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Analysis of human papilloma virus genotypes distribution characteristics and risk factors of the recurrence in male patients with condyloma acuminatum Wang Jianlei, Zhu Tian, Han Yu, Wang Yue, Wen Chunmiao, Wei Jia Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (1): 148-153.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.01.022 Abstract （468）      PDF（pc） （1092KB）（460）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To describe the genotype distribution characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in male patients with condyloma acuminatum (CA). To explore the potential risk factors of the recurrence and provide scientific reference for the prevention and treatment of CA. Methods Total of 167 male CA patients who visited dermatology and venereology department of Civil Aviation General Hospital were selected as the research subjects. HPV genotypes were detected in skin tissue of the patients by DNA chip technology. A patient questionnaire was designed and compiled to collect the sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behavior characteristics, disease characteristics and lifestyle characteristics of the patients. The risk factors for male CA recurrence were analyzed using univariate and multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis in the study. Results Among the 167 male CA patients, the top 5 infection rates of HPV were HPV6 (62.28%), HPV11(39.52%), HPV16(17.37%), HPV42(14.37%) and HPV43(11.38%), respectively. Single infection accounted for 42.51%, mixed infection accounted for 57.49%; Low risk HPV infection accounted for 97.18% of single infection. In the mixed infection, the high - low - risk mixed type accounted for 93.75%. Long course of disease (OR=6.447), high-risk HPV infection (OR=4.868), number of 5 or more lesions (OR=5.780), staying up late (OR=4.149) and smoking (OR=3.671) were independent risk factors for male CA recurrence (P＜0.05). Conclusion HPV infection in male CA patients is mainly low risk HPV 6 and 11, mixed infection is higher than single infection, and the high-low-risk mixed infection is more common. HPV type, course of disease, number of lesions and bad living habits are closely related to the recurrence of male CA, and corresponding prevention and treatment measures should be taken accordingly in clinic. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progresses on the effect of estrogen on innate immune cells Li Ziyi, Wang Xi, Liang Pu Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (2): 351-357.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.02.025 Abstract （401）      PDF（pc） （480KB）（375）       Knowledge map    Save The immune system has gender dimorphism. Females mount stronger innate immunity and adaptive immune response  than males, and female sensitivity to multiple pathogenic infections and malignant tumors is lower. Meanwhile, women are more likely to develop autoimmune diseases. One of the important factors responsible for these sex differences, estrogen, exerts a wide range of biological effects in the human body. Currently, estrogen has been reported to regulate the differentiation, maturation, longevity, and effector function of innate immune cells, including neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells. This review discusses in detail how estrogen regulates the normal physiological function of immune cells and its different roles in various disease states. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in modern immunology in infectious diseases, allergic diseases, tumors, and neurological disorders Chen Yan, Zhang Xulong, Xu Jiangnan, Jia Yufeng, Sun Ying Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (2): 179-185.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.02.001 Abstract （290）      PDF（pc） （507KB）（354）       Knowledge map    Save Immunology, as an interdisciplinary subject, involves a variety of subjects and many aspects of different diseases. For the past few years, many breakthroughs have been made in basic and clinical research of immunology, which has deepened the understanding of immunological response and its regulatory mechanism in many common diseases. These findings provide a new scientific basis and clinical means of prevention and treatment for the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases. In this review, we  focus on the key cells and important signaling pathways in immunology, and the role of cytokines in infectious diseases, allergic diseases, tumors and neurological disorders. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in the pathophysiology of diabetes retinopathy Feng Xiaotong, Ke Jing, Zhu Lin, Zhao Dong Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (3): 420-423.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.03.010 Abstract （905）      PDF（pc） （376KB）（320）       Knowledge map    Save Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the important causes of blindness in adults, seriously threatens the life quality of patients with diabetes mellitus and brings heavy economic burden to the society. Previous studies have shown that the impairment of neurovascular unit (NVU) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of DR, including retinal vascular endothelial cells damage, impairment of cell junctions, loss of pericytes, pericyte-endothelial cells communication impairment and so on. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation and analysis of migraine diagnosis and treatment in general practitioners Zhao Huiqing, Zhang Yaqing Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (3): 482-486.