cells in the penumbra of MCAO+TPEN group rats decreased significantly compared with those of MCAO group rats (P<0.01). 3) HIF-1α-positive immunoreactive cells were colocalized with the general neuronal marker, NeuN, in MCAO rats. Conclusion The level of HIF-1α in neurons increased along with the extension of reperfusion time in focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats. The expression of HIF-1α was decreased by removing intracellular zinc in MCAO rats, suggesting that zinc may be involved in the ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting the expression of HIF-1α.

Association between uric acid and metabolic syndrome among adult people from a 3-A hospital in Beijing

Li Haibin, Tao Lixin, Guo Jin, Liu Xiangtong, Yang Kun, Cao Kai, Wang Chao, Yan Yan, Guo Xiuhua

2016, 37(5):  631-635.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.015

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Objective To investigate the association between uric acid(UA) 1evels and metabolic syndrome(MS)in the adults in Beijing. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in health examination population from a 3-A hospital in 2012 in Beijing. MS was identified by the joint interim statement of Internal Diabetes Federation (IDF), American Heart Association (AHA) and National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in 2009. All subjects were investigated by using the standardized questionnaires,physical examinations and biochemical measures.UA levels were divided into different groups based on the quartiles.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between uric acid levels and metabolic syndrome after adjusted age and sex.Results 1 0061 subjects mean aged (43.35±13.18)consisted of 6 089 males and 3 972 females were included in this study. According to quartiles of UA levels, subjects were divided into four groups:Q1(<264.85 μmol/L),Q2(264.85-324.00 μmol/L),Q3(324.01-383.25 μmol/L),Q4(≥383.26 μmol/L).After adjusted for age and sex, compared with Q1, the lower quartile of UA, the odds ratio(OR) of Q2 and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.987 (1.570-2.514), the OR of Q3 was 3.144 (2.470-4.000)and Q4 was 5.821 (4.573-7.410), respectively.Conclusion Uric acid is associated with MS in Beijing adult's population.

Studies of serum biomarkers to differentiate and diagnose acute pneumonia pathogens infection

Liu Meng, Dou Yunpeng, Gu Li, Lyu Zhe, Wang Yimin, Liu Yingmei, An Yunqing, Cao Bin

2016, 37(5):  636-640.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.016

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Objective To provide the experimental basis of a rapid immune colloidal gold test which used to differentiate and diagnose acute pneumonia patients infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)/virus/bacteria. Methods The level of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) in the serum of acute pneumonia patients with definite infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae/virus/bacteria and healthy controls were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results There were 78 serum samples from healthy controls, 46 from acute MP patients, 42 from acute bacterial and viral pneumonia patients (7 from bacterial pneumonia and 35 from viral pneumonia patients). (2) PDGF values of healthy controls were all less than 6 000 pg/mL; BPI values were all less than 80 ng/mL. (3) If definition of the baseline value of PDGF which could diagnose acute MP infection is as 6 000 pg/mL, the positive detection rate of MP pneumonia patients was 93.47% (43/46), and the MP false positive rate of patients with viral or bacterial pneumonia was 7.14% (3/42). (4) If definition of the baseline value of BPI which could diagnose acute bacterial infection is 80ng/mL, the positive detection rate of patients with bacterial pneumonia was 85.71% (6/7), and the bacteria false positive rate of viral pneumonia patients was 3.22% (1/31). Conclusion Using PDGF's baseline value as 6 000 pg/mL and BPI's 80 ng/mL to differential diagnosis has some clinical significance to differentiate acute MP/virus/bacterium infection.

Spatiotemporal distribution and spatial clustering of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the mainland of China

Geng Yahui, Wang Chao, Xu Qin, Huang Fangfang, Guo Xiuhua

2016, 37(5):  641-645.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.017

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Objective To explore the temporal, spatial characteristics and the changing trend of clustering of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in China. Methods The spatial auto-correlation analysis (Moran's I and Getis G) were used to conduct spatial statistical analyses of HFRS surveillance data during 2006-2010 in China at the regional level. Results The incidence of HFRS had two peaks (in June and November) in each year. Global Moran's I coefficients were 0.054 0, 0.038 2, 0.024 8, 0.033 5 and 0.024 5 from 2006 to 2010, respectively (all P<0.05). The local autocorrelation analysis showed that high-high cluster mainly distributed in Shandong, Jiangsu, Hainan and Shaanxi provinces. The main locations of HFRS hotspots gradually changed year by year. Conclusion A seasonal periodicity with two peaks per year were found in HFRS in China. The spatial clustering of HFRS incidence from 2006 to 2010 was low-level and clustering areas were changing from mainly distributed in Hainan, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to Shaanxi, Ningxia and surrounding provinces.