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.03.019 Abstract （234）      PDF（pc） （814KB）（319）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To evaluate the cognition and diagnosis of migraine of general practitioners, so as to provide reference for further improving the general practitioner’s ability to diagnose and treat migraine. Methods The questionnaire entitled “General Practitioners Migraine Diagnosis and Treatment Status Survey” was designed according to the relevant problems in the diagnosis and treatment of migraine. The demographic characteristics of the respondents and their mastery of the current clinical diagnosis and treatment of migraine were collected. From June 1 to September 30, 2021, 500 general practitioners were selected by the method of cross-sectional survey. A total of 500 questionnaires were sent and 450 (90%) valid questionnaires were collected. The results of 450 questionnaires were summarized and analyzed. Results The survey showed that the average age of 450 respondents was （36.6±7.2） years old, including 208 (46.22%) male general practitioners. 75.81% of the respondents had a bachelor's degree, and 39.72% of them owned intermediate professional titles (32.31% with senior professional titles and the remaining 28.97% with junior professional titles). In clinical practice, 85.58% of general practitioners had treated headache patients. Only 20.66% had studied the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3), and the knowledge of ICHD-3 among respondents from tertiary hospitals was significantly better than that those from primary and secondary hospitals (P<0.000 1). Only about 30% of the subjects correctly answered the duration and diagnostic criteria of migraine attacks. 56.74% of the respondents had considered the use of drugs for migraine prevention, but the knowledge of medication indications and drug choices still were needed. Conclusions There is still a gap in the current knowledge of migraine diagnosis and treatment among general practitioners. In the future, we should further strengthen the general practitioner in professional knowledge training to improve the general practitioner's ability of cognition and diagnosis and treatment on migraine, so as to reduce the disease burden of migraine. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of cathepsin in the mechanism of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy Li Mingjia, Zhao Miaomiao , Yang Jinkui Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (3): 413-419.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.03.009 Abstract （410）      PDF（pc） （1647KB）（318）       Knowledge map    Save Cathepsin is one of the most important proteolytic enzymes in mammals, which exists both intracellularly and extracellularly. It participates in various physiological and pathological processes in vivo such as regulating autophagy, cell apoptosis, maintaining extracellular matrix homeostasis, antigen presentation, viral infection and inflammation. In recent years, cathepsin B (CTSB), cathepsin D (CTSD), cathepsin L (CTSL), and cathepsin S (CTSS) have been considered to be the main players in metabolic diseases. They are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of  mellitus (DM） and diabetic nephropathy (DN) and may become potential new targets for prediction and treatment. This article reviews the role and mechanism of CTSB, CTSD, CTSL, and CTSS in DM and DN. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A preliminary study on the therapeutic efficacy of Duloxetine in the treatment of depersonalization-derealization disorder Zheng Sisi, Song Mingkang, Song Nan, Zhu Hong, Jia Hongxiao Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (4): 578-582.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.04.012 Abstract （459）      PDF（pc） （2217KB）（304）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To explore the efficacy and influencing factors of Duloxetine in the treatment of depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPD). Methods  The data were collected from January 2020 to December 2022 for DPD patients treated with Duloxetine at Beijing Anding Hospital,  Capital Medical University. Survival analysis was used to analyze treatment efficacy and influencing factors. Results  A total of 51 patients were included in this study, and 64.7% of the patients showed treatment efficacy. The median effective time was 118 (87, 643) days, and there was a trend of rapid improvement in emotional numbness symptoms. Education level was identified as a significant influencing factor for duloxetine treatment, with HR=0.81 (0.70, 0.95), P=0.008. Conclusions  Duloxetine treatment for DPD, particularly for the patients with emotional numbness as the main complaint, has potential benefits and provides guidance for clinical treatment of DPD. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progresses in fertility and pregnancy management in patients with Turner syndrome Zhao Yue, Ruan Xiangyan, Gu Muqing, Cheng Jiaojiao, Wang Yuejiao, Jin Jing Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (4): 561-567.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.04.010 Abstract （277）      PDF（pc） （505KB）（264）       Knowledge map    Save Pregnancy is a key problem for patients with Turner syndrome (TS). Although 4%-7% of TS patients have the possibility of natural pregnancy, most TS patients need oocyte donation and fertility protection (FP). As premature ovarian failure generally occurs early in life of women with TS, and pregnancy can increase the risk of cardiovascular abnormalities, such as aortic dissection or rupture, these patients should be counseled and evaluated as early as possible for discussion of optimal cardiovascular assessment as well as multidisciplinary team management strategies. This supervision mode is also applicable to pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and post-pregnancy. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is a viable option for FP in young individuals with TS. This review summarizes the research progresses of fertility and pregnancy management for women with TS.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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ood practices in Mendelian randomization： common designs, key challenges, and optimization in Mendelian randomization analysis Wang Jing, Zhang Guoyan, Cheng Shan Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 1087-1094.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.027 Abstract （1108）      PDF（pc） （529KB）（261）       Knowledge map    Save Mendelian randomization (MR) is a causal inference method that utilizes genetic variations as instrumental variables to investigate the causal relationships between exposures (various factors) and outcomes (diseases or phenotypes). This article discusses the fundamental assumptions of MR methods in biomedical research, common designs, key challenges, optimizations and the future prospects of MR. The article introduces the core assumptions of MR methods and how to select common MR design types in biomedical research. Furthermore, the article discusses the key challenges currently faced by MR studies and their solutions, such as how to select instrumental variables that meet the core assumptions, how to choose causal estimation methods in MR, and how to interpret MR results biologically. In addition, the article suggests some directions for future research. As a powerful tool, MR contributes to exploring causal relationships, selecting therapeutic intervention targets, and conducting long-term population-based intervention studies. While MR cannot fully replace randomized controlled trials, it has a wide  application in biomedical research and clinical practice, helping us to deeply understand the complex relationships between health and disease. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (6): 1103-1111.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.06.029 Abstract （124）      PDF（pc） （5124KB）（248）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (4): 690-694.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.04.028 Abstract （434）      PDF（pc） （995KB）（236）       Knowledge map    Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of effects and mechanisms of paeony and total glucosides of paeony in treatment of immune-associated dermatoses Yang Yang, Chen Ruixuan, Min Li, Ma Zhijie, Mei Xueling, Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (1): 1-7.   DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 001 Abstract （434）      PDF（pc） （1315KB）（198）       Knowledge map    Save Pharmacological studies have shown that white paeony has anti-inflammatory,immunomodulatory,hepatoprotective,and analgesic effects. In clinical practice, paeony and total glucosides of paeony are often used to treat autoimmune diseases. As the anti-inflammatory, immune-modulating and anti-oxidizing mechanisms of paeony and total glucosides of paeony are gradually understood,their clinical applications in immune-related and inflammatory skin diseases have been continuously expanded. The mechanisms such as anti-oxidation play an important role in enhancing efficacy,attenuating toxicity,and reducing disease recurrence rates. This article reviews the research progresses on the effects and mechanisms of paeony and total glucosides of paeony in the treatment of immune-related and inflammatory skin diseases, to provide a basis for in-depth research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of multiple myeloma involving central nervous system Jia Jing, Chen Wenming, Li Yanchen Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (1): 161-166.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.01.024 Abstract （331）      PDF（pc） （1610KB）（193）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic survival of multiple myeloma (MM) with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Methods Among 1 529 MM patients reviewed, totally 18 MM patients with CNS involvement were included in this retrospective study. Both clinical and prognostic characteristics of MM and the involved intracranial site were analyzed. Results CNS involvement occurred in 1.2% of MM patients. The average age was (54.5±11.0) years. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)detection suggested that 43.8% of patients with CNS MM had high-risk cytogenetic abnormality with mean Ki-67 proliferation index of 50.9%±24.2%. Eight patients (44.4%) were diagnosed with CNS involvement at an initial MM diagnosis and 10 (55.6%) at relapse/progression. The median time from MM diagnosis to CNS MM diagnosis was 23.5(14.3,36.0)months. The median overall survival (OS) from the onset of CNS involvement for the entire group was 18.0(95%CI: 7.3－28.7)months. The univariate analysis indicated that the patients with high-risk cytogenetic abnormality by FISH (7.0 months vs 24.0 months, P=0.007) and those with a Ki-67 proliferation index of ＞50% (13.0 months vs 29.5 months, P=0.042) had shorter OS. Conclusion A CNS imaging screening should be considered at initial diagnosis and relapse/progression of MM. Patients with CNS MM had invasive biological characteristics and the prognosis was generally poor. High-risk cytogenetic abnormality by FISH and a Ki-67 proliferation index of ＞50% were associated with worse OS. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The application of artificial intelligence in otolaryngology head and neck surgery Zhao Jinming , Wang Xiangdong , Zhang Luo Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (2): 175-180.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2024.02.001 Abstract （333）      PDF（pc） （484KB）（191）       Knowledge map    Save Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is increasingly widely used in the medical field. As an important branch of medicine, otolaryngology head and neck surgery has gradually applied AI technology to improve the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis, treatment and disease management. This article reviews the historical development of AI, applications in the medical field, the wearable devices, and AI used in otolaryngology head and neck surgery, it will explore the challenges AI faces in medical application and prospects for future development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of triglyceride-glucose index in evaluating adipose tissue insulin resistance Li Xiaohui, Yin Jie, Liu Bing, Yu Hengchi, Zhu Yingna, Ma Chifa, Yuan Mingxia Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (3): 393-399.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.03.006 Abstract （243）      PDF（pc） （1536KB）（188）       Knowledge map    Save Objective Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a simple surrogate indicator for insulin resistance (IR). Ectopic fat deposition caused by adipose tissue IR (adipose-IR) can lead to glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. This study aimed to investigate the value of TyG index in evaluating adipose-IR. Methods A total of 419 patients with abdominal obesity were enrolled in the study from Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from April 2019 to March 2022. The general clinical data and metabolic related indicators, including fasting plasma glucose, insulin, serum lipid, glycosylated hemoglobin  A1c (HbA1c), free fatty acid were evaluated. According to median value of TyG index, participants were divided into high-TyG group(n=209) and low-TyG group(n=210). The glycometabolic and lipid metabolism indexes and adipose-IR index between the two groups were compared, and Logistic regression analysis was performed with TyG index and adipose-IR index. Results The average age ［(34.28±0.66） years vs （30.86±0.58） years, P<0.001］ and proportion of males (36.36% vs 31.28%, P<0.001) were significantly higher in the high-TyG group than in low-TyG group. Compared with the low-TyG group, the adipose-IR index ［144.3(77.87, 241.9) vs 104.1(63.40, 174.1), P<0.001］ and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index ［9.72(6.28, 14.17) vs 6.00(3.64, 9.84), P<0.001］ were significantly increased in the high-TyG group. The homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) index in the high-TyG group was significantly lower than that in the low TyG group (P<0.001). The TyG index positively correlated with adipose-IR index (r=0.310, P<0.001), HOMA-IR index (r=0.432, P<0.001) and HbA1c (r=0.553, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with HOMA-β (r=－0.397, P<0.001). Bivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that TyG index was an independent influencing factor for adipose-IR, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.004(95%CI:1.001－1.009). Conclusion TyG index was positively correlated with adipose-IR index. High TyG index predicted more severe adipose-IR. TyG index might be used as a simple method to evaluate adipose-IR in obese patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between serum CX3CL1 level and cognitive dysfunction in patients with white matter hyperintensity Li Qiong, Zhao Jianhua, Liu Hao, Wang Fan, Li Qing, Chen Xiyan, Cai Ruiyan, Wu Qingwu, Zhang Jian, Ji Sibei, Lu Chengbiao, Li Shaomin Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (1): 6-12.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.01.002 Abstract （412）      PDF（pc） （1314KB）（183）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the correlation between serum chemokine C-X3-C-motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1), also know as fractalkine (Fkn). levels and cognitive dysfunction in patients with white matter hyperintensity (WMH). Methods A total of 152 patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from March 2020 to August 2022 were collected. The general clinical data of patients, the routine sequence of cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biochemical indicators, serum CX3CL1 level, and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cognitive scores were collected, and the correlation between serum CX3CL1 levels and white matter hyperintensity and cognitive function was analyzed. Results A total of 152 participants were enrolled and divided into the group with normal cognitive function and the group of cognitive dysfunction according to the MMSE results, with the mean age of (59.60±8.84) years and (62.91±7.99)years, respectively. The correlation analysis results showed that CX3CL1 level and apparent space were negatively correlated with executive function, attention, and orientation.Regression analysis showed that CX3CL1 levels and white matter high-signal were risk factors for cognitive dysfunction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis suggested that CX3CL1 levels may have potential predictive value for cognitive impairment. Conclusion Serum CX3CL1 levels and white matter hyperintensity are associated with cognitive function, and elevated serum CX3CL1 levels are risk factors for the development of cognitive dysfunction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of LILRB2 overexpression lentivirus vector and THP-1-LILRB2 stable transformation cell Bai Ruojing, Lyu Shiyun, Hua Wei, Wu Hao, Dai Lili Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (1): 93-98.