Antihyperglycemic effect of glargine injection in rat model of type 1 diabetes

Song Zihui, Zhang Huixia, Xiang Zongshang, Fan Mingyuan, Cai Yongming, Zhang Zongpeng

2016, 37(5):  646-650.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.018

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Objective To evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of glargine in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes in rats. Methods Hyperglycemic type 1 diabetic rats were obtained by intravenous injection of 2% STZ at the dose of 58 mg/kg and the success was adjudged by fasting glucose (≥ 16.7 mmol/L) within 3 consecutive days. Subsequently, 75 hyperglycemic rats were divided into five groups randomly and were treated with different doses of glargine, Lantus or control vehicle for 9 weeks, respectively. Meanwhile, a group consisted of 15 euglycemic rats was regarded as the control group and injected with control vehicle as well. Blood glucose levels, body weights, food intake and water intake in chow fed rats were measured weekly. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were determined by automatic analyzer and glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) was measured by rat glycosylated hemoglobin assay kits. Results Compared with model-control, an increase in body weight and a decrease in food intake were observed in rats treated with different doses of glargine. Also, glycemic levels in glargine group rats began to decline at 1 h post-injection, achieved minimally at 2 h and maintained for the following 8 hours. The reduction of GHb was dose-dependent and the decrease of serum concentration of BUN and TG was significant. Conclusion Glargine, consistent with Lantus, can lower the blood glucose in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic rats remarkably when injected twice daily with the dose of 4~8 IU/kg. It has the potent protection of kidney and regulation of blood lipid by decreasing serum concentration of BUN and TG, and could reduce the risk of diabetes complications by decreasing GHb level, as well.

Primary cardiac tumors:a clinicopathological analysis of 34 cases

Yang Yi, Weng Yan, Li Xiangli, Li Chunfeng, Ma Ping, Xue Fang, Ruan Yingmao

2016, 37(5):  651-656.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.019

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Objective To summarize histopathological features and outcome of surgical treatment of primary cardiac tumors. Methods We analyzed retrospectively clinical records and tissue sections in 34 cases of primary cardiac tumors, who were treated with surgical resection in the First Hospital of Tsinghua University from 2003 to 2015. Results Thirty-four cases were found to have primary cardiac tumors, of whom 29 had benign tumor, the most common one was myxoma (in 20 cases) and 5 cases had malignant tumors. Their age ranged from 4 months to eighty-three years (mean age=37 years) and 17 of them were male, the other 17 were female. Conclusion Primary cardiac tumor is rare. Most patients were in adolescents. There are many types in primary cardiac tumors, and their morphologic structures are complex. Most of the tumors are myxoma. Effective treatment is a surgical resection of the tumors. The prognosis is mainly dependent on pathological type, growth characteristics and location.

Visualization analysis of the Capital Medical Universitys articles in SCI

Gong Jiajian, Liu Yuting

2016, 37(5):  657-663.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.020

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Objective To visualization analysis the Capital Medical University's Science Citation Index(SCI) articles in the last ten years.Methods This article will relate with the recent 10 years' citations of Capital Medical University in Web of Science, then we will use the visualization analysis tools such as Bibexcel, Pajek, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and bibliometrics statistics, word co-occurrence, author co-occurrence, social network analysis methods, to analyze the citations from the aspects of annual article number, publishing journal, author cooperation networks, country cooperation networks, article influence, research hot fields through visual figures and charts.Results The number of Capital Medical University's SCI articles had a rapid growth, a steady increase in the influence of the literatures, there were obvious disciplines advantages, several hot areas, but the balanced development of all areas was needed. Conclusion Capital Medical University should strengthen basic medicine and interdisciplinary construction in the future based on the dominant disciplines, focused on improving the quality and impact of journal articles, further strengthened international cooperation, enhanceed the international influence of academic papers.

Effects of high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for the hypoxemia following cardiac surgery

Yang Yi, Liu Nan, Hou Xiaotong, Sun Lizhong, Wang Hong, Jin Qi

2016, 37(5):  664-671.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.021

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Objective To assess the efficacy of the high-flow nasal cannula(HFNC) and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in hypoxemia following extubation after cardiac surgery, and the effect on re-intubation rate,intensive care unit(ICU) time and hospital stay.Methods Forty patients recovering from the cardiac surgery operation in the Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital between Feb 1, 2016 and July 1, 2016, and meet the inclusion criterion after extubation,were investigated.The patients were random divided into two groups(simple randomization with RandA1.0 software),each group contained 20 patients:HFNC vs NPPV (age of year 52.9±7.8 vs 53.8±8.9,P>0.05;male 65% vs 70%,P>0.05;APACHE Ⅱ 9.4±2.2 vs 9.3±2.2,P>0.05).Initial settings:HFNC:the flux was 45L/min,temperature 37℃,and the fraction of inspired oxygen(FiO₂) was adjusted to 60%-80%;NPPV:inspiratory pressure (IPAP) of 10-12 cm H₂O(1cmH₂O=0.098 kPa), expiratory pressure (EPAP) of 4-6 cmH₂O, FiO₂ 60%-80%,radio of inspiration and expiration(I:E)1:1.5-2. The parameters of setting were adjusted with therapeutic effect and tolerance of patients.Make a comparison with the two groups in the clinical effect at different times(2 h,8 h,24 h and end of therapy),and to compare their complications, re-intubation rate,tracheotomy rate,intensive care unit(ICU) duration and hospitalization time.Results Compared to NPPV treatment group PaO₂/FiO₂ was higher in the HFNC group (P<0.05);and PaCO₂ was lower in the HFNC group (P<0.05); respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) were lower in the HFNC group (P<0.05).The main complications such as flatulence (0 vs 20%,P<0.05)and intolerance (0 vs 25%,P<0.05) were less in the HFNC group.Therapeutic time was shorter in the HFNC;but no significant difference showed in the re-intubation rate,tracheotomy rate,ICU duration and hospitalization time.Conclusion For the patients of the hypoxemia after cardiac surgery postoperative extubation,with the better tolerance and fewer complications, HFNC can improve the oxygenation, decrease PaCO₂,and slow the respiratory frequency, heart rate, decrease the mean arterial pressure,compared to the NPPV therapy. But no statistically difference showed in the re-intubation rate,tracheotomy rate,ICU duration and hospitalization time.

MR enhancement features of multistep hepatocarcinogenesis in HBV-related cirrhotic livers: correlation with GPC-3 and CD34

Zhang Qi, Li Hongjun, Li Yunfang, Zhang Yanyan, Yuan Xingxing, Chang Jing

2016, 37(5):  672-679.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.022

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Objective To study the correlation between MR(magnetic resonance) enhancement features and GPC-3 (glypican-3) and CD34 expression in hepatic B Virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis nodules. Methods This retrospective study collected 47 pathology proven nodules in 44 HBV-related liver cirrhosis patients, who underwent MRI and made the time-signal curve of dynamic enhancement, and we also evaluated the immunohistochemical biomarkers levels of GPC-3 and CD34. Results 1) In the 47 nodules, GPC-3 positive rate in early hepatocellular carcinoma (eHCC), high grade dysplastic nodule (HGDN), low grade dysplastic nodule(LGDN) were 78.9%, 26.1% and 0%, respectively (P=0.000), CD34 positive rates were respectively 78.9%, 56.5%, 0%, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.005). 2) The MR time-signal features at different stage of nodules, GPC-3 positive and negative nodules, CD34 strongly positive and weakly positive and negative nodules, were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion 1) MR time-signal curve has a certain differential diagnostic value for early stage of HCC. 2) GPC-3 is a highly specific biomarker for the malignance, while MR time-signal curve inclined to show rapid rise type. 3) CD34 expression was positively correlated with MR time-signal curve.

Evaluation of the performance of chromogenic agar in the screening group B streptococcus from pregnant women

Zhang Shuchen, Wang Shan, Zhu Fengxia, Shi Yanli, Li Dong, Lu Binghuai

2016, 37(5):  680-683.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.023

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Objective To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and selective capability of chromogenic agar in the screening group B streptococcus (GBS) in the pregnant women. Methods A total of 312 rectum/vaginal swabs, collected from pregnant women, as well as 9 known GBS strains, were inoculated on the blood agar plates (BAP) and chromogenic medium chromID Strepto B agar (STRB) directly and after the selective enrichment, respectively. The screening results of the above-mentioned methods were compared. Results The STRB showed the excellent performance for GBS detection and outperformed BAP. The selective enrichment is an essential step to screen the GBS isolates due to its higher sensitivity(95.65% vs 86.96%)while both methods have the similar specificity. Conclusion STRB demonstrated good detection rate of GBS for its direct identification and effective inhibition of non-targeted bacteria.

Clinical effect of anterolateral approach hemi hip arthroplasty in old patients with femoral neck fracture and cerebral infarction sequela

Zhang Bo, Lin Yuan, Wang Zhiwei, Ren Shixiang, Wen Liang

2016, 37(5):  684-687.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.024

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Objective To evaluate clinical effect of anterolateral approach hemi hip arthroplasty in old patients with femoral neck fracture and cerebral infarction sequela. Methods From March 2009 to March 2014, 26 patients with femoral neck fracture and cerebral infarction sequela with an average age of 76.4 years (69-89) were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital. All of the patients received the hemi hip arthroplasty through anterolateral approach, and imaging findings, Harris hip score as well as the occurrence of adverse events were recorded at the last follow-up. Results Eventually 26 patients were included with an average follow-up of 44.8 months (15-72 months). All of the X-rays have shown good prosthesis position, according to Harris score evaluation, 2 cases were excellent (90-100), 14 cases were good (80-90), and 6 cases were medium (70-79), 4 cases Corresponding author, Email:Linyuan@medmail.com.cnwere poor (<70), the fineness rate was 61.5%. Five cases suffered from postoperative complications and in 1 of cerebral infarction patients the disease recurred. None of them developed dislocation. conclusion Anterolateral approach hemi hip arthroplasty is less traumatic, clear and convenient to operate, and has other advantages, at the same time it can greatly reduce the incidence rates of dislocation, and clinical effect is satisfactory.

Effects of Zi Gui Nv Zhen capsule on recurrent spontaneous abortion

Li Jiayin, Li Yanglu, Ruan Xiangyan, Li Yulin, Liu Minru

2016, 37(5):  688-692.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.025

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Objective To observe the effects of Zi Gui Nv Zhen capsule on recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Methods Seventy-six RSA patients were divided into study group (n=45) and control group(n=31) randomly. The patients in the study group were treated with estradiolhemihydrates patches combined with Zi Gui Nv Zhen capsules, and the those in control group were treated with estradiolhemihydratepatches alone. Both groups were treated for 3 cycles. The endometrium thickness and type, the pulsation index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of uterine helicine artery blood flow after ovulation were monitored, serum estradiol and progesterone were detected in luteal phase. The clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were followed up. Results After treatment for 3 cycles, the study group obtained more type A endometrium, lower PI and RI significantly, and the endometrium thickness in study group increases more than that in control group significantly. After one year, the study group obtained higher clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate significantly. Conclusion Estradiolhemihydratepatches combined with Zi Gui Nv Zhen capsule can improve the endometrial blood flow and corpus luteum function, optimize the type of endometrium in RSA patients, improve the endometrium receptivity, and increase their pregnancy rate and live birth rate. It indicates that Estradiolhemihydratepatches combined with Zi Gui Nv Zhen capsule provide new treatment method for RSA patients.

Autophagy: intracellular “scavenger”——introduction of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016

Liu Jia, Yang Hui

2016, 37(5):  699-702.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.027

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The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016 was awarded to Yoshinori Ohsumi for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy.

The 2016 Lasker Awards

Li Yuzheng, Zhang Ting, Wang Xiaomin

2016, 37(5):  703-710.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.028

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In September 13, 2016, the list of winners of the year's Lasker Awards were released. The 2016 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award honors William G. Kaelin, Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza, for their discovery of the pathway by which cells from human and most animals sense and adapt to changes in oxygen availability, a process that is essential for survival. The 2016 Albert Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award honors Ralf F. W. Bartenschlager, Charles M. Rice and Michael J. Sofiafor, who developed a system to study the replication of the virus that causes hepatitis C and used this system to revolutionize the treatment of this chronic, often lethal disease. The 2016 Lasker Award for Special Achievement in Medical Science honors Bruce M. Alberts for fundamental discoveries in DNA replication and protein biochemistry; for visionary leadership in directing national and international scientific organizations to better people's lives; and for passionate dedication to improving education in science and mathematics.

Understandings of and attempts to soliciting manuscript for English science and technology journal: a case study of Journal of Translational Neuroscience

Zhuang Ying, Zhang Jianjun, Zhang Junmin

2016, 37(5):  711-714.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2016.05.029

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Objective As a new English journal, Journal of Translational Neuroscience needs to enhance its academic level and amplify its social impact as soon as possible so as to quickly win a place in the international professional academic field, for which soliciting manuscript is a key way to get high-quality academic papers.Methods From several aspects of determining journal academic style, adopting varied flexible contribution soliciting ways, analyzing the solutions to the potential problems in manuscript-soliciting process and discussing ways to offer follow-up services, the methods and ways of soliciting journal contribution are preliminarily analyzed and discussed. Results Locking the target authors groups through the accurate positioning of journals, relying on the advantages of resources in our own journal, participating in academic conferences, obtaining stable excellent author groups through the soliciting contributions by editorial board members and offering superior follow-up services, our journal could obtain the continuous and high-quality manuscripts.Conclusion Manuscript-soliciting can solve the thorny problem of the lack of contribution and excellent contribution at early journal launching stage, and help the journal out of the dilemma to develop in the right direction.