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.01.014 Abstract （516）      PDF（pc） （6846KB）（183）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To construct stable human myeloid leukemia mononuclear cells (THP-1) overexpressing leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2 (LILRB2) cDNA by viral packaging with a lentiviral vector overexpressing LILRB2 and infecting THP-1 cells using puromycin selection, and to successfully validate the overexpression effects at both mRNA and protein levels, we will provide prerequisites to study the role of LILRB2 in monocytes. Methods The LILRB2 overexpression lentiviral vector was constructed by inserting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified LILRB2 gene fragments into Xba I and BamH I followed by the lentiviral backbone vector pLV-SFFV-MCS-EF1-ZsGreen1-T2A-Puro. After positive clones were screened and identified by sequencing, the multiplicity of infection (MOI) value was determined experimentally before virus infection. Virus was packaged in 293T cells, and the stock obtained after concentration was subjected to virus titer. To confirm the setting of the overexpression (LV-OE-LILRB2) group and control (LV-OE-NC) group, the green fluorescence of virus-infected THP-1 in each group was observed by fluorescence microscope. Puromycin selection of THP-1 cell lines stably expressing LILRB2. The mRNA and protein expression levels of LILRB2 in THP-1 cells were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting (WB), respectively. Results The base sequences in the vector were confirmed to be correct by PCR and sequencing to confirm the completion of the LILRB2 overexpression lentiviral vector construction. Virus infection pre experiments were performed to determine the monocyte cell line THP-1 infected for 72 h at MOI=5. Viral titer measurements yielded LV-OE-LILRB2 group titers of 1 × 108 TU / mL, while the titer in the LV-OE-NC group was 3.3 × 108TU/mL. A concentration of 2 μ g / mL puromycin selected stable cell lines subjected to qPCR showed that the mRNA expression level of LILRB2 in the LV-OE-LILRB2 group was significantly upregulated compared with that in the LV-OE-NC group (P<0.001). Moreover, WB assay showed that the protein expression level of LILRB2 in LV-OE-LILRB2 group was significantly increased compared with that in LV-OE-NC group (P <0.05). Conclusion The successful establishment of THP-1 cell lines stably overexpressing LILRB2 was achieved, providing a cell model for studying the mechanism of LILRB2 in monocytes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between visceral fat area and abdominal aortic calcification in hemodialysis patients based on bioelectrical impedance methods Wang Xiaoqi, Yuan Dan, Shao Feng, Zhou Jingjing, Yang Fan, Li Zhongxin Journal of Capital Medical University    2024, 45 (1): 127-132.   DOI: 10. 3969/ j. issn. 1006-7795. 2024. 01. 020 Abstract （132）      PDF（pc） （703KB）（182）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To investigate the correlation between visceral fat area (VFA) and abdominal aortic calcification in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods  Via cross-sectional survey,MHD patients in Beijing Luhe Hospital,Capital Medical University from April 2019 to May 2020 with complete data were selected and subjected to body composition analysis,excluding malnourished patients. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the degree of calcium by Abdominal Aortic Calcification Score (AACs),and the clinical characteristics and VFA level were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC),and the predictive value of VFA level to abdominal aortic calcification was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.  Results  A total of 152 patients with MHD were included in this study and divided into non-AAC group (n=32),mild AAC group (n=45),moderate AAC group (n=54) and severe AAC group (n=21). There were statistically significant differences in serum phosphorus,intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C),VFA and whether diabetes mellitus was combined among 4 groups (P < 0.05). Univariate correlation showed that AACs score of non-malnourished MHD patients was significantly positively correlated with diabetes,serum phosphorus,iPTH,and VFA level (r=0.188,0.238,0.223,0.392,P < 0.05),was negatively correlated with HDL-C level (r=-0.228,P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that VFA and serum phosphorus were independent risk factors for AAC in MHD patients. ROC curve showed that the area under curve (AUC) of VFA in non-malnourished MHD patients for predicting AAC was 0.725 (P < 0.05),which had high predictive value. Conclusion  For non-malnourished MHD patients,elevated VFA is associated with the severity of AAC and is an independent risk factor for AAC,which may be a biological indicator for predicting the occurrence of AAC. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Implementation and related influencing factors of the clinical pathway of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Wang Yingquan, Feng Lin, Zuo Yingting, Tong Zhaohui, Liang Lirong Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (1): 35-41.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.01.006 Abstract （428）      PDF（pc） （1724KB）（177）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effect and implementation of clinical pathway(CP) for hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in a tertiary general hospital, analyze the existing problems and propose corresponding suggestions. Methods Patients with primary diagnose of AECOPD were selected from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2021 through the hospital's integrated big data platform. The clinical baseline characteristics, clinical outcomes, and hospitalization costs were compared with each other between those entered CP of AECOPD and those not, and the factors affecting the enter of CP were analyzed with multivariate Logistic regression. Similar analyses were done between those completed CP and those not completed CP implementation. Results A total of 1 817 hospitalized patients with AECOPD were included. Among these cases, 20.7% (377 of 1 817) of them entered CP of AECOPD, and the proportion changed significantly during the study period. Further, 66.0% (249 of 377) of those entered CP of AECOPD completed the CP, and the proportion did not change significantly during the study period. Age and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) ≥ 2 were the independent influencing factors of not entering CP, and comorbidities of respiratory failure, moderate to severe renal disease were the independent influencing factors of not completing CP. Neither entering CP nor completing CP has significant correlation with patients' in-hospital mortality and length of stay. However, the patients who completed the CP had less medical costs than whose who didn't. Conclusion In real world, the proportion of AECOPD patients who entered CP and the proportion of those completed CP in a tertiary general hospital are both relatively low, especially among the elderly and those with severe chronic comorbidities. The entry and exit criteria of the clinical pathway for these patients should be detailed to improve the implementation of the AECOPD clinical pathway. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Levels of sRAGE and IFN-γ in the plasma of patients with acute coronary syndrome and their relationship with the severity of coronary artery lesions Luo Xiaomeng, Jiang Xue, Du Fenghe, Guo Caixia Journal of Capital Medical University    2023, 44 (2): 272-279.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7795.2023.02.014 Abstract （205）      PDF（pc） （3249KB）（169）       Knowledge map    Save Objective  To investigate the plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end product (sRAGE) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in patients with different types of acute coronary syndromes and their relationship with the severity of coronary artery lesions.  Methods  A total of 236 patients who underwent coronary angiography in  Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2016 to June 2018 were included and divided into acute myocardial infarction group (n=42), unstable angina pectoris group (n=119), non-(coronary heart disease, CHD) group (n=75). The levels of sRAGE and IFN-γ in the plasma of each group were detected and compared by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The differences of sRAGE and IFN-γ in patients with acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris in different Gensini  score groups and their correlation with the number of coronary artery lesions were analyzed， respectively. The correlations between sRAGE and IFN-γ and myocardial infarction markers cardiac troponin I (cTnI), myoglobin (Myo) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) in patients with acute myocardial infarction were analyzed.  Results The sRAGE level was the highest in the acute myocardial infarction group and the lowest in the non-coronary heart disease group. The level of IFN-γ in the acute myocardial infarction group was higher than that in the unstable angina pectoris group and the non-coronary heart disease group, and there was no significant difference between the unstable angina pectoris group and the non-coronary heart disease group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated sRAGE level was an independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina, and was more closely related to acute myocardial infarction. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, sRAGE and IFN-γ were positively correlated, and both were positively correlated with myocardial infarction markers cTnI, Myo, and CK-MB, but had no significant correlation with Gensini score and the number of coronary artery lesions. In unstable angina pectoris, the levels of sRAGE and IFN-γ in the high GS group were higher than those in the medium Gensini group and the low Gensini group. The sRAGE level was the highest in the three-vessel disease group and the lowest in the single-vessel disease group, and the IFN-γ level was the highest in the double-vessel disease group and the lowest in the single-vessel disease group.   Conclusion  The level of sRAGE in the plasma of patients with acute coronary syndrome is significantly increased, and the level of sRAGE in patients with acute myocardial infarction is higher than that in patients with unstable angina pectoris. The levels of sRAGE and IFN-γ in unstable angina pectoris were positively correlated with the severity of coronary artery disease. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics